新東方網為同學們整理了託福寫作常用高頻詞彙正確用法細節實例:indicate,供考生參考學習。
託福獨立寫作熱點詞彙indicate詞義介紹
indicate這個詞小編相信各位託福考生應該並不陌生,這個詞彙的詞義很簡單,就是表明、顯示的意思,用英文解釋那就是to point something out or to present evidence. 這個詞在獨立寫作中可以算是比較常見常用的一個詞彙了,因為獨立寫作為立論文,離不開對各類例證的運用。而考生在舉出某個事例後,往往會繼續寫以上事例表明了什麼觀點之類的句子,這個時候indicate就很容易被拿出來使用,因此熟悉這個詞彙的用法對大家來說是很重要的。
託福獨立寫作熱點詞彙indicate兩種用法例句分析
了解了indicate的基本詞義後,接下來小編就來為大家具體分析這個詞的標準用法,一般來說indicate的用法主要有兩種,分別是:
1. indicate that + Subject + Verb
這個用法應該是最常見的用法之一了,一般放在句子當中,其意思往往是前面的某事某物表明了之後的某個結果結論等等,大家來看幾個例句:
a. Estimates indicate that more than 60 percent of the yearly retail sales in the U.S. are credit transactions.
b. Evidence indicates that people have always been predominantly right-handed.
c. The drastic disappearance of Foraminifera in these layers of rock indicated that something had happened at the boundary between the Cretaceous and Tertiary periods.
2. indicate + Noun
這個用法可能大家用得會稍微少一些,但其實小編認為這反而是更能體現大家對這個詞彙理解和掌握水平的一種用法,因為在這個用法中,indicate往往有象徵,暗示之類的意思,大家可以體會一下:
a. The drastic decline in the numbers of amphibians worldwide indicates the global pollution of water and air.
b. Record profits in the retail market indicate a boom in the economy.
c. An increase in crime indicates a decline in moral standards.
indicate相關高頻詞彙用法匯總指點
當然,除了indicate這個詞本身,考生也需要了解其相關詞彙的正確用法,來拓展自身對詞彙的理解和運用技巧,下面這3個indicate相關的詞彙indication,indicator和indicative的用法大家要掌握好:
1. indication
先來看第一個詞彙indication,這個詞彙的詞性為名詞,含義也是表明;顯示;象徵之類的意思,用英文來理解,An indication is an act of indicating something。大家也可以理解成clue或是suggestion之類的含義。這個詞彙比較常見的用法是give sb. an indication of或者be an indication of,都可以用來替代indicate在句子裡發揮出同樣的意思,比如:
a. The drastic decline in the numbers of amphibians worldwide indicates the global pollution of water and air.
b. The drastic decline in the numbers of amphibians worldwide gives scientists an indication of the global pollution of water and air.
c. The drastic decline in the numbers of amphibians worldwide is an indication of the global pollution of water and air.
2. indicator
這個詞彙同樣也是indicate的名詞形式,這個詞彙的英文解釋是an object that indicates the state or level of something。從其定義上就可以看出,這個詞和上面的indication雖然同為名詞,但還是存在一定區別的,具體來說,indication是一個比較抽象的概念,而indicator則有具體的對象,是能夠暗示或表明某件事某個現象的具體事物。還是通過實際例句來說明,剛才indication裡給出的例句a可以這麼變:
a. The drastic decline in the numbers of amphibians worldwide indicates the global pollution of water and air.
b. The number of amphibians worldwide is used as an indicator of global pollution of water and air.
大家可以看出,想要使用indicator的情況下,必須要有具體的對象,也就是例句中的the number of amphibians worldwide,再來看這幾個句子:
c. Nitrogen oxides are used by scientists as an indicator of economic activity and of the effectiveness of pollution-control measures.
d. Gold prices are often seen as an indicator of inflation.
e. The stock market is seen as a leading indicator of economic growth.
另外,大家如果平時比較關心金融商業類的新聞報導,那麼應該會經常看到這個詞組economic indicators,這個詞指的一般是經濟類相關的各種數字數據,比如失業率或是通貨膨脹率等等,比如:
f. Economic indicators suggest that prices will go up.
那麼既然可以用來指數字,下面這個用法對不對呢?
High crime rates are an indicator of a decline in moral standards.
這裡小編要強調一下,這個用法本身是錯誤的。大家需要注意一點,這句話的主語是high crime rates而不是crime rates,indicator一般指代的都是無屬性沒有修飾的某個事物或是數值,一旦帶上了形容詞,這個主語本身就已經不是indicator而直接就是一個結果了,這種時候主語本身就帶有了indication的抽象概念。以上面這個句子為例的話,犯罪率這個數據可以作為道德標準(是否)下降的indicator,但高犯罪率本身就已經是道德標準下降的indication了。這個解釋可能有點繞,大家來看一下這個句子的正確寫法:
High crime rates are an indication of a decline in moral standards.
Crime rates are used as an indicator of a decline in moral standards.
3. indicative
最後再來說說indicate的形容詞形式indicative的用法,這個詞的詞義是suggestive or serving as a sign of something,用在句子裡可以以be indicative of來替換indicate,比如:
a. The drastic decline in the numbers of amphibians worldwide indicates the global pollution of water and air.
上面這個句子就可以替換成:
b. The drastic decline in the numbers of amphibians worldwide is indicative of the global pollution of water and air.
再給大家幾個例句參考一下:
c. Thin tree rings are indicative of slow tree growth. [=Thin tree rings indicate that a tree has grown slowly]
d. Provocative images in the media are indicative of the vibrant competition in the media.
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