摘要：通過研究歷年考研真題可以發現，考研英語大作文基本上是3段結構。第一段描述圖畫，從圖片描述的細節中推導出文章的主題。第二段揭示圖畫
摘要：通過研究歷年考研真題可以發現，考研英語大作文基本上是3段結構。第一段描述圖畫，從圖片描述的細節中推導出文章的主題。第二段揭示圖畫內涵，並對圖畫的內涵進行分析、論證。第三段總結全文，照應題目，點明主旨，深化中心。
接下來，我們仔細分析下每一段該怎麼去寫。今天的文章較長，建議大家先收藏再看~
01首段方法
根據考研大作文的結構框架可知，大作文的首段主要就是描述圖片，從圖片描述的細節中推導出文章的主題。這種對圖畫進行描述，並給出自己理解的方法叫作現象闡釋法。現象闡釋法是考研大作文首段最常用的一種方法。描述圖畫並且由對圖畫的描寫過渡到個人觀點或者圖畫內涵的提出這兩個部分至關重要。這兩個部分常用的句式如下：
（一）描述圖畫
1. The cartoon vividly depicts . 這幅漫畫生動地描述了。
2. As is described in the picture, . 如圖中所描述的，。
3. As is vividly indicated in the above drawing/picture, .
如上圖生動地描述的那樣，。
4. The drawing, thought-provoking as it is, does mirror a social phenomenon that .
這幅發人深省的圖畫的確反映了這樣一個社會現象：。
5. In the cartoon presented to us, . Obviously, what the cartoon illustrates/reveals is .
在展現給我們的圖片中，。顯然，該圖片說明/揭示的是。
6. As is symbolically depicted in the drawing above, . Although the drawing is designed simply, it does reveal that .
正如上圖象徵性地描繪的一樣，。雖然該圖很簡單，它確實反映了。
7. As is vividly illustrated in the cartoon, . The central point of this cartoon is that .
正如漫畫中生動展示的，。該漫畫的主旨是。
8. As the bar chart shows, the number of has dramatically increased/decreased during the years from to .
如柱狀圖所示，的數量從年到年年之間急劇增加/減少。
9. From the graph, we know the statistics of and . It can be seen easily that .
從圖表中我們可知和的數據。我們可以很容易地看出。
10. From the bar chart, it is clear that between and the amount of ranged from to .
從柱狀圖中可以清楚地看到，從到，的數量在到之間變化。
11. As the bar chart shows, great changes concerning took place between and .
柱狀圖表明，從到，發生了很大的變化。
12. As can be seen in the graph, saw great changes in between and .
從圖表可知，在到之間，發生了巨大變化。
13. Recently, the rise in the problem of has aroused public/wide concern.
近來，問題的增加已經引起了公眾/廣泛的關注。
14. Recently, the issue of has been brought into focus/brought to public attention.
近來，問題已經成為人們關注的焦點。
15. The problem of has caused wide concern over recent years.
近年來，問題已經引起了廣泛的關注。
16. With the rapid growth of , have/has become increasingly important in our daily life.
隨著的快速增長，在我們的日常生活中已經變得越來越重要。
17. Now there is a growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to .
如今，人們越來越意識到的必要性。
18. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/be aware that .
如今，越來越多的人開始意識到。
19. After a good many years of enthusiasm for , people begin to .
熱衷於多年之後，人們開始。
20. One of the burning/pressing problems facing/confronting our nation/society today is .
我們的國家/社會今天面臨的緊迫問題之一是。
21. With playing an increasingly important role in , more and more .
隨著在中的作用日益重要，越來越多的。
22. Whenever you see/find , you can't help being shocked/surprised at .
每當看到/發現的時候，你會不禁為感到震驚/驚訝。
23. Undoubtedly this picture describes a scenario that .
毫無疑問，這幅圖畫描述了這樣一個情景。
24. The drawing given above portrays a thought-provoking scene that .
上面的圖畫為我們展示了一個發人深省的場景。
（二） 引出個人觀點或圖畫內涵
1. This picture demonstrates one of the basic theories of philosophy: .
這幅圖片展現了哲學的一個基本理論：。
2. Such a picture draws attention to the fact that .
這樣一種畫面吸引我們注意到這樣的現實：。
3. The purpose of the drawing is to show us that .
這幅畫是為了向我們展示。
4. The painter reminds us of a common social phenomenon: .
畫的作者提醒我們注意一個普遍的社會現象：。
5. From the picture above we are informed that .
從上面這幅圖片，我們可以得知。
6. It ironically depicts the common phenomenon that .
圖片諷刺地描繪了一個普遍的社會現象：。
7. This drawing reflects a prevailing trend that .
這幅圖片揭示了當今一個大趨勢：。
8. What the above pictures intend to illustrate is that .
上面的圖畫意在說明。
9. The aim of the portrayal is to illustrate that . 這幅畫旨在說明。
10. The drawing reveals a thought-provoking truth that .
這幅圖畫揭示了一個發人深省的道理。
11. Apparently, the painter wishes to draw our attention to the social phenomenon that .
顯然，繪畫者希望我們注意這樣一個社會現象。
12. The simple but thought-provoking cartoon tends to highlight nothing but .
這幅簡單卻發人深省的漫畫強調了。
13. The primary purpose of the drawings is to emphasize .
圖畫的主要目的是強調。
02中間段方法
考研大作文的中間段又稱主旨段，一般是揭示圖畫內涵，並對圖畫的內涵進行分析、論證。中間段首先要寫好主題句。寫主題句時，要注意以下兩點：
①段落主題句的內容應豐滿，切忌空洞。一個段落的信息容量是有限的，如果主題句限定的範圍太籠統，其內容就難以在一個段落中闡述清楚。
例如：The relationship is depressing.看到這個話題，我們禁不住會問什麼樣的關係，沮喪到了何種程度，這都很難界定，讓人無從下手。我們可以改寫為：The relationship between parents and children is more depressing compared with decades ago.
②段落主題句應有展開的空間，不宜太具體。段落主題句限定範圍太窄不利於段落的展開論述。
例如：Going to college, one can make friends.看到這個句子的時候，相信大部分考生會有句子已經把話說完的感覺。原因是這個主題句限定的範圍太窄了。我們可以改成：Going to college, one can learn more and thus make more suitable friends.
寫好主題句，接下來就是對主題句進行論證了。一般來講，真正決定作文表達效果的還是中間段。為了緊扣題意，增強表達效果，中間段的寫作可採用以下三種方法：因果論證法、對比法、舉例法。
（一）因果論證法
因果論證法是給出一個論點，並從不同的幾個方面分條列舉原因或者可能的影響的方法。因果論證法常用的素材有：
引出原因
1. There may be a combination of factors which contribute to/are responsible for/can explain .
也許有一些因素造成/可以解釋。
2. There are probably three/many/several/a variety of reasons for this dramatic/significant increase/decline in .
引起顯著增長/下降的原因有三個/許多/幾個/很多。
3. Some reasons can explain this trend. 一些原因可以解釋這一趨勢。
4. Why ?為什麼？
5. The causes of are varied. They include , and perhaps the main cause is .
造成的原因有很多，包括,主要原因可能是。
6. The reason for this is not far to seek. 這一問題的原因不難發現。
7. It is no easy task to identify the reasons for this phenomenon which involves several complicated factors.
要找出這一現象的原因並非易事，因為它涉及若干複雜的因素。
8. There are numerous reasons why , and I would explore only a few of the most important ones here. 的原因有很多，這裡我只想探討其中幾個最重要的原因。
9. There are many reasons responsible for this phenomenon, and the following are the typical ones.
導致這種現象的原因有很多，以下是其中比較有代表性的。
10. There are many reasons explaining this case. As for me, I regard the following as the typical ones.
有很多原因可以解釋該問題。就我而言，我認為以下原因比較典型。
11. A number of factors could account for/contribute to/lead to/result in the change of .
引起變化的因素有很多。
12. Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involve .
任何對此問題的討論都不可避免地涉及。
13. One may attribute/ascribe the increase/decrease/change to .
人們可能將這一增長/下降/變化歸因於。
14. We may blame/criticize for ,but the causes/roots of the problem/phenomenon/trend go much deeper.
我們或許會因為批評，但是這一問題/現象/趨勢背後有著更深層次的原因。
分條列舉原因
1. In the first place, . In the second place, .
首先，。其次，。
2. First, . Second, . 首先，。其次，。
3. To begin with, . Secondly, . Last but not least, .
首先，。其次，。最後但並不是最不重要的，。
4. The first reason is that . The second one is . The third is .
第一個原因是。第二個原因是。第三個原因是。
5. First of all, . Secondly, . Furthermore, .
首先，。其次，。另外,。
6. For one thing, . For another, .
一方面,。另一方面，。
7. Firstly, . Secondly, . Thirdly, .
首先，。其次，。再次，。
8. Another reason why I disagree with the above statements is that I believe.
我不同意上述觀點的另一個原因是我認為。
（二）對比法
對比法是通過正反兩方面的比較來闡釋主題的方法。中間段中對比法的運用一般是先揭示圖片內涵，再從正反兩方面論證圖片的內涵。對比法常用的素材有：
1. The advantages gained in outweigh/are much greater than the advantages we gain from . 從中獲取的優勢遠遠超過我們從中獲取的。
2. bear(s) a close/striking resemblance to .
與極為相似。
3. On the one hand, . On the other hand, .
一方面,。另一方面,。
4. Similarly/Likewise/In the same way, . 同樣，。
5. Although enjoy(s) a distinct advantage, .
儘管有明顯優勢，但是。
6. Many students like . Among them there are two different attitudes to . Some of them think that . Others, however, don't think so. They feel that .
許多學生喜歡。關於他們有兩種不同的觀點。有人認為。而另外一些則不贊同這種看法。他們認為。
7. Nothing/Few things can approach/equal/match . 沒有什麼能與相比。
8. Indeed, carries more weight than when is concerned.
的確，就而言，的重要性要超過。
9. Serious as the problem may be, it pales in comparison with .
這個問題可能很嚴重，但與相比就微不足道了。
10. In comparison/contrast, . 比較而言/對比起來，。
11. Indeed/Certainly, play(s) a more/less important role when compared with .
當然，與相比，的影響要大/小得多。
12. Despite the fact that most of them like , I would like to choose to .
儘管大多數人喜歡，我還是傾向於。
13. When the advantages and disadvantages are compared/weighed, the conclusion/finding is quite obvious/self-evident. 比較一下優缺點，結論就不言而喻了。
14. There is no consensus among people as to . Some people suggest that , while others argue that . I agree with the latter/former.
人們並未就達成一致意見。一些人建議，而另一些人則認為。我贊成後者/前者。
15. People differ greatly in their attitudes toward this problem. Some maintain that . Others, on the contrary, hold the opinion that . Personally, I stand on the side of .
人們對於這個問題的態度差異很大。有人認為。與此相反，另外一些人認為。就我個人而言，我站在這一邊。
16. For most people today, have/has become their main source of . But as for me, should be regarded as a better source.
如今大多數人將作為的主要來源。但就我而言，應被看作一種更好的來源。
17. may be superior to , but it poses problems for those who .
可能比更好一些，但它會給那些的人帶來問題。
18. Different people have different ideas about . Some people take it for granted that . On the contrary, some other people think .
關於的觀點因人而異。有人想當然地認為。相反，其他人則認為。
19. This case has aroused echoes throughout the country with more and more people following its lead, but ideas about it vary widely. Those who oppose/object to/are against it argue/hold that , but people who advocate/support/are for it maintain/assert/claim that .
隨著越來越多的人加入它的行列，這一事件已經在全國引起了巨大反響。然而，人們對此的觀點卻迥然不同。反對者認為，但支持者則宣稱。
20. People differ in their opinions on . Some of them believe that , while others deem that .
人們對持有不同的看法。有些人認為,而有些人則認為。
21. Many surveys show that people in increasing numbers are beginning to realize that . Meanwhile, many people still live under the traditional idea that .
許多調查顯示，越來越多的人開始意識到。同時，仍有許多人持傳統觀點，認為。
（三）舉例法
舉例法是指通過列舉事例或具體細節使主題句的抽象含義具體化，進一步說明主題句所表達的思想的方法。舉例法能增強說服力和條理性。引出例子常用的素材有：
1. From my everyday experience and observation I can list several examples that defend the statement that .
根據我的日常經驗和觀察，我可以舉出幾個例子來證明。
2. There are many instances supporting my opinion. 有許多例子可以證明我的觀點。
3. Perhaps the most important example of is .
有關的最重要的例子可能是。
4. A case in point is . 一個恰當的例子是。
5. Take for example. 以為例。
6. This is a concrete example concerning . 這是一個有關的具體例子。
7. Nothing could be more obvious/apparent than the evidence that .
再沒有比更明顯的例子了。
8. I can think of no better illustration of this idea than the example of .
要說明這個問題，是一個最好的例子。
9. The latest surveys conducted by show/reveal/demonstrate/indicate that .
由開展的最新調查顯示,。
10. No one can deny the fact that .
沒有人可以否認的事實。
11. Talking about , the first thing that may occur to you and me seems to be .
說到，我們首先想到的似乎就是。
12. A common example, which is frequently cited, is .
一個被普遍引用的例子是。
13. Instances of the same sort might be quoted easily, but this will be sufficient to show that .
類似的例子不勝枚舉，但這一個就足以說明。
14. History abounds with the example of . 歷史上有許多方面的例子。
15. The following example best illustrates the idea that .
下面這個例子很好地說明了。
16. As one writer/scientist/psychologist wrote/commented/pointed out/noted, .
正如一位作家/科學家/心理學家所寫/說/指出的，。
17. It is a commonly accepted fact that . 是一個被普遍接受的事實。
18. This is a typical/striking/notable illustration/example of .
這是的典型例子。
19. To the already familiar examples/facts, a few more/a number of other examples/facts can be added.
除了這些已經熟悉的例子/事實，我們還可以舉出其他的一些例子/事實。
03
末段方法
末段一般是總結全文，照應題目，點明主旨，深化中心。簡潔、有力的末段可以為文章錦上添花。末段的寫作可嘗試使用以下四種方法：歸納總結法、名言引用法、提出建議法、預測展望法。
（一）歸納總結法
歸納總結法指的是以文章前面的論述為依據，引出或重申文章的中心思想或結論。歸納總結法常用素材有：
1. To sum up, can benefit us tremendously if correctly used.
總而言之，如果運用得當，會讓我們受益匪淺。
2. Therefore, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that .
因此，不難得出以下結論：。
3. Recognizing the fact that will lead us to conclude that .
承認這一事實，我們能得出以下結論：。
4. The evidence upon all sides supports/confirms/leads to a conclusion that .
各方面的證據支持/表明/得出這樣一個結論：。
5. From what has been discussed above/Based on the points discussed above, we can draw/arrive at the conclusion that .
綜上所述，我們能得出如下結論：。
6. In summary/conclusion/a word, it is important that we should .
總之，我們應該，這一點很重要。
（二）名言引用法
名言引用法是指引用古今中外名人的名言警句來證明論點。名言引用法常用素材有：
1. The saying has been widely accepted throughout the world.
名言在世界範圍內被普遍接受。
2. 「.」 We are used to hearing such words like those.
「。」我們常常聽到這樣的說法。
3. 「.」 Such is the opinion of a great man. This remark has been confirmed time and time again by many historical events.
「。」這是一位偉大的人物的觀點。該言論已經被許多歷史事件反覆驗證。
4. As the proverb goes, . 正如諺語所說。
5. There is an English proverb which says that . 有一個英語諺語說，。
6. There is an old saying, 「.」 It is the experience of our forefathers, however, it is correct in many cases even today.
古語道：「。」這是前輩的經驗，但在今天許多情況下也適用。
（三）提出建議法
提出建議法是指對所討論的問題提出建設性的意見或者解決問題的具體方法。提出建議法常用素材有：
1. It is time to hear the warnings of some economists.
該是聽聽一些經濟學家的警告的時候了。
2. It is time that we put/urged an immediate end to the undesirable situation/tendency of .
該是結束這種討厭的情況/趨勢的時候了。
3. Therefore, in order to , effective means should be taken to .
所以，為了，必須採取有效措施來。
4. It is high time that . Here are some of the things that might be taken up immediately.
該是的時候了。這裡有幾項措施可以立即著手執行。
5. It is suggested that the government should make efforts to .
人們建議政府應該做出努力去。
6. In short/In any case, we should/ought to/must .
總之/無論如何，我們應該/必須。
7. Awareness of the seriousness of the problem is the first step toward the solution.
意識到這個問題的嚴重性是解決問題的第一步。
（四）預測展望法
預測展望法是指預測某一現象的發展趨勢或某一措施的深遠影響。預測展望法常用素材有：
1. The significance of cannot be overvalued. 的意義重大。
2. What will happen to ? Nobody really knows. But one thing is certain: .
會發生什麼事情？沒有人確切知道。但有一件事可以肯定：。
3. Following these suggestions may not guarantee success, but the payoff might be worth the effort. It will not only benefit but also benefit .
也許這些建議並不能保證取得成功，但是值得一試。它不但會造福，而且也會使受益。
4. To reverse the trend is not a light task. It requires a good awareness of .
要想扭轉這一趨勢並非易事。這需要充分意識到。
5. People are coming to realize the importance of . Some have begun to try their best to . We believe that .
人們開始意識到的重要性。許多人已經開始竭力。我們相信。
6. It is clear/obvious/evident/apparent that . Therefore, the task of requires/demands/involves .
很顯然，。因此，要完成的任務必須。
7. With the improvement of , will prove to hold great superior over .
隨著的改善，將證明比更具優越性。
8. There is a growing tendency for people these days to , which I believe will not change in a short time.
現在，人們的趨勢正在增加，而且我認為短時間內這種趨勢不會改變。
9. If everyone is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.
如果人人都願意為社會做出貢獻，社會將變得越來越美好。
10. Whether it is positive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly .
不管它的作用是積極的還是消極的，可以肯定的是它必將。
11. Whatever you do, please remember the old saying . If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you'll necessarily benefit a lot from it.
不管你做什麼，請記住這句老話：。如果你懂得它的意思，並將其應用到學習或工作中，你定將受益匪淺。
12. The influence of is not confined to . It also .
***的影響不僅局限於。它還***。
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