2014年6月20日 訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --老年性黃斑變性(AMD)主要表現為患者脈絡膜新血管生成(CNV)或者血管生成,其是工業化國家中引發老年個體失明的主要原因,截至2020年該疾病的流行率將增加到50%,因此目前急需新型的藥物介入療法或者抑制手段來遏制AMD。
近日,刊登在國際雜誌PNAS上的一篇研究論文中,來自哈佛大學醫學院的研究人員通過研究首次闡明了Ω(ω)-3長鏈多不飽和脂肪酸(LCPUFAs)、DHA和EPA以及細胞色素P450(CYP)衍生的特殊生物活性產物,可以通過調節患處微環境免疫細胞的募集來影響脈絡膜新血管生成以及眼部血管的滲漏。
研究者Kip Connor博士表示,這項研究是首次揭示LCPUFAs和CYP衍生物在體內調節脈絡膜血管發生的研究,我們的研究不僅可以為開發AMD血管生成的靶向療法提供希望,而且還可以為開發其它疾病比如病理性血管生成以及炎症的療法提供幫助。
Ω(ω)-3和Ω(ω)-6長鏈多不飽和脂肪酸是兩類膳食脂質,其也是必需脂肪酸,具有相對的生理效應,為了評估LCPUFAs對脈絡膜新血管生成的效應,研究人員用實驗性的小鼠進行研究,以富含Ω(ω)-3和Ω(ω)-6的長鏈多不飽和脂肪酸飲食餵食小鼠,同時進行對照,結果發現Ω(ω)-3和Ω(ω)-6組的小鼠眼部病變的尺寸以及血管滲漏的現象明顯減少了。研究者表示,這種Ω(ω)-3長鏈多不飽和脂肪酸可以調節AMD小鼠模型眼部脈絡膜血管的生成。
這項研究為開發治療老年性黃斑變性的靶向療法提供了一定思路,基於當前新生血管性眼病的流行,本文的研究具有重要的意義,目前研究者已經鑑別出了特殊的內源脂質生物代謝物,其就可以抑制病理性視網膜血管生成;未來研究中研究者將會通過更加深入的研究來開發出特殊的靶向療法來治療眼部疾病患者的疾病並且改善患者的生存質量。(生物谷Bioon.com)
Cytochrome P450-generated metabolites derived from ω-3 fatty acids attenuate neovascularization
Ryoji Yanaia, Lama Mulkia, Eiichi Hasegawaa, Kimio Takeuchia, Harry Sweigarda, Jun Suzukia, Philipp Gaisserta, Demetrios G. Vavvasa, Koh-Hei Sonodab, Michael Rothec, Wolf-Hagen Schunckd, Joan W. Millera, and Kip M. Connora,1
Ocular neovascularization, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is a primary cause of blindness in individuals of industrialized countries. With a projected increase in the prevalence of these blinding neovascular diseases, there is an urgent need for new pharmacological interventions for their treatment or prevention. Increasing evidence has implicated eicosanoid-like metabolites of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) in the regulation of neovascular disease. In particular, metabolites generated by the cytochrome P450 (CYP)–epoxygenase pathway have been shown to be potent modulators of angiogenesis, making this pathway a reasonable previously unidentified target for intervention in neovascular ocular disease. Here we show that dietary supplementation with ω-3 LCPUFAs promotes regression of choroidal neovessels in a well-characterized mouse model of neovascular AMD. Leukocyte recruitment and adhesion molecule expression in choroidal neovascular lesions were down-regulated in mice fed ω-3 LCPUFAs. The serum of these mice showed increased levels of anti-inflammatory eicosanoids derived from eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. 17,18-epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 19,20-epoxydocosapentaenoic acid, the major CYP-generated metabolites of these primary ω-3 LCPUFAs, were identified as key lipid mediators of disease resolution. We conclude that CYP-derived bioactive lipid metabolites from ω-3 LCPUFAs are potent inhibitors of intraocular neovascular disease and show promising therapeutic potential for resolution of neovascular AMD.