天問一號繞火成功!
援引自人民日報消息:「2021年2月10日19時52分,我國首次火星探測任務「天問一號」探測器實施火星捕獲制動,發動機工作約15分鐘後,探測器順利進入近火點高度約400千米、周期約10個地球日、傾角約10º的大橢圓環火軌道,成為我國第一顆人造火星衛星,實現此次任務「繞、著、巡」目標的第一步,成功開啟環繞火星模式。」
世界各地的人們都發來了他們的祝福!
歐洲空間局
奈爾·德葛拉斯·泰森
託馬斯.澤布臣
Tom和小凱也祝天問一號新年快樂鴨!火星探測任務圓滿成功!!
今天我們就一起來了解一下"天問一號火星探測器"吧
Tianwen 1 is 1st Chinese spacecraft to reach Mars
China Daily
(1) China's Tianwen 1 robotic probe entered a Martian orbit on Wednesday night after a lengthy interplanetary voyage, becoming the first Chinese spacecraft to reach the red planet.
(2) The probe's 3,000-Newton-thrust orbital-control engine was activated at 7:52 pm and worked for about 15 minutes to conduct a crucial "braking" operation to decelerate the probe and help it be captured by Martian gravity.
(3) Then the probe moved into an elliptical orbit with a perigee of about 400 kilometers and a circling period of 10 days, then started flying around the planet according to the China National Space Administration.
(4) One of the most important and challenging steps in the Tianwen 1 mission, the Martian orbital operation came one day after the United Arab Emirates' Hope probe, the first interplanetary mission by the Arab world, entered Martian orbit.
(5) The move was difficult because it required the probe to slow down within 10 minutes from the ultrafast speed of 28 kilometers per second to about 1 km/s, according to designers at the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology who designed the Tianwen 1 orbiter. They noted that the whole process was autonomously executed by the craft.
(6) Tianwen 1, the country's first independent Mars mission, was launched by a Long March 5 heavy-lift carrier rocket on July 23 from the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan province, kicking off the nation's planetary exploration program.
(7) Meaning "quest for heavenly truth" in Chinese, Tianwen is named after a long poem written by famous ancient poet Qu Yuan of the Kingdom of Chu during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC). He is known for his patriotism and contributions to classical poetry, especially through poems in the anthology Chu Ci anthology, or Songs of Chu.
(8) The 5-metric ton probe, which consists of two major parts-the orbiter and the landing capsule-had flown for 202 days and about 475 million km on its journey to Mars before its arrival. The average flight speed was about 100,000 kilometers per hour.
(9) As of Wednesday night, it was around 192 million km from Earth and was in good condition, the space administration said in a statement.
(10) During its journey, the spacecraft conducted four midcourse corrections and a deep-space orbital maneuver to make sure it was always precisely aimed at Mars.
(11) Next, it will carry out several orbital adjustments to move into a "berth" orbit above the red planet to make observations and investigations of the preset landing site, the statement said. It added that payloads mounted on Tianwen 1's orbiter including cameras, a magnetometer and a mineral spectrometer will gradually begin to work on their scientific tasks.
(12) The Tianwen 1 mission's ultimate goal is to land a rover in May or June on the southern part of Mars' Utopia Planitia-a large plain within Utopia, the largest recognized impact basin in the solar system-to conduct scientific surveys.
(13) On Friday, the space administration published a black-and-white picture of Mars taken by Tianwen 1 when the probe was about 2.2 million kilometers from the red planet, the first snapshot of the planet from the Chinese craft.
(14) Tianwen 1 is the world's 46th Mars exploration mission since October 1960, when the former Soviet Union launched the first Mars-bound spacecraft. Only 18 of those missions were successful.
(15) In the second step in China's Mars exploration program, a larger probe will set off for Mars around 2030 to take samples and then return to Earth, space officials said.
翻譯
(1) 經歷了漫長的行星旅行之後,中國的「天問一號」機器人探測器在周三晚上進入火星軌道,成為了中國第一個抵達紅色星球(指火星)的探測器。
(2) 晚上19時52分,天問一號探測器環繞器3000N軌控發動機點火啟動,並工作約15分鐘以進行關鍵的「制動」操作,以使探測器減速來幫助他被火星引力捕獲。
(3) 然後,探測器順利進入近火點,周期約為10個地球日,然後跟據國家航天局的規定開始繞火星飛行。
(4) 被火星捕獲是「天問一號」任務中最重要和最具挑戰的步驟之一,這次進入火星軌在沙烏地阿拉伯發射的「希望號」後面一天進行的,希望號是由阿拉伯世界發射的第一顆行星探測衛星。
(5) 據上海航天設計學院的設計師說,這次任務很難,是因為這需要探測器在10分鐘之內從超快的每秒28千米降至每秒大約1千米。他們說整個過程是由航天飛船自己執行完成的。
(6) 我國第一個火星探測任務「天問一號」是7月23日由長徵5號重型運載火箭從海南文昌發射中心發射的,啟動了我國的行星探測計劃。
(7) "天問"在中文中的意思是「追求神聖的真理」的意思。「天問」是以戰國(公元前475-221年)楚國著名詩人屈原所寫的一首長詩命名的。他以愛國主義和對古典詩歌的貢獻而聞名,尤其是通過《楚辭選集》中的詩歌或《楚辭》。
(8) 這個重達5公噸的探測器由兩個主要部分(軌道器和著陸艙)組成,在到達火星之前已經飛行了202天,飛行了約4.75億公裡。平均飛行速度約為每小時100,000公裡。
(9) 國家航天局在一份聲明中說,截至周三晚,它距離地球約1.92億公裡,狀況良好。
(10) 在飛行過程中,飛船進行了四次中途校正和一次深空軌道機動,以確保始終精確地對準火星。
(11) 聲明說,接下來,它將進行幾次軌道調整,以進入火星上方的停泊軌道,對預設的著陸點進行觀察和調查。它補充說,安裝在天文一號軌道飛行器上的有效載荷,包括照相機,磁力計和礦物光譜儀,將逐漸開始執行其科學任務。
(12) 天問一號任務的最終目標是在5月或6月在火星的烏託邦平原(在太陽系中公認的最大撞擊盆地烏託邦內的一個大平原)的南部降落一輛漫遊車,以進行科學調查。
(13) 星期五,國家航天局發布了天問一號拍攝的火星黑白照片,當時探測器距離紅色行星約220萬公裡,這是中國太空飛行器首次拍攝行星的快照。
(14) 天問1號是自1960年10月以來的第46次火星探測任務,當時前蘇聯發射了第一個環繞火星的太空飛行器。這些任務中只有18項是成功的。
(15) 國家航天局的官員說,在中國火星探索計劃的第二步中,將在2030年左右對火星進行更大規模的探測,以進行採樣,然後返回地球。
寫在後面:
今天偷懶了,因為是除夕夜不是很想寫稿子,但是這個新聞很重要,所以我一定要寫一篇翻譯出來,當然今天的翻譯大多數是由機器翻譯的,所以有些地方可能會不準確,我過年後會重新進行整理的,我打算今年開始創作一個火星專題,普及一些火星的知識和人類探索火星的故事,實時跟進這3次火星探測任務,讓大家有更多的了解。
好,最後再次祝願大家新年快樂!
這是原文網址:http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202102/11/WS602473eda31024ad0baa8adc_1.html