©Clement Guillaume
BLOX是位於哥本哈根的丹麥建築中心總部（以下簡稱DAC）新址。新建築中心由OMA的Ellen van Loon協同Adrianne Fisher設計，於5月4日星期五，即丹麥女王瑪格麗特二世的官方周年紀念日投入使用，並於5月6日星期日對外開放。
BLOX, the new home for the Danish Architecture Center (DAC) in Copenhagen, designed by OMA / Ellen van Loon with Adrianne Fisher, was opened in an official ceremony by Queen Margrethe II of Denmark on Friday, May 4, and to the public on Sunday, May 6.
功能複合的BLOX項目包含展覽空間、辦公室和聯合辦公區，集咖啡、書店、健身房、餐廳、22間公寓以及自動化地下公共停車場為一體。它不僅身懷絕技地混合了該項目規定的使用功能，其最終極的成就在於呈現了項目場地本身。
The mixed-use BLOX project contains exhibition spaces, offices and co-working spaces, a café, a bookstore, a fitness center, a restaurant, twenty-two apartments and an underground automated public carpark, but it is not only the acrobatic mixing of uses that defines this project; its ultimate achievement is in『discovering』 its own site.
©Delfino Sisto Legnani & Marco Cappelletti
©Hans Werlemann
自動化地下停車場 ©Richard John Seymour
老舊釀酒廠的所在地，被哥本哈根的一條主環路分割，人們認為它不適合作為建築基地使用，而新DAC大樓的設計也被如此判定。BLOX跨越主環路從上至下加強公共連接，它聯繫了議會區域和港口，並將文化活力帶向岸邊。停車空間成為人們駐足的空間，穿行空間成為居住空間。
The Old Brewery site, split by one of Copenhagen’s main ring roads, did not register as a building site until the design of the new DAC identified it as such. Straddling the road, making public connections both above and below, BLOX connects the parliament district with the harbour front and brings culture to the water’s edge. A space for cars becomes a space for people; a space to pass through becomes a space to reside.
鳥瞰全景 ©OMA
概念草圖 ©OMA
基地總圖 ©OMA
剖面示意圖 ©OMA
©Delfino Sisto Legnani & Marco Cappelletti
跨越環路的BLOX ©Richard John Seymour
©Delfino Sisto Legnani & Marco Cappelletti
哥本哈根市港口擁有長久的工業和軍事歷史。在這塊被重新利用的建築基地上，最初建造了一組釀酒類建築，但在20世紀60年代被完全燒毀。從那之後，港口轉變為一些丹麥知名建築地標的所在地。這裡線性地展現了丹麥現代主義原則：紀念性、簡潔性與謙恭性。BLOX注入了新的活力：創造了水域邊、Kierkegaard廣場和城市之間的碰撞。BLOX的方形體量，沿著港口岸邊創造了一個與黃色傳統建築物相對立地遮蔽式公共城市廣場，並為現存圖書館廣場打造了一個公共立面。
The Copenhagen inner harbour has a long industrial and military history. On reclaimed land, the building site initially housed a cluster of brewery buildings which burnt to the ground in the 1960s. Since then the harbour has become the home of some of Denmark's most notable architectural icons; a linear display of the tenets of Danish Modernism: monumentality, simplicity and politeness.BLOX adds a new impulse: creating an encounter between the water frontages, Kierkegaard's Square and the city. Its square volume, positioned directly along the harbourside, creates a sheltered public city square against the traditional yellow buildings and a much needed built front for the existing library square.
©Delfino Sisto Legnani & Marco Cappelletti
©Rasmus Hjortshoj
遮蔽式公共城市廣場 ©Rasmus Hjortshoj
哥本哈根的多數城市區塊通常是內向且不可接近的，與它們相對，BLOX融合了城市生活。穿過BLOX的城市道路帶動了城市和該建築之間難以預料的交互，城市道路連接了不同類型的博物館、圖書館以及富有文化盛名的城堡島周邊的歷史遺蹟。沿著港口的線性停車場位於岸壁水平線以下並穿過建築體。位於BLOX前部的遊樂場被融入新建築中，成為一個被局部覆蓋並呈階梯狀的公共空間，在夜幕降臨時它將作為公共集會大廳轉變為開放影院。
Contrary to most city blocks in Copenhagen – often introverted and inaccessible – the building absorbs the city’s life. The urban routes through the building lead to unexpected and unpredictable interactions between the building and the city, linking the different museums, libraries and historical sites around the culturally rich Slotsholmen area. A linear park along the harbour flows down below water level along the quay wall and through the building. The former playground is incorporated into the new building, as a partially covered and terraced public space, which can be transformed in the evening into an open-air cinema acting as a public foyer.
©Hans Werlemann
©Delfino Sisto Legnani & Marco Cappelletti
建築的外部以布局不同的相似幾何體塊堆疊而成。白色熔料覆蓋下的矩形環玻璃立面包裹著辦公室。首層功能分布在不同的建築體塊中，由此產生了始於公眾入口的空隙空間，從而將城市納入了建築核心。公寓體塊因隱秘性需要而設計得碎片化和凹凸化。景觀階梯包圍著DAC的中央頂光。這座建築的彩色肌理微妙地回應了長久漂浮於水紋反射光中的港口海之音。
The building’s exterior is marked by a stacking of the same geometric forms in different arrangements. The offices are contained in a rectangular ring of glass facades shaded in a white frit. The ground floor functions are located in separate volumes generating openings which form the public entrances and bring the city in to the center of the building. The apartment volumes are fragmented and recessed for privacy, the landscaped terraces encircle the DAC’s central rooflight. The building’s coloured textures subtly echo the sea tones of the harbour, ever-present in the reflected light of the water.
體塊堆疊 ©OMA
©Delfino Sisto Legnani & Marco Cappelletti
空隙空間©Hans Werlemann
©Rasmus Hjortshoj
©OMA Adrianne Fisher
©Rasmus Hjortshoj
©Delfino Sisto Legnani & Marco Cappelletti
DAC本身構成了BLOX項目的核心，被放置在中央部分，由住房、辦公室和停車場等其他功能所包圍和融合。從地下層開始向上直到坐擁哥本哈根全景的咖啡廳，它們被組織成垂直系列空間縱貫整個建築。
The DAC itself forms the core of the BLOX Project, positioned in the centre, surrounded by and embedded within its objects of study: housing, offices and parking. It is organized as a vertical sequence of spaces running through the building, starting below ground and moving upwards to the cafe with its view over all of Copenhagen.
功能布局示意圖 ©OMA
Ellen van Loon認為：「BLOX的設計樂觀地接納了其基地內存在的基礎設施建設挑戰。通過對都市功能的徹底混合，我們模糊了不同項目之間的界限。BLOX以DAC為建築中心，周邊環繞的是住宅、辦公室和停車場，它們長期處於流動之中，連接多樣的功能、多元的使用者。」OMA長期致力於設計積極與城市交融的複雜文化建築，BLOX是OMA在這方面的延續，且是OMA在斯堪地那維亞完成的第一個建築。它標誌著繼荷蘭政府部門大樓（2017年）和中央高等電力工程學院（2017年）後， Ellen van Loon在兩年內完成的第三個公共建築物。
Ellen van Loon: 「BLOX is a building that embraces the infrastructural challenges of its context. By radically intermingling urban functions, we blur the boundaries between the different programs. The DAC is at the heart of the building, surrounded by its objects of study: housing, offices and parking – permanently in flux, connecting various uses and users together, almost by chance.」 BLOX is a continuation of OMA ’s long term interest in complex cultural buildings that actively engage with the city, and is the first completed OMA project in Scandinavia. It marks the opening of the third public building led by Ellen van Loon in two years』 time, following Rijnstraat 8 (2017) and Lab City (2017).
基地總圖 ©OMA
一層平面圖 ©OMA
二層平面圖 ©OMA
二層夾層平面圖 ©OMA
三層平面圖 ©OMA
四層平面圖 ©OMA
五層平面圖 ©OMA
六層平面圖 ©OMA
七層平面圖 ©OMA
負一層平面圖 ©OMA
負二層平面圖 ©OMA
剖面圖 ©OMA
立面圖1、2 ©OMA
立面圖3、4 ©OMA
設計委託：2006年
施工日期：2013年
建築完工：2017年12月
投入使用：2018年3月
業主：Realdania
客戶：Realdania By og Byg
項目地址： 丹麥，哥本哈根，啤酒廣場
設計管理：OMA統籌設計諮詢，建築& 室內，家具除外
OMA合作者：Ellen van Loon
OMS項目負責人：Adrianne Fisher / Chris van Duijn
分包商合作
電力工程：Arup with Cowi - Structures, Building Services, Fire, Traffic, Sustainability
外立面：Arup Façade Engineering
成本與風險：Aecom
聲學設計：Royal Haskoning DHV
舞美：Ducks Scéno
燈光設計：Les Éclaireurs
景觀設計：Kragh & Berglund
娛樂場地：1:1 Landskab / Carve
自動化停車場諮詢：Niras
承包商：Züblin A/S
立面承包商：Metallbau Früh
機動停車場承包商：Lödige Industries
用地面積：11,500平方米
總建築面積/使用面積：28,000平方米/18,000平方米
編輯｜易智麗（實習生）
視覺｜李夢迪
校對｜林楚傑
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