CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: Here we go with a brand-new edition of CNN 10. I'm Carl Azuz. First story today is about a warning (n. 警告) from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (美國聯邦調查局). It's telling Americans to be on guard (警惕) against disinformation (n. 假情報；虛假信息) in the upcoming presidential election. This information is not only false information or fake news.
It's false information that's spread intentionally (adv. 故意地；有意地) to influence the public or cause instability (n. 不穩定；不安定) and the FBI says people in other countries may be trying to spread disinformation when it comes to the results of the election.
That's scheduled to (預計；預期) take place on November 3rd. Most of the time Americans know the winner on election night. There's no law that requires results then. It's tradition but especially this year, results may not be known on November 3rd because of greater interest in mail-in voting.
In the past, most Americans have voted in person (親自) at polling places. The PEW Research Center says the share of mailed in ballots was just over 20 percent in 2016. But that's been rising steadily since 1996 and it's expected to increase more in this election because of concerns about the possible spread of corona virus at public polling places.
With mail-in voting (郵寄投票), state governments may not receive all of their ballots by election night and it may take a while (需要一段時間) to count them once they do come in. So what the FBI is concerned about (關心；擔心) is disinformation being spread while Americans wait for national results.
The agency's director has said there's evidence that Russia is trying to interfere (v. 幹涉；妨礙) in the election. The Trump Administration said Chinese interference is a major threat as well. Both of these countries have denied involvement (n. 參與；牽連) in U.S. elections but the FBI says to protect themselves,
Americans should get their election information through trustworthy (adj. 可靠的，信賴的) sources like official government websites. Especially if they hear about delayed voting or results and the FBI cautions (v. 警告；勸告) people to watch out for unverified info on social media. As far as election night goes, one state that often gives a good indication of national results is Florida.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
HARRY ENTEN, CNN SENIOR POLITICAL WRITER AND ANALYST: Shalom folks. I'm Harry Enten, a senior political writer and analyst here at CNN. And we're going to talk about the importance of swing states particularly the biggest daddy of them all, Florida.
Because of the Electoral College (總統選舉團), a candidate (n. 候選人) who doesn't win in the swing states is not going to become president even if they win more votes nationwide.
And when it comes to the swing states, perhaps no swing state (搖擺州) is more important than Florida. No Republican has won the presidency without winning Florida since Calvin Coolidge in 1924 and only Democrats John Kennedy in 1960 and Bill Clinton in 1992 have ever won the presidency without carrying the Sunshine State.
Indeed, very few states have voted more like the nation than Florida over the past five elections. In 2020, it looks like Florida's going to play a key role once again.
DONALD TRUMP, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: It is called the state of Florida. It's a great state.
ENTEN: So why does Florida vote a lot like the nation? It's because it looks a lot like it. If you look at the likely electorate come 2020, white voters in Florida will make up (組成；佔據) a very similar percentage that they do nationwide.
And when it comes to black and Hispanic voters, Florida is the only one of the major swing states in which they'll likely make up at least 10 percent of the electorate.
But perhaps the most important reason to pay so much attention to Florida is that it will count it's votes very, very quickly. All votes by mail with just a few exceptions have to be in by the time polls close.
That's very much unlike a lot of the other important swing states. Given that Florida so closely represents the country, it could be an early indication (n. 跡象；象徵) of how voters feel this election.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
AZUZ: 10 Second Trivia. What happens when meteorologists (n. 氣象學家) run out of storm names in a hurricane season? Do they recycle old names, use the Greek alphabet, use the NATO alphabet or start next year's list. If all names are used in a single season's list, meteorologists turn to the Greek alphabet.
That happened this year after Tropical Storm Wilfred, the last name on the list formed on September 18th. Two more storms followed, Alpha and Beta.
The second of which flooded Houston and other parts of southeast Texas this week. The need for Greek names doesn't come up often.
Since storms started getting names in 1953, meteorologists only ran out one other time in 2005 when there were a record 27 named storms. This year there've been 23 so far. That includes Tropical Storm (熱帶風暴) Paulette which is said to be back from the dead like a zombie (n. 行屍走肉；木訥呆板的人).
It hit Bermuda as a Category 1 hurricane and strengthened to Category 2 status on September 14th but then it lost strength and speed over the Atlantic and wondered as a low-pressure system until Monday.
That's when Paulette regained strength and its tropical storm status a few hundred miles from the Azores Islands. A CNN meteorologist says zombie storms are rare (adj. 稀有的) but they have happened before.
OK. This next story is going to give you something to holler(v. 大喊) about. We'd tell you to holler if you'd heard this one before but you probably haven't unless you're from Spivey's Corner, North Carolina. Here's how farmers used to communicate across the countryside.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: (Inaudible)
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: (Inaudible)
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: (Inaudible)
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: (Inaudible)
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: (Inaudible)
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: My name is Charlie Peacock (ph).
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Robbie Goodman (ph).
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: My name is Sheila Fry (ph). I am a 10 time --
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Six time --
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Two time -- champ of the National Hollerin' Contest of Spivey's Corner, North Carolina.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Hollerin' is a controlled sound that farmers used to communicate with one another before they had modern conveniences like electricity or telephones.
(INAUDIBLE)
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Hollers had a certain rhythm and a modulation that would create an echo that would travel over a long distance. But there isn't just one type of holler.
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: There are actually four types of hollers. Number one, functional. It serves a purpose. (inaudible). Such as calling down to a field or calling up from a field when you needed something.
Number two, communicative. You're communicating a message such as good morning, good evening. Number three, distress (ph). You need help. Number four, expressive, just for sheer (adj. 純粹的；絕對的) fun. Many times that could be in the form of tunes or ditties.
(INAUDIBLE)
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: These types of hollers were what the judges were looking for at the National Hollering Contest.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The first ever National Hollering Contest was in 1969. It was started to raise funds for the local fire department. It became a nationwide hit. Hey, that's me. I won the (inaudible) division in 1978. My holler was a distress holler. It sounded like a siren.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: And I'm proud to be a winner.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Everybody had their own twist that they put on it. The National Hollerin' Contest ran for about 48 years until 2015. We created the Worldwide Hollerin' Festival that's located in Hope Mill to try to preserve (v. 保護；保存) and keep the tradition of hollerin' alive.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Hollerin' is an important piece of culture in this region because it helps us remember our past. We can also appreciate the modern conveniences that we have today.
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Hollerin' is part of simpler times and it's just something that we need to treasure (v. 珍惜) because we need to know our history.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: I love hollerin' because it brings the community together and just the fellowship (n. 團體；友誼) that you have with -- with one another. We want to keep that tradition alive.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
AZUZ: Seems old technology has been knocking out (擊敗) new technology in the nation of Wales. For the last 18 months, the broadband internet has been crashing every day at 7am in a Welsh village.
No one could figure out (查明；弄清) why. A team of engineers then detected a burst of electoral interference coming from a single house when the resident turned on an old TV each morning. Engineers say anything electrical can impact (v. 影響) broadband connections.
So people should keep their "antenna" up. Stay tuned in and screen for anything that could "cat odiously" diffuse such a high volume of other information channels. TV puns. They're always worth the "UHeffort". I'm Carl Azuz. Lawton High School is in Lawton, Oklahoma. Let's go Wolverines.
If you are watching from a classroom, either real or virtual (adj. 虛擬的) and you'd like to get your school announced on CNN 10. Go to CNN10.com and click on this here link.
That will take you to our official You Tube channel and if you subscribe (v. 訂閱) and leave a comment on our most recent show, the most recent edition of CNN 10. You could hear your school announced tomorrow on CNN.
Swing states are those in which neither major political party holds a lock on the outcome of presidential elections. The term can also be used to describe a state whose electoral votes have a high probability of being the deciding factor in a presidential election.
Swing states are also sometimes referred to as battleground states. More than a dozen states are considered swing states, and most of them hold a large number of electoral votes and are considered major prizes in presidential elections.
搖擺州是美國大選中的一個特有說法，指的競選雙方勢均力敵，都無明顯優勢的州，在歷屆大選中經常會倒向不同的政黨，頻頻搖擺。這些「搖擺州」的選票一般都是競選雙方爭奪的重點，尤其是「關鍵搖擺州」的選票，最終往往可以決定大選的結果。
virtual
adj. 虛擬的
subscribe
v. 訂閱
treasure
v. 珍惜
preserve
v. 保護；保存
sheer
adj.純粹的；絕對的
involvement
n. 參與；牽連
in person
親自
on guard
警惕(+ against)
be scheduled to
預計做....；預期
be concerned about
關心；擔心
◍ ☾
漫遊人類星球 尋找美好事物
Roaming the human planet looking for good things
編輯 I 沈明奇
審核 I 史靖禕
指導教師 I 冷儉