Hello I'm Emma from mmmEnglish. Welcome to the first mmmEnglish lesson of 2020.
大家好，我是Emma，這裡是 Emma 的美味英語頻道。歡迎大家來到2020年的第一節美味英語課程。
Today I want to inject some new expressions into your vocabulary, expanding your knowledge with some new idioms and some phrasal verbs.
You're about to learn some advanced expressions that will help you sound smart and interesting in English conversations but watching this video is not enough.
今天，我想在大家的詞彙表中注入一些新的表達方式，用一些新的習語和短語動詞來擴展大家的知識面。大家將會學習一些高級的表達方式，這些內容可以幫助大家在英語會話中聽起來更加聰明而且更加有趣，但是僅僅是觀看該視頻並不夠哦。
You need to put them into practice so get ready to type. I'll be inviting you all the way through this video to write sentences in the comments below.
大家需要將它們付諸實踐，所以準備好打字吧。在整個視頻裡面，我會一直讓大家在下面的評論區造句。
Before we get started, a quick shout out to our friends at Lingoda who've made it possible for us to bring you today's lesson.
If you've already decided that 2020 is the year to take your speaking skills to the next level, then why not jump right in and get it done faster by joining the next Lingoda Language sprint?
在我們開始之前，我需要為我們的朋友 Lingoda 打個 call，是它的贊助讓今天的課程使之成為可能。如果大家已經決定了2020年是英語口語能力更上一層樓的一年，那麼為什麼不加入下一次的Lingoda語言衝刺來更快地完成這個目標呢？
I can't think of a better way for you to start the year, especially if you register for the Super Sprint, which is a massive thirty classes a month for three months and if you complete every class, Lingoda will reward you with a 100% refund of your payment.
Now if you don't have enough time for the Super Sprint, you also have the option to do the regular Sprint, which is fifteen classes a month, also for three months, very achievable!
我簡直是想不出一種更好的方式來開始新的一年了，尤其是如果大家註冊的是超級衝刺跑的話，這就是一個體量龐大的項目，要在三個月的時間內，每月參加30節課程。如果你完成了所有課程的話，Lingoda將全額退款作為獎勵。
如果你沒有足夠的時間參加超級衝刺跑的話，還可以選擇進行常規的衝刺跑，這是每月十五節課，也是三個月的時間，可行性非常高呢！
And if you complete every class, you'll get a 50% refund. Guys, this is an awesome race that I would love to see you win, you'll accelerate your speaking skills your confidence and your fluency in a short space of time and set yourself up for a really fantastic year ahead.
如果你完成了每節課程的話，可以獲得50％的退款呢。朋友們，這是一場非常了不起的比賽，我非常希望能夠看到大家贏得比賽，大家將在短時間內提高自己的口語能力、自信心和流利度，為超棒的一年奠定基礎。
I've taken this challenge before and you've probably heard me say that it was one of the best things that I ever did for my confidence to speak Spanish. It's not just that the classes are available 24/7 or that they have native teachers and recognised certifications.
我之前接受過這項挑戰，大家可能已經聽我說過了，這是我為了提升說西班牙語的信心所做過的最好的事情之一了呢。它不僅擁有全天候上的課程安排，還擁有母語教師，還可以獲得證書。
For me, it was really about being held accountable. It was urging me to show up every single day and keep improving my Spanish speaking skills.
對我來說，這實際上就是在督促我要承擔責任。它敦促我每天出現，並不斷提高我的西班牙語能力。
And you can do the same in English, business English German and French too. Registrations for the Sprint are closing on the 27th of January so as always, I'm gonna put the link in the description below.
同樣也可以學習英語，商務英語，德語和法語。衝刺跑的註冊將於1月27日截止，因此，一如既往，我將在以下說明中添加連結。
If you use this code right here you'll get a cool ten euro discount at the checkout. Alright, let's get started with these advanced English expressions that you can use in everyday conversations starting with 'on the whole. . . '
如果大家在此處使用此代碼，則可以在結帳時獲得十歐元的優惠。好吧，讓我們開始學習這些日常對話中可以使用的高級英語表達吧，從 'on the whole...' 這個詞組開始。
Now this is a really useful expression when you're generalising about something and you're coming to a conclusion. So once you've considered everything, the good and the bad, you know we generalise and we say that this is generally how we feel about the situation.
當你要對某件事情進行概括總結，並得出結論的時候，這是一個非常實用的表達。一旦你考慮過某件事情，包括好的方面和不好的方面，我們會進行總結，我們會說這就是我們對於這個情況大致的看法。
Sometimes, my brother and I have disagreements but on the whole, we get on really well. So considering the good and the bad we mostly get on well.
有時候呢，我哥哥和我會有些分歧，但是總的來說，我們的相處還是很不錯的。考慮了好的方面和不好的方面，我們通常相處得都是很好的。
On the whole, it was a great speech. Yeah there were a couple of things that could be improved but on the whole, the speech was quite good.
總的來說，是一場非常精彩的演講。確實有一些地方可以改進，但是總的來說，這個演講還是很好的。
So with this expression, it's not necessary to go into detail about the negative things, you don't have to because the expression already tells us that something wasn't or isn't perfect. And let's face it, not many things in life are perfect right?
用這個表達的時候，沒有必要非常詳細地說負面的東西，沒有必要這樣做，因為這個表達告訴我們已經告訴我們某件事情並不是完美的。讓我們面對現實吧，生活中沒多少東西是完美的，對吧？
So this expression is a really useful one to know. On second thoughts.
所以這個表達真的非常有用呢。再次考慮。
Now we use this one when we change our mind about something and it's usually only used in spoken English.
It's not very common to see it in written English because it's a tool to help you change your mind in the middle of a conversation, to change whatever it is you just said usually to the opposite.
當我們改變對於某件事情的想法的時候，我們就會使用這個表達，它通常一般只用在英語口語中。在英語書面語中並不是非常常見，因為這是在對話中幫助你改變主意的一個工具，完全改變剛才說的話。
I'll meet you at the office after lunch. On second thoughts, let's just go there now.
我們午飯後在辦公室見吧。想了一下，我們現在就去吧。
So can you see how we use this as a tool to change what we said in the middle of a conversation, to change your mind. Imagine if someone offered you a beer and you said "No thanks, but I'd love a coffee."
大家可以看到我們是如何使用這個短語作為改變我們在對話中說的話的工具，是怎麼用它來改變自己的想法了吧。想像一下，如果有人給了你啤酒，你說「不用了，謝謝，我想要咖啡。」
But then you quickly changed your mind. Actually, on second thoughts I'd love a beer!
但是你很快改變了主意。其實，我想了一下，我想要啤酒呢！
At the end of the day. This is such a good expression to know and to use.
到頭來；歸根結底。這是大家可以了解可以使用的一個非常好的表達。
We use it to summarise what's most important in the end. At the end of the day, what matters most is that we're all together.
我們使用它在最後的時候來總結一下什麼是最重要的。歸根結底，最重要的是我們在一起。
So it doesn't really matter whatever else has happened before. Perhaps there was chaos and there was arguments within the family but when everyone sits down to share a meal, at the end of the day, what's most important is that we're here together.
之前發生了什麼其實並不怎麼重要。也許家庭內部會有一些紛亂和爭執，但是當所有人都坐下來分享一頓飯的時候，說到底，最重要的還是我們還在一起。
We usually use it when we're talking about what happens or what's important after a whole series of events or considerations. Even though it was the children who caused the damage, at the end of the day, the teacher is responsible for what happens in the classroom.
在一一系列的事情或者是思考之後，當我們談論發生了什麼，或者是什麼是最重要的時候，我們通常會使用這個表達。即使造成破壞的是孩子們，最終要對教室裡面發生的事情負責的還是老師。
Off the top of my head. This is a really useful expression to use when you respond to something immediately without thinking too much about your answer.
不假思索。當你立刻回應某件事情，沒有怎麼思考答案的時候，這是一個非常實用的表達。
So if someone asked "What percentage of the population lives in the city?" Off the top of my head, I'd say about 70%.
如果有人問：「有多少人口在城市中居住？」我脫口而出說百分之七十。
How many hectares of forest and bush land were burned in the bushfires? Off the top of my head, I think more than six million hectares have been burned so far.
大火燒毀了多少公頃的森林和叢林呢？不假思索地，我覺得到目前為止已經有超過六百萬公頃的土地被燒毀了。
Now you can also use this expression in the negative when you're trying to think of something but you can't remember. There's a really great Italian restaurant.
這個表達也可以用在負面的情境中，當你努力去做某件事情，但是卻想不起來的時候。有一家很棒的義大利餐廳。
I can't think of the name off the top of my head. To be in or out of the loop.
但是我想不起來名字了。在局內/在局外。
This is a really interesting expression. The loop is about being informed and knowing what's happening so if you're in the loop then you know what's going on, you're good.
這是一個非常有趣的表達。「循環」就是被告知，了解發生了什麼，所以如果你「在循環內」的話，那你就知道發生了什麼，這很好。
But if you're out of the loop, you don't know what's going on. I wasn't in the office last week so I feel like I'm out of the loop. What's been happening?
如果你「在循環外」的話，你就是不知道發生了什麼。我上周沒來辦公室，所以我感覺自己什麼都不知道了。發生了什麼呢？
And we commonly use it when we're instructing someone to tell us information and we often use it with the verb 'keep' so we say "Can you please keep me in the loop?" Or "Paul needs to be kept in the loop.
當我們讓某個人告訴我們某些信息的時候，我們就會使用它，而且我們通常會把它和「keep」這個動詞搭配，所以我們會說：「你能告知我嗎？」或者是「保羅需要知道發生了什麼。
Make sure you tell him what's going on." To be out of touch.
記得一定要告訴他發生了什麼哦。」不了解最新情況。
Have you heard this one before? It's used to describe someone who doesn't really have current or up-to-date knowledge about something, anything, so this is quite a negative expression.
你之前聽過這個表達嗎？這是用來表述某個人對於某件事情最新的發展並不了解的，所以這是個負面的表達。
It's really common to hear it used in a political context or even when children are talking about their parents because it's when they think that someone doesn't really understand the present issues because they're stuck in an older way of thinking.
Many young people feel that politicians are out of touch.
經常會聽到它在政治語境中使用，或者是當孩子討論他們的父母的時候，因為他們覺得某些人並不理解當前的情況，因為他們的思考方式非常老舊。很多年輕人覺得政治家與時代脫節了。
I'm getting quite touchy here. To touch base.
我生氣了。和某人噴狗。
A Belgian friend of mine once told me that he was really weirded out by this expression, like it sounds creepy which I never really thought of before but I guess it kind of does sound a little creepy but the meaning is not creepy.
If you touch base with someone, you simply connect with them or you reconnect with someone that you already know.
我的一個比利時的朋友之前告訴過我，他覺得這個表達很奇怪，聽起來有點讓人毛骨悚然，我之前都沒有想到過，但是我覺得可能聽起來有點毛骨悚然吧，但是它的意思並不嚇人哦。如果你和某人「touch base」的話，你就是和他們取得聯繫，或者是和你之前認識的人重新取得了聯繫。
So usually you're reconnecting about a particular topic or about a particular issue. So for that reason, it's really commonly used in the workplace.
通常來說是就一個特定的話題或者是特定的問題碰頭。所以呢，它通常被用在工作情境中。
So when you're working on a project with someone and you're gonna do some research separately before you come back together to write your report, this would be really useful. Why don't we get started on our research, and then touch base again later in the week?
當你和某個人一起進行某個項目的事情，在重新回來一起工作寫報告之前，你需要單獨做點研究，這個表達是非常有用的。為什麼我們不開始做點研究，然後這周晚些時間再碰個頭呢？
Do you have to touch base with anyone when you're at work? Like where you do things separately but then you come back together to share what you've been doing.
當你工作的時候，你是否需要和其他人碰頭呢？比如說你們會先自己做事情，但是後面會回來分享自己在做什麼。
What types of things do you have to touch base about? See if you can share some of them in the comments below.
你們需要就什麼類型的事情碰頭呢？大家可以在評論區分享一下呢。
To be struck by something. This is a really great way of explaining that something has impressed you.
被打動，被觸動。這是解釋某件事情讓你印象非常深刻的很好的方式。
I was struck by how beautiful the forest looked at dawn. So I'm suggesting that the beauty of the forest stopped me.
我被黎明之時森林的美麗所深深震撼。我的意思是森林之美讓我沉醉。
I was mesmerised for a moment. When you visit a city and you notice something interesting or unusual, then this expression will help you to sound really intelligent when you share it.
我當下沉迷了片刻。當你遊覽一個城市，注意到有趣的或者是不同尋常的事情的時候，那麼當你分享的時候，這個表達能夠幫助你聽起來更高級。
I was struck by just how few trees and parks there were in the city. In the wake of the bushfires, we were struck by how resilient the community was.
我被現在城市裡寥寥可數的樹木和公園所震驚。森林大火之後，我們被社區超強的適應能力所震撼。
Now this phrasal verb has another common use because it can mean to be hit by something. The cyclist was struck by a passing car.
這個動詞短語還有另外一個常見的用法，它還有個意思是被某個東西打了。自行車手被一輛過路的汽車撞了。
And commonly this is how it's used in the news, so if you read the English news quite a bit, then I'm sure you'll see this phrasal verb in use. To be sure of one's self.
新聞中一般會這樣使用，所以如果你經常閱讀英語新聞的話，那麼你肯定看到這個動詞短語。對自己很肯定。
If you're sure of something, then you're quite certain about it right? You're confident that it's true but did you know that you can also use this expression to talk about how a person feels about themselves?
如果你對某件事情很肯定的話，那麼你就是對它很確定對吧？你很自信這是真的，但是你知道你也可以使用這個表達來談論一個人對自己的感覺嗎？
It means that you're quite confident in your own ability. You're very sure of yourself but usually it's an observation that you make about someone else.
它的意思是你對自己的能力很自信。你對自己很自信，但是通常表達的是你對別人的觀察。
If they seem confident like they know what they're doing, then they're very sure of themselves. So the way to use this expression is with the 'be' verb.
如果他們看起來很自信的話，知道他們在做什麼，那麼他們就是對自己非常自信。這個表達的使用方式是和動詞『be』連用。
She is quite sure of herself. But probably even more often, we use the verb 'seem' or 'appear'.
她對自己很自信。但是可能更經常的是，我們會使用『seem』或者是『appear』。
He seems quite sure of himself. Or they appear to be quite sure of themselves.
他看起來很自信。或者是他們看起來對自己很有信心。
To hang in there. Now we use this expression when we're trying to tell someone that they need to remain persistent and determined in really difficult circumstances.
堅持下去，別洩氣。當我們在試著告訴別人他們需要在非常困難的情境下要繼續保持堅持堅定的態度的話，就會使用這個單詞。
So this expression is a really good one to use when you're offering sympathy or encouragement to someone who is having difficulties. So when you use it, you're telling them keep going. You can do it!
當你向正處於困境的人表達同情或者是鼓勵的時候，這個表達很好用。所以當你使用的時候，你告訴他們要堅持下去。你可以的！
You know, persist. I know that it's difficult right now but you'll make it through, so it's a really reassuring expression.
你懂得，要堅持。我知道現在的情況很艱難，但是你會挺過去的，所以這是個安慰人的表達。
If your friend is having some difficulties at work, maybe their boss is frustrating them or they've started talking about quitting for some reason, you could say "Hang in there, mate. You'll be right!" That was a really Australian expression.
如果你的朋友在工作中遇到困難的話，可能是他們的老闆讓他們非常心煩，或者是他們開始談論因為某個原因要辭職，你可以說：「堅持下去，朋友。你會挺過去的！」這是個非常具有澳大利亞風味的表達。
"Hang in there mate. You'll be right!" 'You'll be right' means you'll be okay.
「堅持一下，朋友。事情會變好的！」「You'll be right」意思是你會變好的。
To get your head around something. When you get your head around something, you understand it.
理解某件事情。當你「get your head around something」的時候，意思就是你理解了這件事情。
It's taken me a while to get my head around it but now I've got it. It's been difficult for all of us to get our head around the scale of the Australian bushfires.
我花了一段時間才理解了這件事，但是現在我已經懂了。我們花了很長時間才了解澳大利亞森林大火的規模。
Have you got your head around these different expressions yet? It might take you a little while.
你們理解了這些不同的表達了嗎？可能要花上一點時間。
They're quite advanced English expressions and it's definitely challenging to use them fluently in conversations. There's lots of idioms, lots of phrasal verbs so they're going to take a bit of practice.
它們是比較高級的英語表達，要在對話中流利地使用它們可是很有難度的。有很多的習語，有很多的動詞短語，所以它們需要練習。
But you'll get there, hang in there. Alright so here's your challenge.
但是你們會達成目標的，堅持下去吧。好的，挑戰來了。
If you can use five of these expressions together in a paragraph, I want to read it in the comments below. I want you to practise writing a little story that focuses on bringing a few of these expressions together in one place.
如果你們可以在一段話中使用其中的五個表達的話，我希望可以在下方的評論區讀到。我想讓大家練習寫一個小故事，將這些表達都放到裡面。
Like I said at the start of the lesson, watching is not enough. To remember these expressions you need to put them into practice and actually use them.
就像我在本節課程剛開始的時候說的那樣，單單是看是不夠的。要記住這些表達，你需要將它們運用到實踐之中，真正地使用它們。
I hope that you enjoyed this lesson and that you subscribe to my channel just down here. I've got new lessons every week.
我希望大家喜歡這節課程，希望大家訂閱我的頻道，就在下方。我每周都會發布新的課程。
2020 is here and I'm excited to help you improve your speaking skills throughout the year ahead. So to keep practising with me right now, you know where to find me.
2020 年已經到來，我對幫助大家在新的一年提升口語技能感到非常的激動。想要和我一起繼續練習的話，你們知道該去哪裡找我。