You've heard of silent letters in English but what about silent syllables?
I'm Emma from mmmEnglish and today we're going to practise natural English pronunciation.
你聽說過英文中不發音的單詞，但是不發音的音節呢？
我是 Emma，歡迎來到美味英語頻道，今天我們要練習自然英語的發音。
I've got a heap of really common everyday English words that you might be pronouncing a little awkwardly.
So we're going to practise the pronunciation of individual words but we'll also practise these words in longer sentences, so we can focus on your speaking fluency as well.
我有很多非常常見的，但是你的發音可能有點點不標準的每日英語單詞。
所以我們要練習單個單詞的發音，但我們也會練習更長一點的句子中這些單詞的發音，這樣我們同時也可以提升你的流利度。
So get ready, we're about to dive in!
So we're talking about syllables today and just in case you're a little unsure about what that means, this is a unit of pronunciation, it includes a vowel sound and often has some surrounding consonant sounds like cat has one syllable.
準備好，我們要開始啦！
我們今天談論的是音節，以防萬一你不確定那是什麼意思，音節是發音單位，其中會包含一個元音，通常旁邊會有輔音，比如說，「貓」就有一個音節。
Healthy has two syllables. Enormous has three syllables and so on, but what am I talking about silent syllables for?
「健康」有兩個音節。「巨大的」有三個音節，依此類推，但是我說的不發音的音節是什麼呢？
Let me give you an example of one of the words that I'm talking about.
How many syllables does it have?
讓我用我在說的一個單詞來給大家舉個例子。
它有幾個音節？
You might have said three and I can't blame you for that at all, it looks like there should be three, right?
But when spoken naturally, native speakers usually reduce the pronunciation of this word down to just two syllables.
你可能說有三個，我完全不能怪你，這看起來應該有三個音節，對吧？
但是在自然發音中，英語母語者會將其減少到兩個音節。
Natural. And it's the same with naturally.
自然。自然地也是如此。
Most of my students will pronounce naturally with four syllables right but when a native speaker says this word out loud, usually you'll only hear three syllables, naturally.
So I can already hear you asking "Emma, does this mean that every native speaker always says 'naturally' with three syllables?"
我的大多數學生在說「自然地」的時候會發四個音節，但是當一個母語者大聲說出這個詞的時候，通常你只會聽到三個音節，自然地。
我已經可以聽到你在問了：「Emma，這是不是意味著所有的母語者在說「自然地」的時候都是發三個音節呢？」
No, but usually we do because it's easier to pronounce fewer syllables and it helps us to speak more quickly so this happens quite a lot.
But the problem is that until you hear a native speaker say this word, you can't possibly know about the different types of pronunciation, the spelling doesn't change.
並不是，但通常我們會這樣做，是因為發更少的音節更容易，而且這能幫助我們說的更快，所以這種情況經常發生。
但是問題是，除非你聽到母語者說這個單詞，否則你不可能知道不同的發音類型，因為拼寫是一樣的。
Even if you do hear a native speaker pronounce all of the syllables, the silent ones that we're talking about today are always a reduced syllable, they're very soft, they're very hard to hear even when spoken naturally.
So if you want to work on your English accent and sound more relaxed and more natural when you speak English then this video is definitely one to keep watching.
即使你確實聽到母語者把所有的音節都給發出來了，我們今天談論的不發音的音節永遠是減輕的音節，非常柔和，即使是這樣發「自然地」的音，它們也很難被聽到。
因此，如果你想讓自己說英語時口音聽起來更輕鬆自然，那麼這個視頻絕對是值得繼續觀看的。
All of the words that I'm sharing today are very, very common words, ones that you are already using all the time so make sure that you are able to practise out loud with me.
This is a pronunciation lesson so I expect you to be saying these words and these sentences out loud as we go through them.
我今天分享的所有單詞都非常非常常用，這些你肯定已經在使用了，所以要確保你能夠和我一起大聲練習哦。
這是一個發音課，所以我希望在我們進行的時候，大家可以大聲地說出這些單詞和句子。
Every. Not every.
每一個。不是每一個。
Just two syllables. So you use this pronunciation every time okay?
只有兩個音節。每次都用這種發音，好嗎？
Once you get the pronunciation down to two syllables, it's going to help you to pronounce so many words. Everyone. Everywhere.
一旦你將發音減少到兩個音節，它會幫助發很多單詞的音。所有人。到處。
Everything. Everyday.
一切。每天。
Every. Business.
每一個。商業。
Now it really does look like there should be three syllables there right but it's not. It's not but business. It's confusing I know.
現在看起來確實應該有那裡有三個音節，但不是。不是但是生意。我知道這很令人困惑。
In fact, when I'm trying to write or type this word out, in my head, I still think to make sure that I get the spelling right and that is after over thirty years of using English as a native English speaker.
So I don't blame you for being a little confused by this language.
實際上，當我試圖在我的腦海中寫下或輸入這個詞的時候，我依然要確保我的拼寫正確無誤，雖然我已經作為一個母語者使用英語三十多年了。所以我不並不會怪你被這種語言搞得有點點困惑。
It's business. Interest.
是商業。利益。
Not interest. Just two syllables.
不是利益。只有兩個音節。
Interest. Chocolate.
利益。巧克力。
All my Filipinas out there this one is for you, not chocolate but chocolate.
So that last syllable is also really short, both vowel sounds in these syllables are really short.
我所有的菲律賓朋友們，這個是專門給你們的，不是巧克力，而是巧克力。
所以最後一個音節也很短，這些音節中的元音都很短。
Chocolate. Aspirin.
巧克力。阿司匹林。
So this is another example where it really looks like there should be three syllables right.
It's just two. Aspirin.
所以這是另一個看起來應該有三個音節的例子。只有兩個。阿司匹林。
So it's always pronounced this way. Aspirin. Wednesday.
所以它總是這樣發音的。阿司匹林。星期三。
I mean I know this one really does seem like you should be pronouncing three syllables.
It's very clear.
我的意思是，我知道這個看起來好像應該讀三個音節。很清楚。
But no. We've got two syllables there and that D is a silent letter, so there's a lot going on here right?
但不是。只有兩個音節，D 是一個不發音的字母，所以這個還挺複雜的，對吧？
Wednesday. Comfortable.
星期三。舒適的。
So it's not comfortable, but just comfortable.
And although you may hear the odd native speaker saying comfortable perhaps in the U. S, it's not very common.
不是舒適的，而是舒適的。
儘管你可能會在美國奇怪的母語者這樣發舒服的音，但並不是很常見。
Most native speakers will just reduce it down and it's the same with this one. Vegetable.
大多數母語者的人會減少音，和這個是一樣的。蔬菜。
Not vegetable. Just three syllables. Vegetable.
不是蔬菜。只有三個音節。蔬菜。
Can I order the vegetable pizza? Different, not different.
我可以點蔬菜披薩嗎？不同，不是不同。
Just two syllables. If I were you, I would choose a different colour.
只有兩個音節。如果我是你，我會選擇其他顏色。
Temperature. So it's not temperature.
溫度。所以不是溫度。
What temperature will it be tomorrow? Politically.
明天溫度是多少？政治上。
Now adverbs like this that end in -ally can be a little tricky because they don't all follow the same rules but politically has only four syllables. It's not politically. Just politically.
以 -ally 結尾的副詞可能有些複雜，因為它們沒有都遵循相同的規則，但「在政治上」只有四個音節，不是政治上。是政治上。
Four syllables. Politically.
四個音節。政治上。
His decision was politically motivated. Practically.
他的決定出於政治動機。幾乎。
Another very common adverb so it's not practically. It's just three syllables.
另一個非常常見的副詞，所以不是「幾乎」。只有三個音節。
Practically. I've practically finished already!
幾乎。我已經快完成了！
Now before we move on, let's practise using some of those words in sentences out loud. So you'll see the sentence come up on the screen.
在我們繼續之前，讓我們一起練習大聲地在句子中使用這些單詞吧。你會看到句子出現在屏幕上。
Don't worry, I'm going to highlight the words that you need to pay attention to and I want you to first read it out loud yourself, then you'll hear me say it so I want you to listen, then repeat again after me.
Are you ready? On Wednesday, I'm cooking roast chicken with vegetables.
不用擔心，我將高亮你需要注意的那些詞，我希望你先大聲朗讀它，然後再聽我說的，所以我要你先聽，然後再跟著我讀。
你準備好了嗎？星期三，我在做烤雞和蔬菜。
Can you bring your chocolate cake for dessert? I'm interested in every business and I'm comfortable speaking to everyone.
你可以帶你的巧克力蛋糕作為甜點嗎？我對每項業務都非常感興趣，而且我很樂意和大家聊天。
I practically melted, the temperature was so high! I wish we visited at a different time of year.
我幾乎要融化了，溫度太高了！我希望我們能在其他的時間來。
So now we're moving into a bit of a grey area.
All of the words from now on in the lesson have two accepted pronunciations so if you are using that extra syllable, you're not wrong.
現在我們進入了一個灰色區域。
這節課從現在開始所有的單詞都有兩個接受的發音，因此，如果把額外的音節給發出來了的話，你並沒有錯。
But most native speakers will use the shorter version because it's easier and it allows us to speak quickly.
Most of my students though will use the longer version because having the extra syllable in there gives them a little bit of extra space when they're when they're speaking — a little bit of extra time.
但是大多數母語者會說較短的版本，因為它更容易，並且可以讓我們說的更快。
不過我的大多數學生會使用更長的版本，因為當他們說話時，多餘的音節會給予他們一點額外的空間——一點額外的時間。
But let's try and simplify the sounds a little, the sounds that you're making when you say these words and try and make it a little bit more efficient. Family.
但是讓我們嘗試簡化發音，簡化這些詞的發音，嘗試使其變得更有效率一點。家庭。
It's a pretty basic word, right? Probably one of the first ones that you learned.
這是一個非常基礎的詞，對吧？可能是你最早學的單詞之一。
I wonder how you've been pronouncing it all this time. Have you added that extra syllable or are you just using two?
我想知道你一直以來都是怎麼念的。你是否添加了額外的音節，還是只發兩個？
You will sometimes hear native speakers pronouncing family with a little schwa syllable in there. Family.
有時你會聽到母語人士發「家庭」的音的時候，會加上一個小小的中元音。家庭。
Sometimes I say it like this, too, so it's not wrong.
But most of the time, native speakers will reduce it down to just two syllables because it's more efficient. It's simple.
有時我也這樣說，這沒錯。但是大多數時候，母語者會將其縮減到兩個音節，因為它效率更高。非常簡單。
Most of my family lives in Melbourne.
Now what's awesome is that you can see in the phonemic script that the extra schwa sound is in brackets right which means it's an optional syllable.
我的家人大多數住在墨爾本。很棒的是，你可以看到在音標中，額外的中元音是在括號中的，這意味著這是一個非強制性的音節。
So if you use the extra syllable, it is a reduced vowel sound, an unstressed sound that's low in pitch.
But you can drop it completely and when we speak quickly, we do.
因此，如果你使用額外的音節，這是一個減弱的元音，非重讀，音調也很低。但是你也可以完全不讀它，當我們說話時很快的時候，我們確實會這樣。
So the syllable becomes silent. It's like it doesn't exist at all.
所以這個音節都不發音了。好像根本不存在一樣。
Keep an eye out for that schwa symbol in brackets. You'll see it in many of the words that come up on the screen now.
請注意括號中的中元音符號。你會在出現在屏幕上的許多單詞中看到它。
You'll also be able to keep an eye out for it in dictionaries as you're looking up new words like this one. Listening.
你還可以在查詞典的時候隨時注意一下，比如說這一個。聽著。
So it's perfectly okay to use three syllables. Listening.
使用三個音節完全可以。聽著。
But to make things quick and simple, native speakers will often reduce it down to just two syllables. It's the same with travelling.
但是為了更加簡單快捷，母語人士通常會將其減少到兩個音節。旅行也一樣。
So you'll hear travelling with that extra schwa sound in the middle. Travelling.
所以你會聽到在旅行這個詞中，中間有一個額外的中元音。旅行。
But to make it more efficient, to speak quickly, reduce it down, cut it out. I was listening to his story about travelling across Australia.
但是要讓它更有效率一點，要快速說出來，減弱它，不要它。我在聽他關於在澳大利亞旅行的故事。
Literally. Or literally.
確實。確實。
So it's really common to hear both of these pronunciations by native speakers. Literally with four syllables and literally with three.
所以聽到母語者發這兩種發音是非常常見的。確實可以發成四個音節或者是三個音節。
So it's more common to hear the four-syllable version in American English and that's to do with specific pronunciation features in that accent.
So you'll hear literally with that flap T sound, right?
所以在美式英語中更能經常聽到四音節的版本，這與美式口音特定的發音特徵有關係。
你能聽到「確實」這個詞的彈舌音 T 對吧？
It sounds more like a D. Very short vowel sounds. Literally.
聽起來更像是 D。非常短的原因。確實。
In the UK, it's more common to hear the three-syllable version. And that's because of that more pronounced T sound right?
在英國，更經常聽到的是三音節版本。那是因為發音更明顯的 T 音，對吧？
That's a feature of their accent. Literally.
這是他們口音的特點。確實。
And here in Australia, we literally use both versions. Literally!
而在澳大利亞，我們實際上這兩種版本都會使用。確實如此！
Because we also use the flap T too. So you can take your pick here.
因為我們也使用彈舌音 T。因此，你可以自己選擇。
Actually. So you'll hear actually with four syllables but actually is way easier with three right, as long as you can make that CH sound easily.
其實。所以你會聽到有四個音節的「其實」，但是其實三個音節更加簡單，只要你可以輕鬆地發出 CH 音就可以。
If it's a little tricky for you, you might prefer to keep four syllables. Actually.
如果這對你來說有點困難的話，那麼你可能更喜歡四個音節的版本。其實。
Actually, I was in Melbourne last year. Favourite.
實際上，我去年在墨爾本。最喜歡的。
So instead of favorite. It's easier, it's faster to use two syllables, so why would you use three?
而不是最喜歡的。使用兩個音節更容易也更快，為什麼要用三個呢？
Memory. So like favourite, both types of pronunciation are common.
記憶。就像最喜歡的一樣，兩種類型的發音都很常見。
Memory with that little extra schwa syllable in the middle. Memory or memory.
中間有小小的額外的中元音的記憶。記憶或記憶。
What's your favourite memory from childhood? Camera.
你小時候最喜歡的記憶是什麼？相機。
So this is another favourite word for native English speakers to shorten. Camera.
所以這是另一個和最喜歡的同類型的詞，英語母語者會將其發音縮短。相機。
Two syllables only. Many of my students will say camera, but camera is definitely much more natural. Camera.
只有兩個音節。我很多學生會說相機，但是相機的發音絕對是更加自然的。相機。
Restaurant. So this word is very commonly pronounced with four or even five syllables in other languages.
餐廳。這個詞通常發四個音節，在其他的語言中甚至發五個音節的音。
French, Spanish, Italian, German, even Japanese.
But in English, you will hear native speakers reduce that down to just two.
法語，西班牙語，義大利語，德語，甚至日語。
但是在英語中，你會聽到以英語為母語的人將其縮減到只有兩個音節。
Restaurant. which is very quick and easy right unless you have trouble with that STR consonant sound like in street and struggle, it can be tricky to have so many consonants together so if you find that a little tricky, stick with restaurant.
餐廳。非常簡單快捷，除非你在 STR 輔音方面有點問題，就像在街頭和鬥爭中一樣，這麼多輔音放在一起可能很難發音，如果你覺得有點困難的話，那就先看餐廳吧。
Try this one with me. I think they allow cameras in the restaurant but you can't take them into the show afterwards.
和我一起試一下這個。我覺得在餐廳是可以用相機的，但是不能帶著相機去看展。
Average. If you're a native English speaker and you use the three-syllable version, please let me know about it in the comments and tell me where you're from because it sounds so odd to me to hear average.
平均。如果你以英語為母語，而且你使用三個音節的版本的話，請在評論中告訴我，告訴我你來自哪裡，因為聽到「平均」的這種發音對我而言非常奇怪。
I'm sure there must be somewhere where they pronounce it that way. Much more common to hear average, two syllables only.
我敢肯定在某個地方肯定是有這種發音的。一般情況下更常聽到平均，只有兩個音節。
Average. Miserable.
平均。悲慘的。
So it looks like there should be four syllables, but we just shorten it to miserable.
This miserable weather is average for this time of year!
看起來應該有四個音節，但是我們會將其縮短為悲慘的。
這種天氣在一年中的這個時候是非常常見的！
Conference. So again, if this word is similar in your native language, you might be used to pronouncing that extra syllable in there.
會議。同樣的，如果這個詞在你的母語中很相似的話，你可能習慣於把多餘的音節給發出來。
The little schwa. But in naturally spoken English, conference is much, much more common.
小小的中元音。但是在自然英語口語中，會議更加常見。
Conference. Several.
會議。一些。
So you might hear again with a little schwa syllable in there. Several.
所以你可能在這裡也會聽到一個小小的中元音。一些。
This is a really handy word actually, it's used to refer to an imprecise number, not an exact number of things or of people, so it's not a really large amount, but it is greater than two, so if you don't want to be specific, it's a great word to know.
But it's very natural to just use several instead.
實際上，這是一個非常好用的詞，它用來指代不明確的數字，事物或者是人的數字並不確定，不是什麼很大的數字，但是比二要大，如果你不想說的很具體的話，這是一個很棒的詞。
但是說幾個的話更加自然。
There are several international speakers speaking at the conference. Separate.
有幾位國際發言人在會議上發言。分離。
Now this one is a little tricky because there is a clear pronunciation difference between the verb separate and the adjective separate.
I go into that in much more detail in this lesson up here, the pronunciation between the verb and the adjective so check it out later if you want to.
這個有一點點難，因為動詞分離和形容詞分開的之間有明顯的發音的差別。
我在這節課程中對此動詞和形容詞的發音做了詳細的講解，如果想看的話，結束之後可以看看哦。
But you may hear a difference in the pronunciation of the adjective form, separate or separate. Separate.
但是你可能會聽到形容詞形式發音的區別，分開的或分開的。分開的。
Very very slight. Catholic.
非常非常細微。天主教的。
This one's tricky because of that TH sound, right?
You might find it easier to keep that extra schwa sound, that extra syllable in there between the TH and the L consonant sound.
因為 TH 音所以這個有點難，對吧？
你可能會覺得保留額外的中元音比較容易，這是輔音 TH 和 L 之間的額外的音節。
So this one, I understand if you having a little bit of trouble with it, but you'll hear Catholic three syllables or Catholic. Shorten it right down to just two.
所以這個呢，我理解大家可能會有點困難，但是你會聽到天主教的，三個音節，或者是天主教的。將其縮短到只有兩個音節。
There are several buildings constructed by the Catholic church in the fifteenth century.
Now it can be a little tricky to realise if you're pronouncing these words one way or the other, so what I encourage you to do is to check the description box down below, I've added all of these words so that you can make your own recording of yourself reading them aloud in that order.
有很多建築是由天主教堂在 15 世紀的時候修建的。
可能有點難去意識到你是在以哪種方式發這些詞的音，所以我希望大家去看一下下方的描述區，我添加了所有的這些單詞，以便你可以錄下來自己朗讀這些單詞的發音。
Then you'll be able to compare them to the way that I'm pronouncing them in this video.
So I'm going to read them out loud one more time, one at a time so that you can listen back to your recording and compare it to mine alright?
然後你就可以把它們和我在視頻中的發音方式進行對比。
所以我要再大聲朗讀一遍，一次一個，以便你可以回頭去聽的錄音，然後和我的進行比較，好嗎？
So this is your homework task. Natural.
這是你的家庭作業。自然的。
Every. Business.
每一個。商業。
Interest. Chocolate.
利益。巧克力。
Aspirin. Wednesday.
阿司匹林。星期三。
Comfortable. Vegetable.
自在的。蔬菜。
Different. Temperature.
不同的。溫度。
Politically. Practically.
政治上。幾乎。
Family. Listening.
家庭。聽著。
Travelling. Literally.
旅行。確實。
Actually. Favourite.
其實。最喜歡的。
Memory. Camera.
記憶。相機。
Restaurant. Average.
餐廳。平均。
Miserable. Conference.
悲慘的。會議。
Several. Separate.
一些。分離的。
Catholic. As I said at the start of this video, pronouncing the extra syllable in all of these words is no big deal at all.
天主教的。正如我在本視頻開頭所說的那樣，把這些單詞裡面額外的音節發出來也不是什麼大問題。
You'll still be understood and of course, that's the most important aspect of communicating in English, right?
This lesson was really about helping you to be more efficient with your language, to help you speed up, sound more natural and relaxed as you speak.
你仍然可以被理解，當然了，這是用英語交流最重要的，對吧？
這節課是為了幫助你在使用語言的時候更加高效，幫助你加快速度，說話時聽起來更自然輕鬆。
Let me know if you've got any questions or comments about this lesson down below and then come and join me in there, right there in that lesson.
如果你有關於這節課的任何疑問或意見的話，請在下方告訴我，然後就和我一起加入這節課程吧。
I'll see you in there!
再見！