城市老舊商場化身潟湖公園,MVRDV新作「河樂廣場」落成

圖/Image: ©  Daria Scagliola

圖/Image: ©  Daria Scagliola
 臺南「河樂廣場」是將市中心一處老舊的商場改造成了都市潟湖Tainan Spring transforms a former city-centre shopping mall into an urban lagoon

近日，MVRDV慶祝了臺南「河樂廣場」的開幕。「河樂廣場」是一個都市公共空間的設計項目，包括將市中心一處老舊的商場「臺南中國城」改造成一個被植物環繞的城市潟湖，這些植物將長成鬱鬱蔥蔥的叢林，將城市與自然和水岸重新連結。受業主委託，MVRDV的整體規劃還在臺南運河東側重塑了一條「T」型軸線，並提出了一個新的景觀策略以整合原臺南中國城基地和一公裡長的海安路。除了新的公共廣場和都市景觀水池，項目還包括改善公共運輸道路，減少交通流量，增加在地原生植物。

Recently, MVRDV celebrates the opening of Tainan Spring, a public space design that includes the transformation of a former city-centre shopping mall into an urban lagoon surrounded by young plants that will develop into a lush jungle, reconnecting the city with nature and its waterfront. Commissioned by the client, the completed masterplan rejuvenates a 『T-Axis』 to the East of the Tainan Canal, creating a new landscape strategy to unify the site of the former China Town Mall and a kilometre-long stretch of the city’s Haian Road. In addition to the new public square and urban pool, the plan includes improved public pathways, a reduction in traffic, and the addition of local plants.

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自17世紀以來，臺南的運河網絡一直是該市海洋漁業的基礎；但在上世紀80年代，這一歷史悠久的城市發展方向產生轉變。1983年，臺南運河盲段被填平，興建了臺南中國城商場。一段時間後，這座大型的商業建築與它當初的預期目標漸行漸遠，同時也耗盡了臺南中西區的活力。「河樂廣場」提出了一個將老舊商場空間再利用的解決方案，尤其在網上購物逐漸取代實體店購物的當下，該方案提供了一種將時間與空間轉換的可能性。

Tainan’s water network served as the basis for the city’s marine and fishing industry since the 17th century, but the 1980s saw the city depart from this historic urban approach. China-Town Mall was built on top of the old harbour next to the Tainan Canal in 1983. A large commercial structure that no longer serves its intended purpose, it has become a drain on the vitality of downtown Tainan. Tainan Spring shows what solutions are possible for unused shopping malls now that online shopping is supplanting physical stores.

圖/Image: ©  Daria Scagliola
新的公共廣場將城市與自然和水岸重新連結，這裡曾服務於臺南的海洋漁業The new public space reconnects the city with nature and its waterfront, which served as the basis for the city’s historic marine and fishing industry

臺南中國城商場已被拆除，原有建材被巧妙地循環利用，該項目將成為循環經濟的創新典範。都市景觀水池和繁茂的當地植物襯託出由商場的地下停車場改造而成的下沉廣場，遮陽的半露天迴廊環繞其四周。精心設計的景觀水池在所有季節都將是一個完美的聚會場所：水池的水位會根據雨季和旱季而上升或下降；炎熱的天氣裡，噴霧降溫系統可以降低戶外溫度，為遊客帶來舒適的環境，減少空調的使用。該空間可以做為遊樂場、聚會空間和演出舞臺等；與此同時，通過藝術化地拆解建築，保留了混凝土框架為主的一系列建築原有的結構，適時可以轉換成服務中心、涼亭和其他設施。

The China-Town mall has been removed and meticulously recycled, making the project an innovative example of the circular economy. The mall’s underground parking level has been transformed into a sunken public plaza dominated by an urban pool and verdant local plants and surrounded by a shadowed arcade. The pool has been carefully planned to be a perfect gathering spot for all seasons: the water level will rise and fall in response to the rainy and dry seasons, and in hot weather mist sprayers will reduce the local temperature to provide welcome relief to visitors, reducing the use of air conditioning in the summer months. This space hosts playgrounds, gathering spaces, and a stage for performances, while the artful deconstruction of the building’s concrete frame has left a number of follies that can in due course be converted to shops, kiosks, and other amenities.

圖/Image: ©  Daria Scagliola
都市景觀水池和繁茂的當地植物襯託出由商場的地下停車場改造而成的下沉廣場The mall’s underground parking level has been transformed into a sunken public plaza dominated by an urban pool and verdant local plants

此外，透過玻璃地板可以看到地下二層的部分結構與回填再利用的建材，它向人們進一步展示了場地的過去，並紀念其做為臺南歷史的重要價值。這種保護歷史舊址的新方法，不是以一種擦拭抹白的破舊立新，而是將原商場的地基從公園和潟湖中突顯出來，就像一個當代的羅馬廣場，為關閉運河盲段改建商場的歷史決定提供了一個視覺記憶地標。

In addition, a portion of the structure of the second basement level below has been exposed with a glass floor, allowing people to further understand the history of the site and appreciate the former mall as an important part of Tainan’s history. This new way of preserving heritage meant that the site was not cleared and renewed in a tabula rasa approach – instead the foundations of the former mall stick out of the park and the lagoon like a contemporary Roman Forum, offering a visual marker of the historical decision to close a port in favour of a mall.

圖/Image: ©  Daria Scagliola
新種下的植物也已開始漸漸生長，大約還需要兩到三年才能完全實現一個鬱鬱蔥蔥花園的願景Ahe design will take another two to three years to be fully realised as the young plants gradually grow into the lush garden that was envisioned

MVRDV設計「河樂廣場」的一個關鍵策略是將綠色帶回城市。因此，無論公共廣場還是海安路都引入了大面積的植物。當地各種原生植物混合種植在一起，樹木、灌木和草類組成了多層次的植被，模擬了臺南東部自然的綠色景觀。種植槽的植物密度根據區域的活動型態而變化，為人們和植物提供了更多的空間。現在海安路項目已經竣工，新種下的植物也已開始漸漸生長，大約還需要兩到三年才能完全實現一個鬱鬱蔥蔥花園的願景。

A key part of MVRDV’s strategy for Tainan Spring was to bring the greenery to the city. As a result, both the public square and Haian Road see the introduction of large areas of planting, which makes use of local plant species mixed together in a way that emulates the natural verdant landscape located to the east of Tainan, with trees, shrubs, and grasses providing multiple layers of vegetation. The density of these plant beds varies in response to the shop frontages, providing more space for people where needed and for plants in between. Now that construction is complete, the design will take another two to three years to be fully realised as the freshly planted beds gradually grow into the lush garden that was envisioned.

圖/Image: ©  Daria Scagliola
原商場的地基從公園和潟湖中突顯出來，為關閉運河盲段改建商場的歷史決定提供了一個視覺記憶地標The foundations of the mall stick out of the park and the lagoon, offering a visual marker of the historical decision to close a port in favour of a mall

」在 『河樂廣場』，人們可以在綠意盎然的商場舊址上衝涼。孩子們不久將可以在歷史的廢墟中玩水——這有多奇妙？」MVRDV聯合創始人Winy Maas說道：「受臺南歷史的啟發，原始叢林和水都是重要的靈感來源。臺南是個灰色的城市，隨著綠色叢林被重新引入每一個角落，城市也將重新融入周圍的風景。在海安路的綠色街道，你可以看到重新引入綠色是我們整體規劃中的重要環節。我們將當地的原生植物混合在一起以模彷臺南東部的自然景觀。我想這座城市將從中受益許多。」

「In Tainan Spring, people can bathe in the overgrown remains of a shopping mall. Children will soon be swimming in the ruins of the past – how fantastic is that?」 says Winy Maas, founding partner of MVRDV. 「Inspired by the history of the city, both the original jungle and the water were important sources of inspiration. Tainan is a very grey city. With the reintroduction of the jungle to every place that was possible, the city is reintegrating into the surrounding landscape. That the reintroduction of greenery was an important thread in our master plan can be seen in the planting areas on Haian Road. We mixed local plant species so that they mimic the natural landscape east of Tainan. I think the city will benefit greatly from this.」

圖/Image: ©  Daria Scagliola

精心設計的景觀水池在所有季節都將是一個完美的聚會場所：水池的水位會根據雨季和旱季而上升或下降，噴霧降溫系統可以降低戶外溫度

The artful deconstruction of the building’s concrete frame has left a number of follies that can in due course be converted to shops, kiosks, and other amenities

海安路是臺南最熱鬧的街道之一，去年完成的海安路改造項目為這裡的都市活動帶來了新的生機。現在道路的每個方向都是單車道，街上的車輛也減少了。除此以外，統一的混凝土磚鋪面取代了多年來不同材料拼接形成的路面，綠化方法延續了在其他地方已經成功的豐富自然的景觀策略。該項目還改善了街道最不利的景觀元素，即許多大型通風井從地下突出於公共空間。雖然這些基礎設施不能被移除，但它們被塗上了統一的顏色，以儘量減少它們在視覺上的存在感。竣工後，臺南亦邀請了一些當地的藝術家來裝飾這些基礎設施。

The renovation of Haian Road, which was completed last year, has brought new life to one of Tainan’s most lively streets. Traffic on the street has been reduced, with cars now occupying just a single lane in each direction. Meanwhile a unifying concrete tile surface has replaced a patchwork of different paving treatments that had built up over the years, and the planting strategy continues the abundant, natural approach employed elsewhere. The project also addresses one of the street’s most negative features, the many large ventilation shafts that intrude onto the public space from below ground. While these infrastructural elements could not be removed, they have been painted a uniform colour in an attempt to minimise their visual presence. The city of Tainan then selected a number of local artists to decorate these structures.圖/Image: ©  Daria Scagliola

通過藝術化地拆解建築，保留了混凝土框架為主的一系列建築原有的結構，適時可以轉換成服務中心、涼亭和其他設施

The artful deconstruction of the building’s concrete frame has left a number of follies that can in due course be converted to shops, kiosks, and other amenities

「河樂廣場」是MVRDV今年在臺南完成的兩個項目之一，另一個即將完成的項目為「臺南新化果菜市場」，目前它處於最後的施工階段。「河樂廣場」 由MVRDV和一個跨領域的專業設計團隊共同完成，包括合作建築師李麗如建築師事務所，可持續性和景觀顧問都市裡人規劃設計有限公司，結構顧問長浩結構技師事務所，交通規劃顧問鼎漢國際工程顧問，照明設計顧問立恆燈光設計有限公司、機電顧問弘電工業聯合技師事務所，以及施工方湧基營造工程有限公司。

Tainan Spring is the first of two MVRDV projects that will be completed in Tainan this year, with the Tainan Wholesale Market currently in the final stages of construction to the east of the city. Tainan Spring was completed by MVRDV alongside an interdisciplinary team of experts including local architects LLJ Architects, sustainability/landscape and urban designers The Urbanists Collaborative, structural engineers consultant Evergreat Associates, SE., transportation planners THI Consultants Inc., lighting designers LHLD Lighting Design, MEP engineers Frontier Tech Institute, and General Contractor Yong-ji Construction Co. Ltd.

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項目信息

責任合伙人: Wenchian Shi, Jeroen Zuidgeest 設計團隊：Hui-Hsin Liao, Angel Sanchez Navarro, Stephan Boon, Xiaoting Chen, Andrea Anselmo, Yi Chien Liao, Zuliandi Azli, Olivier Sobels, Dong Min Lee, Chi Yi Liao視覺效果 : Antonio Luca Coco, Costanza Cuccato, Davide Calabro, , Paolo Mossa Idra 版權: Winy Maas, Jacob van Rijs, Nathalie de Vries