#英語語法疑難答疑#
1. and連接的並列成分作主語。
（1）指兩者時，謂語動詞用單數。
John and Mike are good at playing football.
約翰和邁克擅長踢足球。
（2）指同一個人、事物或概念時，謂語動詞用單數。
The writer and teacher is quite popular among the students.
既是作家又是老師的他很受學生歡迎。
2. 不定代詞或不定代詞修飾的名詞作主語。
（1）Each,neither,either,one,other, another, much, little及複合不定代詞等表示單數意義，作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數。
Neither of my parents likes to stay up.
我父母都不喜歡熬夜。
Somebody is knocking at the door.
有人在敲門。
（2）Many,few, several, both等表示複數意義作主語時，謂語動詞用複數。
Both of us are fond of painting.
我們兩個都喜歡畫畫。
（3）Some,all, any等既可表示複數意義也可表示單數意義，作主語時，謂語動詞依具體意義而定。
All the managers in the company are present at the meeting.
這個公司的所有經理都參加會議了。
All the milk I bought yesterday has gone bad.
我昨天買的牛奶全都變質了。
3. 不定式、動名詞作主語。
謂語動詞一般用單數，但and 連接的兩個或多個不定式、動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞一般用複數。
To say something is usually easier than to do something.
說往往比做容易。
Swimming in summer and skating in winter are my greatest pleasure.
夏天遊泳和冬天滑冰是我最大的樂趣。
4. 表示數量的短語作主語。
（1）數量詞修飾不可數名詞，謂語動詞用單數。
Plenty of money has been saved t buy that car.
為買那輛車已經存了很多錢。
（2）數量詞修飾可數名詞複數，謂語動詞用複數。
A lot of students in that school want to join the club.
那所學校的很多學生都想加入這個俱樂部。
（3）a quantity of/ an amount of...作主語，謂語動詞用複數。
A large quantity of air-conditioners has been sold since the temperature is high.
因為氣溫高，有大量空調售出。
（4）quantities of / amounts of ...作主語時，謂語動詞用複數。
Quantities of clothes in this shop are in good quality.
這家店裡的很多衣服質量都很好。
5. 表示時間、距離、度量、金額等複數形式的名詞作主語。
常作為一個整體來看，謂語動詞用單數。
Five years is a long time to wait for an answer.
為了等待一個答覆，5年的時間是夠長的。
Twenty kilograms is too heavy for a child.
20千克對於一個小孩來說太重了。
6. 主語後有with, together with, as well as, no less than, along with...等短語修飾。
謂語動詞不受這些短語的影響，仍然與主語保持一致。
The old lady as well as her two daughters goes shopping every weekend.
那位老婦人和她的兩個女兒每個周末都去購物。
Tom together with his classmates studies Japanese in Japan.
湯姆和他同學都在日本學日語。
7. 「most/ the rest/ the majority/ 分數+of +名詞」作主語。
謂語動詞的單複數由of後面的名詞決定。
The rest of the students are playing football on the playground.
其餘的學生都在操場上踢足球。
Most of the water here is not fit for drinking.
這裡大部分的水都不適合飲用。
8. 集體名詞family, team, class作主語。
（1）如果是作為一個整體看待，謂語動詞用單數形式。
The family is the tiniest cell of the society.
家庭是社會最小的細胞。
（2）如果側重其中的個體成員，謂語動詞用複數形式。
The whole team are all going to take part in the Asian Games.
所有隊員都將參加亞運會。
9. 集體名詞people, police, cattle 作主語。
謂語動詞總是用複數形式。
The police are searching for the escaped criminal.
警察正在搜捕逃犯。
10. 「one of+複數名詞」作主語。
謂語動詞常用單數。
One of my close friends has been abroad for eight years.
我的一個好朋友已在國外待了8年。
11. 「 a number of +複數名詞」作主語。
謂語動詞用複數。
A number of workers have recently left the company.
最近有很多人離開了公司。
12. 「the number of+複數名詞」作主語。
謂語動詞用單數。
The number of members is still increasing.
成員人數還在增加。
13. 並列連詞or,either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also...等連接的並列成分作主語。
謂語動詞與最靠近的主語一致。
Are you or he going to be in charge of the factory?
是你還是他將負責工廠的事務？
Either you or your brother has to go there right now.
要麼你要麼你弟弟得立刻去那裡。
Not only I but also he wants to go swimming in the river.
不但我而且他也想去河裡遊泳。
14. there be 句式中。
be 的單複數形勢與最靠近的主語一致。
There is an apple and some oranges on the table.
There are some oranges and an apple on the table.
15. 關係代詞在從句中作主語。
（1）取決於先行詞，當先行詞為 「one of+複數名詞」時，從句謂語動詞用複數。
This is one of the most interesting stories that are told by my grandpa.
這是我爺爺講過的最有趣的故事之一。
（2）先行詞為 「the only/ very one of+複數名詞」時，從句謂語動詞用單數。
She is the only one of the students who has failed the final test.
她是唯一一個沒有通過期末考試的學生。
16. 複數形式表示單數意義的名詞作主語。
news, maths, physics, politics等形式上看似複數，意義上為單數，謂語動詞用單數。
Politics does not interest me.
政治引不起我的興趣。
The United Nations plays an important role in the international affairs.
聯合國在國際事務中起著重要的作用。
17. more than one..或many a ...作主語。
儘管意義上表示複數，但因其中心詞為單數可數名詞，謂語動詞仍用單數。
Many a student wants to reduce homework.
許多學生想要減少家庭作業。