Hello, come in. Come in. You're the first here. Actually, you're the only one here.
哈嘍，進來吧，進來。事實上，這裡就你一個人。
But that's great. Listen, it's great to see you.
太好了。很高興見到你。
I thought today we could learn and practice some idioms to talk about people. That's right. As you know, in IELTS speaking, it's really important to describe people and to know how to describe people.
我想今天我們可以學習和練習一些關於人的習語。沒錯。你知道，在雅思口語中，描述人和知道如何描述人是非常重要的。
So this could be really useful for you. Let's do it.
這對你很有用。讓我們開始吧。
So, as you may well know, my name is Keith. What's your name by the way?
如你所知，我的名字叫基斯。對了，你叫什麼名字？
Right, nice cool name. Well, um, oh, by the way, do you know that I run live lessons on YouTube every Tuesday and Thursday?
很好，不錯的名字。哦，對了，你知道我每周二和周四在油管上直播上課嗎？
Right, you knew. Yes, that's right, 10 o'clock in the morning Spanish time every Tuesday and Thursday.
好，你知道。沒錯，班牙時間每周二和周四上午十點。
Keep coming. I think there's lots of interesting stuff to learn there.
堅持過來哦。我認為那裡有很多有趣的東西可以學習。
And if you want more resources, yeah, go and check out my website keithspeakingacademy. com. There will be lots of new stuff coming there soon.
如果你想要更多資源，請訪問我的網站 keithspeakingacademy.com。很快就會有很多新東西出現。
So, great! Listen, let's start talking about idioms. What is an idiom exactly?
太棒了！聽著，讓我們開始談論習語吧。習語究竟是什麼？
Idioms are fixed phrases whose meaning is different from the individual words. And often, you can't guess the meaning by looking at the individual words, right? Idiomatic.
習語是固定的短語，其意義與單個單詞不同。通常，你不能通過看單個單詞來猜測它的意思。
So, for example, if I were to say "I think I've just put my foot in it". "Put your foot in", what? You mean you stood in some dog poo or something?
例如，如果我說 「I think I've just put my foot in it」。"Put your foot in"，什麼？你是說你踩到狗屎了？
No, I just told Sarah her ex-boyfriend is going to get married. I thought she knew but she didn't.
不，我剛告訴莎拉她前男友要結婚了。我以為她知道，但她不知道。
And now, she's so upset. So, when we say something that can accidentally upset or make somebody angry, we can say "to put your foot in it".
現在，她很沮喪。當我們說一些可能會意外地使某人心煩意亂或生氣的事情時，我們可以說「to put your foot in it」。
I put my foot in it, right, or she put her foot in it, right? That's a simple idiom.
I put my foot in it，對吧，she put her foot in it。這是一個簡單的習語。
It's not about putting your foot anywhere. That's not really the meaning, there's a wider meaning.
這與把你的腳放在任何地方無關。這並不是真正的意思，還有更廣泛的含義。
To say something by accident that will upset somebody. Great. Now then do you know any idioms?
無意中說了使某人不高興的話。太好了。那麼你知道其他一些習語嗎？
Yeah, great. So you know we use idioms to get attention, especially in journalism, newspapers, blogs and articles, we often use it for humour. We can make jokes with it or just to emphasize or add colour to what we're trying to say.
嗯，很好。所以你知道我們用習語來引起關注，尤其是在新聞、報紙、博客和文章中，我們經常用習語來表達幽默。我們可以用它來開玩笑，或者只是為了強調或為我們想要說的內容增添色彩。
In IELTS speaking, of course, it is a part a key part of your vocabulary score is being able to use idiomatic vocabulary. So, it might be useful to know the different types of idioms that we can use as well.
當然，在雅思口語中，它是一個重要的部分，你的詞彙分數的一個關鍵部分是能夠使用習語詞彙。所以，了解我們可以使用的不同類型的習語可能是有用的。
Let's have a look at those. So, there are many different kinds of idioms, right?
讓我們來看看這些。有很多種不同的習語。
There are similes, metaphors, euphemisms, binomials, and proverbs, sayings. There's lots of kinds.
有明喻、隱喻、委婉語、雙名詞組和諺語、俗語。有很多種。
And knowing what category an idiom comes from can sometimes help you to remember it and to use it. So, let's have a look first at the different types of idiom and then later we'll look in more detail specifically about idioms for people, okay?
知道一個習語來自哪個類別有時可以幫助你記住它並使用它。那麼，讓我們先看一下不同類型的習語，然後我們會更詳細地學習用來形容人的習語。
Does that sound good? Great! Hunky-dory!
聽起來不錯吧？太棒了！極好的！
So, types of idioms, let's look at similes first. Do you know any examples of similes?
習語的類型，讓我們先看看明喻。你知道明喻的例子嗎？
One of my favourite ones is um "they are like two peas in a pod". So, similes are expressions comparing two things usually using "like" or "as", right?
我最喜歡的一個是 "they like two peas in a pod"。明喻是比較兩種事物的表達，通常用 like 或 as。
So, as I said my two brothers, I don't have two brothers, right, my brother and sister are like two peas in a pod, which means they are very very similar, right? Because they are similar to two peas which is the vegetable sitting in the pod which holds the vegetable.
就像我說的，我的兩個兄弟，我沒有兩個兄弟，對吧，我的哥哥和姐姐就像一個豆莢裡的兩顆豆子，這意味著他們非常非常相似。因為他們和兩顆豌豆很像，豌豆就是豆莢裡的蔬菜。
Or we can say, "Tom, my friend, he's very very clever, he's as sharp as a knife." As sharp as a knife.
或者我們可以說，「湯姆，我的朋友，他非常非常聰明，他像刀一樣鋒利。」像刀一樣鋒利。
So, we're comparing Tom to a knife being very very sharp and that means he's clever or intelligent. So, these are similes.
我們把湯姆比作一把刀，非常非常鋒利，這意味著他很聰明。這些都是明喻。
What about metaphors? Metaphors are similar.
那麼隱喻呢？隱喻表示相似。
Do you know any metaphors? So, metaphors are similar, but we're not really comparing them to something.
你知道隱喻嗎？隱喻表示相似，但我們並沒有把人和什麼東西進行比較。
We are saying they are something. And we're taking maybe a thing or an object and personifying it, right, making it like a person or making the person like the object, right?
我們說他們是某物。我們可能會把一件東西或一件物品擬人化，對吧，讓它像一個人或者讓人像這件物品，對吧？
So, for example, Tom is as sharp as a knife but Harry, Harry at school, right, in my schoolmate, he used to think 2x2 was 22. Now, maybe creative but the teacher said, "Duh, he's not the sharpest tool in the shed."
例如，湯姆像刀一樣鋒利，但是哈利，學校裡的哈利，對，我的同學，他曾經認為 2x2 等於 22。也許是有創意，但老師說：「兄弟，他不是棚裡最鋒利的工具。」
So, "he's not the sharpest tool in the shed" means he is stupid, not clever. So, here we're saying he "is", not "like", but he "is" a tool in the shed.
所以，「他不是棚裡最鋒利的工具」 的意思是他很愚蠢，不聰明。所以，這裡我們說 he is，而不是 like，而是 he is a tool in the shed。
The shed is the place where you keep all the tools for gardening, right? Now, let's look at binomials.
這個小棚子是你存放園藝工具的地方。現在我們來看雙名詞組。
Binomials are normally two words joined by a preposition and that's usually "and", right, um, things like "fish and chips", "black and white", the "and" becomes /nd/, "black and white", "fish and chips", okay? Do you know any binomials?
雙名詞組通常兩個詞加入了一個介詞，通常是「and」，例如「fish and chips」、「black and white」，「and」讀音變成/nd/，「black and white」，「fish and chips」。你知道哪些雙名詞組嗎？
Whoa, lovely! Okay! So, binomials for people.
哇，太棒了！很好！形容人的雙名詞組。
Do you remember Sherlock Holmes? He's very calm and collected, right?
你還記得夏洛克·福爾摩斯嗎？他沉著冷靜。
He's very, he's as cool as a cucumber actually. That's the simile, remember?
實際上，他泰然自若（他像黃瓜一樣酷）。這是明喻，記得嗎？
But "he's calm and collected" means he's very very well very calm. Take another example, my wife, right, do you know what she does to relax?
但是「he's calm and collected」，表示泰然自若的意思，他非常非常冷靜。再舉一個例子，我妻子，你知道她做什麼來放鬆嗎？
Well, she likes to surf the Internet. But me, I'm not really into that.
她喜歡網上衝浪。但是我，我不是很喜歡那個。
I much prefer listening to music. So, we're quite different.
我更喜歡聽音樂。我們不一樣。
We're like chalk and cheese. "Chalk and cheese".
我們就像粉筆和奶酪。「Chalk and cheese」。
Chalk is for writing on the board, cheese, delicious, with a bit of red wine, that's for eating. But we like "chalk and cheese", we're very different, another binomial.
粉筆是寫在黑板上的，奶酪，美味，加配上一點紅酒，那是用來吃的。但我們像「粉筆和奶酪」，我們非常不同，這是另一個雙名詞組。
That said, my wife is a very very helpful person and she will always be there to help come rain or shine. "Come rain or shine".
話雖如此，我的妻子是一個非常樂於助人的人，無論發生什麼情況，她都會在你身邊幫助你。「Come rain or shine」。
Here, "rain or shine", another binomial but with "or", come rain or shine. She's very helpful, come rain or shine.
這裡，「rain or shine」，是用「or」連接的雙名詞組，意思是風雨無阻。無論在什麼情況下，她都樂於助人。
Another category is euphemisms.?And we use euphemisms, um, to avoid offending people or saying words we're not comfortable with, right?
另一類是委婉語。我們用委婉語，來避免冒犯別人或者說一些讓我們不舒服的話。
So, imagine the scenario: you're in the workplace with some colleagues, some of them you know, some of them you don't know very well. And they say "Can you describe your boss, I mean physically, what is she like?"
想像一下這樣的場景：你在工作場所和一些同事在一起，其中一些你認識，一些你不是很熟悉。他們說：「你能描述一下你的老闆的外貌嗎？她是什麼樣的人？」
And what you're thinking is "Well, um, she's short she's fat and she's old." That's what you're thinking, but you can't say that.
你就會想：「她又矮又胖又老了。」你是這樣想的，但你不能這樣說。
I mean, that might offend some people. Um, it's not very polite.
我的意思是，這可能會冒犯一些人。而且很不禮貌。
So, you use a euphemism, right, instead of saying she's fat. You'd say "Well, you know, she's, she's big boned."
所以你用了委婉的說法，不是說她很胖。你會說：「嗯，你知道，她骨盤很大。」
"She's big boned." "She's getting on a bit", right?
「她骨盤很大。」「她有點上了年紀。」
So, she's old, she's getting on a bit. And a bit kind of humoristically.
所以，她很老，等於「她有點上了年紀。」有點幽默。
And you know, she's, you could say "she's vertically challenged". "Vertically challenged", she's short, right?
你可以說「她在向她的身高挑戰」。「向身高挑戰」，就是她很矮的意思。
You could say "she's vertically challenged" with a smile. So, here our euphemisms are also idioms in order to say things you may not be comfortable with.
你可以微笑著說：「她在向她的身高挑戰。」委婉語也是習語，用來表達你可能感到不適的事情。
Great! So, next sayings and proverbs.
很好！接下來是俗語和諺語。
Things like "nothing ventured, nothing gained", "where there's a will there's a way", "once bitten twice shy", right? Now, the challenge with proverbs and sayings is that they tend to have a bit of a message or a warning or advice, right?
像 「nothing ventured, nothing gained（不入虎穴，焉得虎子）」，「where there's a will there's a way（有志者事竟成）」，「once bitten twice shy（一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井繩）」。俗語和諺語的挑戰在於它們傾向於傳達一些信息，警告或建議。
Be careful. There's also sometimes a moral message, you know, to be good, you need to do this.
小心點。有時也有道德信息，例如，要成為好人，你需要這樣做。
So, they're often not appropriate for IELTS speaking. However, there is a trick you can use, right?
所以，它們通常不適合用於雅思口語。不過，有個技巧你可以用。
So, if you've learned "Nothing ventured, nothing gained" which means if you don't take a risk, you won't succeed, right? Now, you're not gonna say to the examiner, "Oh, Mr examiner, I'm going to try very hard today because nothing ventured, nothing gained."
如果你學會了「Nothing ventured, nothing gained」，意思是如果你不去冒險，你就不會成功。你不能對考官說:：「哦，考官先生，我今天要非常努力，因為 nothing ventured, nothing gained。」
It doesn't sound natural at all, right? But what you can say is, "My uncle who runs a restaurant," right, "he believes nothing ventured, nothing gained, and so he set up his own business."
這聽起來一點都不自然，對吧？但是你可以說：「我的叔叔開了一家餐館，他相信 nothing ventured, nothing gained，所以他建立了自己的事業。」
That's super simple and natural. "He believes nothing ventured, nothing gained."
這是超級簡單和自然的。「他相信 nothing ventured, nothing。」
Another saying, right, where there's a will, there's a way, meaning if you really want to do something, you can do it, you can find a way to do it, right? So, again, could you make an expression with "he believes"?
另一種說法是，where there's a will, there's a way，意思是如果你真的想做某件事，你就能做到，你就能找到方法去做。同樣，你能用「he believes」來表達嗎？
Right, we're getting there. My example might be "My uncle who runs a restaurant", right, "he believes where there's a will, there's a way.
好了，快掌握要點了。我的例子可以是：「我叔叔經營一家餐廳，他相信有志者事竟成。
So, despite obstacles when he set up his business, he managed to do it." So, you can see just say "he believes" or if you want to spice it up a little bit, "he's the kind of person who believes".
所以，儘管創業時遇到了障礙，他還是做到了。」所以，你可以直接說「he believes」，或者如果你想讓它更有趣一點，「he's the kind of person who believes」。
"My uncle," right, "he's the kind of person who believes nothing ventured, nothing gained, and he set up his own business." Could you give me an example?
「我叔叔，他是那種相信「不入虎穴，焉得虎子」的人，他自己創業。」你能給我舉個例子嗎？
Nice. So, it's a nice trick to help us use proverbs in IELTS speaking. Excellent! Okie cokey. Let's move on.
很好。這是一個幫助我們在雅思口語中使用諺語一個很好的技巧。太好了。Okie cokey，讓我們繼續。
"Okie cokey", "okie cokey" is a, "hokey cokey" is a song. I mean okie dokie, okie dokie.
"Okie cokey"，okie cokey，hokey cokey 是一首歌。我是說 okie dokie。
Excellent! So, listen, we've looked at different kinds of um idioms, right? Let's now get into the "nitty gritty" and that's the detail.
太棒了！那麼，聽著，我們已經學習了各種各樣的習語。現在我們進入「nitty gritty」，那就是細節內容。
Let's have a look at some idioms to talk about people. First of all, we've got "to be the spitting image of".
讓我們來看一些關於人的習語。首先，「to be the spitting image of」。
Can you say that with me? To be the spitting image of.
跟我一起說。To be the spitting image of。
I am the spitting image of my father. And it means I look exactly the same or very very similar to somebody.
I am the spitting image of my father（我和我爸爸長得很像）。它的意思是我看起來和某人一模一樣，或者非常非常相似。
Next, to be a loose canon, to be a loose canon. This is where somebody may talk and sometimes say bad things without realizing it, right.
下一個，to be a loose canon，to be a loose canon。有些人可能會在沒有意識到的情況下談論一些不好的事情。
For example, my friend Alan, right, he's very talkative but he is a loose canon sometimes. He was down in the pub the other week with some colleagues, two of them were Irish and then Alan starts telling an Irish joke, making fun of the Irish!
例如，我的朋友艾倫，是的，他非常健談，但有時說話不經大腦。前幾周，他和幾個同事在酒吧裡，其中兩個是愛爾蘭人，然後艾倫開始講愛爾蘭笑話，取笑愛爾蘭人！
He's a loose canon, right? He didn't realize that he might be offending them.
他說話不經大腦。他沒有意識到他可能得罪了他們。
Next, to get carried away. And this is when somebody talks a lot without realizing they're talking too much.
下一個，to get carried away。這是指一個人說了很多話，卻沒有意識到自己說了太多話。
Alan is guilty of this. When he's telling a story, he gets carried away.
艾倫對此很內疚。當他講故事時，他就忘乎所以了。
And he just carries on talking and talking and talking, right? It doesn't mean somebody picks him up and carries him away although that might be a good idea sometimes.
他就一直在說啊說啊說。它的意思並不是有人會把他接走並把他帶走，儘管有時這可能是個好主意。
But he just goes on talking too much. He gets carried away.
因為他講的太多了。他有點忘乎所以了。
The next one, to run in the family. "It runs in the family" means that it's a characteristic of most of the people in that family.
下一個，to run in the family。「to run in the family」 意思是這是一個家庭裡大多數人的特徵。
So, if a lot of people in the family are artistic or they're artists or painters and musicians, you could say, you know, art runs in the family. Being an artist runs in the family.
如果這個家庭中有很多人是藝術家，或者他們是藝術家、畫家和音樂家，你可以說，藝術是他們家世代相傳的。藝術是這家族的傳統。
The artistic spirit runs in the family. And here, you can change "the" for "my", "your", "his", right?
藝術精神世代相傳。你可以把這裡的「the」換成「my」， 「your」， 「his」。
The entrepreneurial spirit runs him in his family. So, you could use this when you're describing somebody and you're talking about a characteristic they have like for example, being kind, right?
創業精神在他們家世代相傳。當你描述某人的時候，你可以用這個詞，你在談論他們的一種特質，比如，善良。
Jane is very very she's a very kind person. She's very generous and you know, being kind I think runs in her family.
簡是一個非常非常善良的人。她非常慷慨，善良是她家族的傳統。
So, a lot of the other members of her family are also very kind. Nice. Next, as bright as a button.
所以，她家裡的很多其他成員也都很善良。下一個，as bright as a button。
A nice simile. As bright as a button. And we contract the as to /z/, as bright as a button.
一個很好的比喻。非常聰明。我們讀 as 為/z /，非常聰明。
"Bright" meaning really clever or intelligent. The button, these are the buttons, right?
"Bright" 的意思是非常聰明。按鈕，這些就是按鈕。
And if they're shiny, and they're clean, they're bright. "As bright as a button" means you're intelligent and clever, right?
如果它們是閃亮的，乾淨的，它們就很明亮。"As bright as a button" 意思是發光發亮，很聰明。
"Jane is as bright as a button." Who do you know that is as bright as a button?
「簡是個很聰明的人。」你覺得誰很聰明？
Give me a sentence. Nice. And does it run in the family?
給我個例句。很好。這是世代相傳的嗎？
Hmm, right. Good. Another one is "to think on your feet" which means to think quickly, to react and improvise, okay?
好的，好。另一個是「to think on your feet」，意思是快速思考，做出反應，即興發揮。
So, in IELTS, right, the examiner can ask you surprise questions and you have to think on your feet, right? So, my uncle Tom who runs the restaurant, right, he's not called Tom, but let's call him Tom for today.
在雅思考試中，考官會問你一些出人意料的問題，你必須要快速思考。我的叔叔湯姆經營著一家餐廳，他不叫湯姆，今天就叫他湯姆吧。
My uncle Tom can think on his feet. He has to think on his feet because so many unexpected things happen in the restaurant.
我的湯姆叔叔能獨立思考。餐館裡有那麼多意想不到的事情發生，他必須迅速反應。
What about you? Do you know somebody who can think on their feet? Very good! If they can think on their feet, if they can. . . if they can think on their feet, they're probably as bright as a button.
你呢？你認識一個能獨立思考的人嗎？很好！如果他們能獨立思考，如果他們能......如果他們能獨立思考，他們可能會非常聰明。
Lots of nice alliterations there, right? "Bright as a button", "think on your feet".
有很多不錯的押頭韻，對吧？"Bright as a button"，"think on your feet"。
Great pronunciation, keep practicing. Next, a bosom friend.
發音很棒，堅持練習。下一個，a bosom friend。
The bosom is just the chest, part of the body. So, "a bosom friend" is a close friend, right?
「bosom」就是胸部，身體的一部分。所以，「bosom friend」是指親密的朋友。
This is kind of like a metaphor. "Sarah is a bosom friend," right?
有點像隱喻。「薩拉是我的知心朋友」。
"We go back a long way." Ah, there's another. "To go back a long way" doesn't mean you're physically going back all the way to Manchester.
「我們是老相識。」還有一個。「To go back a long way」並不意味著你要一路回到曼徹斯特。
It means we have known each other for a long time. We go back a long way.
這意味著我們已經認識很長時間了。我們是老相識了。
Sarah is a bosom friend. We go back a long way.
薩拉是我的密友。我們是老相識了。
Next, "to know someone like the back of your hand". If you know somebody or something like the back of your hand, it's assumed you know them very well, right?
下一個，「to know someone like the back of your hand」。如果你對某人或某物的了解就如你對你的手掌背那麼了解，你就應該非常了解他們。
"I know her like the back of my hand." Give me an example.
「我對她了如指掌。」給我舉個例子。
And this, yes, you can probably use for family members, right? "I know my sister like the back of my hand."
這個，沒錯，你可以用來形容你的親人，對吧？「我對我的姐姐了如指掌。」
Or my university friend, um, Alan, yeah, "He's a bosom friend. We go back a long way.
或者我的大學朋友，艾倫，沒錯，「他是我的知己。我倆認識很久了。
I know him like the back of my hand." Yes, it's okay to cough in IELTS speaking, well, not these days. We have to have the mask, right?
我對他了如指掌。」嗯，在雅思口語考試當中咳嗽也是可以的，但這些天不行，我們得戴口罩，對吧？
But let's move on. "To hit it off".
我們繼續吧。「一見如故」。
And that would connect probably to say to hit-it-off, hit-it-off, hit-it-off. Great! "We hit it off."
這個可以連讀「hit-it-off，hit-it-off，hit-it-off」。太棒了！「我們一見如故。」
"We hit it off as soon as we met." Great! "To hit it off" means to get on very well, right?
「我們一見面就合得來了。」很棒！「一見如故」的意思是很合得來。
"The first time I met Alan, we hit it off straight away." Nice. "To see eye to eye".
「我第一次見到艾倫時，我們非常投緣。」很好。「意見一致」。
"To see eye to eye" just means to agree, right? So, "although I've known Alan for donkey's years, right, we go back a long way, he's a buzzing friend, and although we hit it off when we first met, we don't always see eye to eye."
「意見一致」意思就是達成一致。」雖然我認識艾倫很多年了，我們是老相識，他是個談笑風生的朋友，雖然我們第一次見面時很投緣，但我們並不總是意見一致。」
"We don't always agree to see eye to eye." Next, um, "a woman after my own heart" or "a man after my own heart", right.
「我們不總是意見一致。」下一個，「一個符合我心意的女人」或「一個符合我心意的男人」。
Now, this means that you are very similar and you admire the other person's thinking or philosophy or way of living, right? So, I can say to a man, "Oh, you're a man after my own heart" which means we do things and we think in a similar way and I like that.
這意味著你和別人很相似，你欣賞對方的思想、哲學或生活方式。我可以對一個男人說，「哦，你是一個符合我心意的男人」，意思是我們做事和思考的方式相似，我喜歡這樣。
It doesn't mean that I love you, there's nothing about heart being in love, it just means that we are similar and we think in a similar way, right? "She's a woman after my own heart."
這並不意味著我愛你，與真心相愛無關，只是意味著我們相似，我們以相似的方式思考。「她是一個符合我心意的女人。」
For example, I have a friend, right, who's trying to teach her children to cook even though they're very very young. I think that's fantastic.
例如，我有一個朋友，對吧，她在教她的孩子做飯，儘管他們很小。我覺得那太棒了。
I think we should get children into the kitchen very very young. She's a woman after my own heart. Right?
我想我們應該讓孩子們在很小的時候進廚房。她是一個符合我心意的女人。
We think in similar ways. Great! Next, "to be second to none".
我們的思考方式相同。太棒了！下一個，「首屈一指」。
"Second to none" means to be the very best, okay? Um, so for example, the food in Spain is second to none.
「首屈一指」意思是最好的。例如，西班牙的食物首屈一指。
It's really good. It's the very best. Talking about people, you can take any activity somebody does.
非常美味，是最棒的。說到人，你可以就他們參與的活動來說。
And say, "When it comes to cooking, she's second to none;" "When it comes to singing, she's second to none;" "When it comes to helping others; he's second to none." Right? They're very best at that activity.
例如，「說到烹飪，她是首屈一指的」；「說到唱歌，她是首屈一指的」；「說到幫助他人，他當仁不讓。」他們最擅長那個活動。
Take the activity of playing football, what could you say? Yes! "When it comes to playing football, he's second to none."
以踢足球為例，你可以怎麼說？沒錯！「說到踢足球，他是首屈一指的。」
Starting a business? "When it comes to starting a business, she is second to none." Right?
創業？「說到創業，她是首屈一指的。」對吧？
The very best at doing it. Great! Talking about helping people, um, we have the expression "to go out on a limb".
最擅長做某事。很好！說到幫助別人，嗯，我們有一個短語叫「to go out on a limb」。
Now, a limb is like the arm or the leg. It's one part of the body that sticks out, um, arms and legs are our limbs.
「a limb」就像胳膊或腿。它是身體突出的一部分，嗯，胳膊和腿是我們的四肢。
So, to "go out on a limb" means to to try really hard to help somebody and even to take a risk but to help somebody, right? So, "I will go out on a limb to help my best friend." Right?
「go out on a limb」的意思是盡力去幫助別人，甚至冒著風險去幫助別人。例如，「我將竭盡全力幫助我最好的朋友。」
If they need to borrow the car or they need to borrow some money, I will try my best, I will go out on a limb to help them. "To be highly strung."
如果他們需要借車，或者他們需要借錢，我會盡我最大的努力，我會冒很大的風險去幫助他們。「To be highly strung.」
"To be highly strung" means to be a little bit nervous and to be upset easily. So, somebody who is always nervous a little bit tense and easily upset, right? Yep.
「To be highly strung」的意思是有點神經質，很容易心煩意亂。有些人總是很敏感，神經繃緊，很容易心煩意亂，
"I don't like your shirt." - "What do you mean you don't like my shirt? It's a beautiful shirt!" Highly strung, very tense, very easily upset, right?
「我不喜歡你的襯衫。」 - 「你不喜歡我的襯衫是什麼意思？這是件漂亮的襯衫！」非常敏感，非常緊張，很容易心煩意亂。
Um, I have a colleague, well, I used to have a colleague at work. Um, every day, I mean she was very highly strung.
嗯，我有個同事，我以前有個工作上的同事。每天，她都非常敏感。
People would say the smallest thing and if she thought it was negative, she would fly off the handle. "Fly off the handle" — get upset, right?
人們說的很小的事，如果她覺得是負面的，她會發飆。「Fly off the handle」——心煩意亂。
She was very very highly strung, so you had to be careful what you said next to her. To be a "know-it-all". Know-it-all as a noun.
她非常非常敏感，所以你在她旁邊說話要小心。是一個「know-it-all」。「know-it-all」作為名詞。
A know-it-all is a person who thinks they know everything, right? Of course, they don't, nobody does.
一個 know-it-all 是指自以為什麼都知道的人。當然，他們並不是，沒有人什麼都知道。
But somebody who's maybe arrogant and thinks they know everything. "He's a know-it-all."
但有些人可能傲慢自大，認為自己無所不知。「他自認為無所不知。」
So slightly negative connotation, right? Yeah, you may have a boss like that who thinks, you know, they know everything and they tell you and like, you know, "My boss he's a know-it-all".
所以有點負面的含義。嗯，你可能有這樣一個老闆，他認為他們什麼都知道，並告訴你，「我的老闆，他是個無所不知的人」。
So, it's not a compliment, it's a little bit of a criticism. Next, "she doesn't suffer fools gladly".
這不是恭維，而是有點批評。下一個，「she doesn't suffer fools gladly」。
"To suffer fools", a fool is like a stupid person. "Gladly" means happily.
「To suffer fools」，「fool」就是愚蠢的人。「Gladly」意思是愉快地。
So, "to happily be with stupid people", then it's not that. So, she's not happy about being with stupid people.
「愉快地和愚蠢的人玩耍」的反義。所以，她不喜歡和愚蠢的人呆在一起。
"She doesn't suffer fools gladly", so that means she will, you know, be quite strict and punish people who make mistakes. This is very common in the business workplace where your boss can be quite strict.
「她不願意與蠢人為伍」，意思是她會非常嚴格地懲罰犯錯誤的人。這在工作場所很常見，在那裡你的老闆會非常嚴格。
And if people make mistakes, they punish them and they're very very tough with them because they're not happy with stupid people. Of course, it's not stupid, they just made a mistake.
如果有人犯錯，他們會懲罰他們，他們對他們非常嚴厲，因為他們對愚蠢的人不滿意。當然，不是他們蠢，他們只是犯了個錯誤。
But the expression is "he doesn't suffer fools gladly", right? So, be careful with that boss because he's very strict and he will punish you, right, because he doesn't suffer fools gladly.
但這個表達就是「他不願與蠢人為伍」。小心那個老闆，因為他很嚴格，他會懲罰你的，因為他不喜歡蠢人。
Similarly, "he will come down on you like a ton of bricks". Metaphor, "a ton" is a large weight, "bricks" to build the house like a stone.
類似地，「he will come down on you like a ton of bricks」。隱喻，「a ton」是大量的意思，「bricks」，建房子用的磚頭。
Imagine a ton of bricks falling on you. Not nice, right?
想像一噸磚頭落在你身上。不好受，對吧？
So, when somebody is going to punish you quite strictly, they come down on you like a ton of bricks. So, be careful with that boss because he doesn't suffer fools gladly and if you make a mistake, he will come down on you like a ton of bricks.
所以，當有人要很嚴厲地懲罰你時，他們會像一噸重的磚塊一樣落在你身上。所以，你要小心那個老闆，因為他不會輕易容忍傻瓜，如果你犯了錯誤，他會嚴厲地懲罰你。
And finally, "to be set in your ways". That's somebody who doesn't like change.
最後一個， "to be set in your ways".。指那些不喜歡改變的人。
So, sometimes older people maybe booby bamas, baby boomers, whoops, maybe baby boomers, um, are set in their ways, right? Actually, my, you know, my grandfather, he's set in his ways, he can't change.
有時候老年人可他們的生活方式是固定的。事實上，我的祖父，他已經習慣了他的生活方式，他無法改變。
Who do you know that is set in their ways? Good. And remember the pronoun will change. So, "he is set in his ways", "I am set in my ways", right?
你知道誰是一成不變的嗎？記住，代詞是會改變的。所以，"he is set in his ways"， "I am set in my ways"。
Great! So, here we have lots of idioms to describe people. We're gonna finish up now with a little story introducing two people.
好了！這裡我們講的很多來描述人的習語。我們將以介紹兩個人的小故事作為結束。
And let's see these idioms in action. This is Adam and this is Adam's father.
讓我們看看這些習語的實際應用。這是亞當，這是亞當的父親。
Adam is the spitting image of his father. And as you can see, they're both vertically challenged.
亞當和他父親長得一模一樣。如你所見，他們都在挑戰他們的身高。
Adam's very talkative, but he's a loose cannon at times. Last week, he was having a drink with some new colleagues, two of whom were Irish and he started telling jokes about Irish people.
亞當是個很健談的人，但有時他說話不經腦子。上周，他和幾個新同事喝酒，其中兩個人是愛爾蘭人，他開始講關於愛爾蘭人的笑話。
You know, he really put his foot in it. Mind you, his father, right, he does the same.
你知道，他真的是惹到麻煩了。而且，他的父親，他也是這樣的。
He's always putting his foot in it. I think it must run in the family.
他總是出岔子。我想這一定是家族遺傳的。
That said, Adam is as bright as a button, right? And he can think on his feet.
話雖如此，亞當很聰明。他可以獨立思考。
For example, when he's in a meeting, he can present ideas clearly without preparation. Now, this is Sarah.
例如，當他在開會時，他可以毫無準備地清晰地提出想法。這是莎拉。
She's a bosom friend of Adam's. They go back a long way and they hit it off as soon as they met each other.
她是亞當的密友。他們是老相識，一見面就很投緣。
Adam knows Sarah like the back of his hand. Mind you, they don't always see eye to eye.
亞當對薩拉了如指掌。但是，他們並不總是意見一致。
When it comes to helping out others, Sarah is second to none. She's always ready to go out on a limb to help a friend if you need to borrow money or just someone to talk to.
說到幫助別人，薩拉是首屈一指的。如果你需要借錢或者找個人聊天的話，她是隨時準備好幫助你的朋友。
As for her personality, well, she's not very expressive. In fact, she's as cool as a cucumber.
就她的個性而言，她不善於表達。事實上，她沉著冷靜。
She works in a bank. She's also a little highly strung.
她在銀行工作。她也有點神經質。
She always seems to be in a rush shouting at people in her office and with the smallest negative comment from anyone, she'll fly off the handle. At times, I feel sorry for her co-workers because she doesn't suffer fools gladly.
她似乎總是匆匆忙忙地在辦公室裡對別人大喊大叫，只要有人給她一點負面的評論，她就會勃然大怒。有時，我為她的同事感到難過，因為她不能容忍傻瓜。
If you make a mistake, she'll be down on you like a ton of bricks. She really is set in her ways.
如果你出了差錯，她就會對你大發脾氣。她的生活方式真是一成不變。
So, as you can see, Adam and Sarah, they are like chalk and cheese. So, that's it. Listen, it's been great being with you today.
如你所見，亞當和薩拉，他們就像完全不同的人。那麼，就這樣。今天和你在一起很開心。
Thank you so much for coming along, I've really enjoyed it. I hope this can help you.
非常感謝你的到來，我真的很享受。我希望這能對你有所幫助。
We should do this more often, right? Do come along to the live lessons if you want to practice.
我們應該經常這樣做。如果你想練習，就來上直播課程吧。
And I guess that's an important point, right? You've seen lots of idioms today, but really the key is in the practice.
我想這一點很重要，對吧？我們今天已經學習了很多習語，但真正的關鍵是在實踐中。
So, if you need, so what you need to do now is start practicing that. If you're looking for a speaking partner, why not pop along to my Facebook group?
如果你需要，你現在需要做的就是開始練習。如果你想找一個口語搭檔，為什麼不加入我的 Facebook 群呢?
You can look for it in Facebook, Keith's IELTS Mastermind Community. Lots of people there very active and also looking for speaking partners.
你可以在 Facebook 上找 Keith's IELTS Mastermind Community。那裡的很多人都很活躍，也在尋找口語拍檔。
And then, you can start putting this into practice which is where you really step up your level. Thanks for joining me today.
然後，你可以開始把這些付諸實踐，這樣你才能真正提高你的水平。謝謝你今天來參加我的節目。
Do remember, if you haven't yet, um, to subscribe to the channel, turn on the notifications and I can't wait to see you next time. In the meantime, take care, all the best now, bye-bye.
記住，如果你還沒有訂閱，請訂閱我們的頻道，打開通知，我等不及要和你下次見面了。在此期間，多保重，一切順利，再見。