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Lesson 10 Not for jazz || 不適於演奏爵士樂 （第二冊）
一 聽音頻磨耳朵（美音）
二 文章內容與解釋
We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord. It was made inin 1681.
[ 我家有件古樂器，被稱作古鋼琴，是1681年德國造的。]
Our clavichord is kept in the living room. It has belonged to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.
[我們的這架古鋼琴存放在起居室裡。我們家有這件樂器已經很久了， 是我祖父在很多年以前買的。 ]
Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked.
[可它最近被一個客人弄壞了，因為她用它來彈奏爵士樂。她在擊琴鍵時用力過猛，損壞了兩根琴弦。我父親大為吃驚， ]
Now we are not allowed to touch it. It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.
[ 不許我們再動它。父親的一個朋友正在修理這件樂器。]
三 New Word and expressions & 生詞和短語
jazz n. 爵士音樂；musical adj. 音樂的；instrument n. 樂器；allow v. 允許，讓；
clavichord n. 古鋼琴；recently adv. 最近；damage v. 損壞；touch v. 觸摸；
key n. 琴鍵；string n. （樂器的）弦；shock v. 使不悅或生氣，震驚；
四 Notes on the text & 課文注釋
[1] It is called a clavichord. 它被稱為古鋼琴。這是一個被動語態的句子，文章中還有許多類似的句子：Our clavichord is kept……, it was damaged……等等。
[2] a friend of my father. 我父親的一位朋友。在英語中通常用-'s和of結構來表示所有格。-'s的結構通常用在人名和表示人稱的名詞的結尾，of則常與無生命的名詞連用。
五 Grammar in use & 語法
各個時態的被動語態：
[1]一般現在時的被動語態：is/am/are+及物動詞的過去分詞
I am asked to study hard.
[2]一般過去時的被動語態：was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.
[3]現在完成時的被動語態：has/have+been +及物動詞的過去分詞
This book has been translated into many languages.
[4]一般將來時的被動語態：will/shall+ be+及物動詞的過去分詞
Many more trees will be planted next year.
[5]含有情態動詞的被動語態：情態動詞+ be+及物動詞的過去分詞
Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.
[6]現在進行時的被動語態：am/is/are+being +及物動詞的過去分詞
My bike is being repaired by Tom now.
Trees are being planted over there by them.
[7]不定式的被動語態：to+be+及物動詞的過去分詞
There are twenty more trees to be planted.
[8]過去將來時的被動語態：would/should+ be+及物動詞的過去分詞
He said he would finish the work soon.
六 Word study & 詞彙學習
[1]jazz n. 爵士音樂
a kind of music
[2]musical adj. 音樂的
music student : the student who learned music
musical student :有音樂天賦的(當與人連用時)
[3]instrument n. 樂器
instrument=musical instrument
[4]clavichord n. 古鋼琴, 不是現代的piano
a kind of instrument
[5]recently adv. 最近
recently=lately
[6]damage v. 損壞
[7]key n. 琴鍵
key to the door
Do you know the key(答案)to the question?
key(關鍵)structure
[8]string n. (樂器的)弦
[9]shock v. 使不悅或生氣, 震驚
跟人的情緒有關的動詞的賓語往往是 「人」 (以sth為主語)
The news shocks me 這個消息使我震驚
凡是能夠用 「人」 做賓語, 又是表示人的情緒活動的動詞, 有兩個形容詞形成 :
[9-1]令人……; + -ing
[9-2]感到…… + -ed
It shocked me.
It is shocking.
I'm shocked.
get a shock n.
sb.get a shock
surprise 好事壞事都可以, 只要你沒有料到 I want to give you surprise.
shock 必指壞事, 令人不悅, 生氣的
[10]allow v. 允許, 讓
[10-1]allow doing
Smoking is allowed.＝people allow smokeing
[10-2]allow sb. to do sth
sb.be allowed to do sth.
You are allow to smoke(被動語態)
Allow常用於被動語態, 習慣上用被動
You are not allow to enter the room if you don't take the card with you
[11]touch v. 觸摸, 碰
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