記錄典型問題
分享教學方法
導語:關於介詞;連詞及副詞的問答時間
(S: 學生 T: 老師)
問題一:
S: 老師,for example 和such as如何區分?它們都屬於介詞短語嗎?
T: 共同點:
1.作為習語,二者都可定性為介詞短語;
2.都譯為「比如;舉例;譬如」
3.後都可接句子或短語或單詞。
不同點:
1.for example 後接句子時,通常加逗號;
2.for example 位置靈活,句首句中句尾皆可;
3.for example後一般加一個例子;
(說一般說明偶爾有例外)
4.such as有時可分開使用,即such+名詞+as;
5.such as 後列舉二個以上例子,但無需全部羅列,與like可互換使用。
例:
1. Football, for example,is very popular .
2. Wear something simple; for example,a skirt and blouse.
3. When I am tired, such as when I’m working
on the computer,I turn to bread .
4. I visited many countries,such as Japan,
Canada,Australia.
5. I visited such countries as Japan, Canada.
S:二者有共同點,是否可以互換使用?
T:比如例句3中的such as 可換為for example,但要加逗號:
When I am tired, for example, when I’m
working on the computer,I turn to bread .
問題二:
S: instead和instead of 怎麼區分?
T: 不同點:
1. 詞性不同:
instead是副詞;instead of 是介詞短語;
2. Instead後接句子,是要幹的事;
instead of 後接單詞或短語,是沒幹的事;
例:
1. She decided to leave here on Sunday
instead of Monday.
2. We have no coffee.
Would you like tea instead ?
問題三:
S: because 和because of 怎麼區分?
T:詞性不同:because是連詞,後接句子;
(所謂連詞—成句)
because of 是介詞短語,後接單詞或短語;
(所謂介詞—短語)
例:He didn’t know, because he was absent.
He didn’t know, because of his being absent.
He didn’t know, because of his absence.
S: 怎麼分辨是句子還是短語呢?
T: 1. 謂語動詞是一個句子存在的前提,或者說就那五大簡單句;而短語包括名詞短語、動詞短語、介詞短語、動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語、分詞短語、形容詞短語等;
2.短語有時並不短,短語裡含有句子,依然叫短語。比如:
the boy who is sitting there (名詞短語)
to do what you like (動詞不定式短語)
Knowing who you are and what you are
interested in (動名詞短語)
S: than是連詞還是介詞?後面跟句子還是短語?
T: than 既是連詞也是介詞,作為連詞,後跟句子;作為介詞,後跟單詞或短語。
例:She is a better player than last year.
She is a better player than she was last year.
總結:常見的既是介詞又是連詞的單詞:
1.than: prep./conj.比;較
2. after: prep./conj.在......之後
3. before : prep./conj.在......之前
4. till/until: prep./conj.直到......
5. since:prep.自從;conj.自從;既然
6. as:prep.作為;conj. 儘管;由於;當...時
7. for:conj.由於;prep. 為了
8. but :prep. 除了;conj. 但是
再強調:作為連詞,後跟句子;作為介詞,後跟單詞或短語。
本節課教與學心得體會:
詞性是單詞教學的重中之重,再怎麼強調都不為過;切不可將詞性作為模糊的存在,搞清詞性,學習也會變得自信!