BBC 6 Minute English 是 BBC Learning English 出品的英語學習節目。每周一期，每期約6分鐘，兩位主播圍繞某個話題展開對話，非常適合英音愛好者模仿學習。
Transcript
Note：This may not be a word-for-word transcript
Hello, I'm Rob. Welcome to 6 Minute English and with me in the studio is Neil. Hello, Rob.大家好我是羅伯，歡迎收聽英語六分鐘，今天我的搭檔是尼爾。你好，羅伯。Hello. Feeling bright today, Neil? I am feeling quite bright and clever, yes!你好。感覺今天頭腦靈光嗎，尼爾？是的，我感覺今天我非常聰明！That's good to hear. Well, you'll need all your wits about you – meaning you'll need to think very quickly in this programme because we're talking about intelligence, or to be more accurate, Artificial Intelligence.那很好。今天的節目中你要保持頭腦清醒，也就是需要你反應相當迅速，因為今天我們要討論的是智能，更準確來說是人工智慧。And we'll learn some vocabulary related to the topic so that you can have your own discussion about it. Now, Neil, you know who Professor Stephen Hawking is, right? Well, of course! Yes. Many people say that he's a genius – in other words, he is very, very intelligent.我們還會學習一些詞彙以便以後你自己討論這個話題時使用。尼爾，你知道史蒂芬·霍金教授是誰對吧？當然！我知道。很多人說他是個天才，換句話說就是他非常非常聰明。Professor Hawking is one of the most famous scientists in the world and people remember him for his brilliance and also because he communicates using a synthetic voice generated by a computer – synthetic means it's made from something non-natural. Artificial is similar in meaning – we use it when something is man-made to look or behave like something natural.霍金教授是世界最著名的科學家之一。人們記住他的一個原因是他的聰明才智，還有一個原因就是它是通過電腦合成的聲音來與他人溝通的。合成的意思是通過非天然的方式形成的。與人工的意思類似，用來表示看起來或者行動起來像是天然生成的而實際上是人造的事物。Well, Professor Hawking has said recently that efforts to create thinking machines are a threat to our existence. A threat means something which can put us in danger. Now, can you imagine that, Neil? !霍金教授最近表示人們試圖創造具有思維能力的機器對我們自身的存在會構成威脅。威脅是指某事物可以令我們陷入危險的處境。你可以想像嗎，尼爾？！Well, there's no denying that good things can come from the creation of Artificial Intelligence. Computers which can think for themselves might be able to find solutions to problems we haven't been able to solve.無可否認人工智慧的誕生給我們帶來了很多好的事物。可以自行思考的計算機可能會找到人類無法解決問題的答案。But technology is developing quickly and maybe we should consider the consequences. Some of these very clever robots are already surpassing us, Rob. To surpass means to have abilities superior to our own.但是科技在高速發展，或許我們應該考慮一下後果。這些相當聰明的機器人當中有一些已經超越了我們，羅伯。超越就是它們擁有比我們強的能力。Yes. Maybe you can remember the headlines when a supercomputer defeated the World Chess Champion Gary Kasparov, to everybody's astonishment. It was in 1997. What was the computer called, Neil? Was it: a)Red Menace b) Deep Blue c) Silver Surfer？是的。或許你還記得超級計算機打敗世界象棋冠軍加裡·卡斯帕羅夫的頭條新聞，當時大家都被驚呆了。當時是1997年。那臺電腦叫什麼？是a)紅色威脅b)深藍還是c)銀色衝浪者？I don't know. I think (c) is probably not right. I think Deep Blue. That's (b) Deep Blue. Okay. You'll know if you got it right at the end of the programme.我不知道。我想c)可能不對。我選b)深藍。好的。在節目最後你會知道你是不是選對了。Well, our theme is Artificial Intelligence and when we talk about this we have to mention the movies. Many science fiction movies have explored the idea of bad computers who want to harm us. One example is 2001: A Space Odyssey.我們的主題是人工智慧，說到人工智慧不得不提電影。很多科幻電影中已經出現過壞電腦企圖傷害我們的情節。一個例子就是《2001太空漫遊》。Yes, a good film. And another is The Terminator, a movie in which actor Arnold Schwarzenegger played an android from the future. An android is a robot that looks like a human. Have you watched that one, Neil?是啊，一部好電影。另一部是《終結者》，阿諾德·斯瓦辛格在影片中飾演了一個未來的人形機器人。人形機器人就是長得像人的機器人。你看過哪部電影嗎，尼爾？Yes, I have. And the android is not very friendly. No, it's not. In many movies and books about robots that think, the robots end up rebelling against their creators.是的，我看過。那個人形機器人並不是很友好。是的。在很多關於會思考的機器人的電影或者書中，這些機器人最後開始反抗他們的創造者。But some experts say the risk posed by Artificial Intelligence is not that computers attack us because they hate us. Their problem is related to their efficiency. What do you mean?但是一些專家稱人工智慧給我們帶來的風險並不是電腦會因為憎恨我們而攻擊我們。它們的問題與它們的工作效率有關。什麼意思？Well, let's listen to what philosopher Nick Bostrom has to say. He is the founder of the Future of Humanity Institute at Oxford University. He uses three words when describing what's inside the mind of a thinking computer. This phrase means 'to meet their objectives'. What's the phrase he uses?讓我們聽聽哲學家尼克·博斯特羅姆是如何說的。他是牛津大學人類未來研究所的創辦者，他在描述會思考的電腦的內心活動時用到了三個詞。這個短語的意思是「實現它們的目標」。這個短語是什麼？The bulk of the risk is not in machines being evil or hating humans but rather that they are indifferent to humans and that in pursuit of their own goals we humans would suffer as a side effect. Suppose you had a super intelligent AI whose only goal was to make as many paperclips as possible.最大的危險不是機器具有邪惡的本性或者憎恨人類，而是它們對人類一視同仁，而在它們追求自身的目標時我們人類可能會因為它們這樣做產生的副作用而受苦。設想你有一個無比聰明的人工智慧機器人，它的唯一目標就是製造儘可能多地迴紋針。Human bodies consist of atoms and those atoms could be used to make a lot of really nice paperclips. If you want paperclips it turns out that in the pursuit of this you would have instrumental reasons to do things that would be horrible to humanity.而恰好人類身體中的原子能夠製造出非常好的迴紋針。如果你想要迴紋針，結果在你的機器人追求這一結果的過程中你就會被它們當作一種工具使用，這對人類來說真是太可怕了。A world in which humans become paperclips — wow, that's scary! But the phrase which means 'meet their objectives' is to 'pursue their goals'. Yes, it is. So the academic explains that if you're a computer responsible for producing paperclips, you will pursue your objective at any cost…喔，一個把人類變成迴紋針的世界，太可怕了！但是那個短語是「實現他們的目標」，也就是「追求目標」。是的，是很可怕。所以這位學者解釋說，如果你是一臺負責生產迴紋針的電腦，你會不惜任何代價實現這個目標……… and even use atoms from human bodies to turn them into paperclips! Now that's a horror story, Rob. If Stephen Hawking is worried, I think I might be too. How can we be sure that Artificial Intelligence – be it either a device or software – will have a moral compass?甚至使用人體內的原子，將人類變為迴紋針！這是個驚悚的故事，羅伯。如果史蒂芬·霍金擔心了，我認為我或許也應該擔心。我們怎樣才能保證人工智慧——無論是設備還是軟體——受到道德標準的約束呢？Ah, a good expression — a moral compass — in other words, an understanding of what is right and what is wrong. Artificial Intelligence is an interesting topic, Rob. I hope we can chat about it again in the future.啊，這個短語用的好，道德標準，也就是對是與非的認識。人工智慧是一個很有趣的話題，羅伯。我希望我們以後還有機會討論它。But now I'm looking at the clock and we are running out of time, I'm afraid, and I'd like to know if I got the answer to the quiz question right? Well, my question was about a supercomputer which defeated the World Chess Champion Gary Kasparov in 1997.但是我現在看表發現我們的時間不多了，恐怕你應該告訴我我今天問題回答的是否正確了？好吧，我的問題是關於1997年打敗世界象棋冠軍加裡·卡斯帕羅夫的超級計算機的。What was the machine's name? Was it: Red Menace, Deep Blue or Silver Surfer? And I think it's Deep Blue.它的名字是什麼？是紅色威脅、深藍還是銀色衝浪者？我選的是深藍。Well, it sounds like you are more intelligent than a computer because you got the answer right. Yes, it was Deep Blue. The 1997 match was actually the second one between Kasparov and Deep Blue, a supercomputer designed by the company IBM and it was specialised in chess-playing.看來你比計算機還聰明，因為你答對了。是的，它是叫深藍。1997年的那場比賽實際上是深藍與卡斯帕羅夫之間的第二次比賽，深藍是IBM公司設計的一臺超級電腦，是一臺專門下象棋的電腦。Well, I think I might challenge Deep Blue to a game obviously. I'm a bit of a genius myself. Very good! Good to hear! Anyway, we've just got time to remember some of the words and expressions that we've used today, Neil.我想我或許有必要向深藍發起一次挑戰。我本人在這方面有一些天賦。很好！不錯！但是我們剩下的時間只夠複習我們今天學習的單詞了，尼爾。They were: you'll need your wits about youto surpass to pursue their goalsmoral compass Thank you. Well, that's it for this programme.往期回顧👇
BBC·6分鐘英語 | 1-300期 暢聽版
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BBC·6分鐘英語 | 306 頭腦訓練
BBC·6分鐘英語 | 307 電子菸
BBC·6分鐘英語 | 308 甜食的危害
BBC·6分鐘英語 | 309 獨立思考
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BBC·6分鐘英語 | 311 食物浪費
BBC·6分鐘英語 | 312 永遠年輕
BBC·6分鐘英語 | 313 帶薪睡覺
BBC·6分鐘英語 | 315 紳士風度
BBC·6分鐘英語 | 316 摩天大樓
BBC·6分鐘英語 | 317 邱吉爾的功與過
BBC·6分鐘英語 | 318 樹的智慧
BBC·6分鐘英語 | 319 世界之貧富
BBC·6分鐘英語 | 320 你喜歡喝茶嗎？
BBC·6分鐘英語 | 321 支付方式