鹽替代品可降低人群的血壓和高血壓發病率
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/2/19 9:07:20
秘魯佩魯納卡耶塔諾大學J. Jaime Miranda研究小組發現,鹽替代品可降低人群的血壓和高血壓發病率。這一研究成果2020年2月17日在線發表於國際學術期刊《自然—醫學》。
研究人員表示,用富含鉀的替代品來代替食鹽可以在可控情況下降低血壓,主要是用在高血壓患者中。
研究人員在一項隨機試驗(NCT01960972)中報告了該策略在整個人群中的實施情況。實驗家庭中的實驗被取走,並免費使用75%NaCl和25%KCl的組合代替品。研究人員在秘魯Tumbes的6個村莊裡共招募了2376名參與者。實驗結果分析顯示收縮壓平均降低1.29 mmHg(95%置信區間(95%CI)(-2.17,-0.41)),而舒張壓平均降低0.76 mmHg(95%CI(-1.39,- 0.13))。沒有高血壓的參與者中,在經過時間和群集調整的模型中,與對照組相比,使用鹽替代品可使患高血壓的風險降低51%(95%CI(29%,66%))。在24小時尿液樣本中,沒有證據表明鈉水平存在差異(平均值差異0.01; 95%CI(0.25,-0.23)),但研究結束時的鉀水平高於基線水平(平均值差異0.63) ; 95%CI(0.78,0.47)。這些結果表明,在人群中使用實驗替代品可降低血壓和高血壓發病率。
Title: Effect of salt substitution on community-wide blood pressure and hypertension incidence
Author: Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz, Vctor G. Sal y Rosas, Vilarmina Ponce-Lucero, Mara K. Crdenas, Rodrigo M. Carrillo-Larco, Francisco Diez-Canseco, M. Amalia Pesantes, Katherine A. Sacksteder, Robert H. Gilman, J. Jaime Miranda
Issue&Volume: 2020-02-17
Abstract: Replacement of regular salt with potassium-enriched substitutes reduces blood pressure in controlled situations, mainly among people with hypertension. We report on a population-wide implementation of this strategy in a stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial (NCT01960972). The regular salt in enrolled households was retrieved and replaced, free of charge, with a combination of 75% NaCl and 25% KCl. A total of 2,376 participants were enrolled in 6 villages in Tumbes, Peru. The fully adjusted intention-to-treat analysis showed an average reduction of 1.29mm Hg (95% confidence interval (95% CI) (2.17, 0.41)) in systolic and 0.76mmHg (95% CI (1.39, 0.13)) in diastolic blood pressure. Among participants without hypertension at baseline, in the time- and cluster-adjusted model, the use of the salt substitute was associated with a 51% (95% CI (29%, 66%)) reduced risk of developing hypertension compared with the control group. In 24-h urine samples, there was no evidence of differences in sodium levels (mean difference 0.01; 95% CI (0.25, 0.23)), but potassium levels were higher at the end of the study than at baseline (mean difference 0.63; 95% CI (0.78, 0.47)). Our results support a case for implementing a pragmatic, population-wide, salt-substitution strategy for reducing blood pressure and hypertension incidence.
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0754-2
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0754-2