大海在呼喚,如果我們不採取行動,到2040年,海洋內的塑料垃圾存量將會是現在的四倍,超過6億噸。如何解決海洋塑料汙染問題?
請看詳細報導↓↓↓
皮尤慈善基金會與SYSTEMIQ以及艾倫·麥克阿瑟基金會、牛津大學、利茲大學和共同海洋組織在內的知識夥伴一起,7月23日聯合發布了《力挽狂瀾:破除海洋塑料汙染》報告。
The Pew Charitable Trusts and SYSTEMIQ - with thought partners the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, University of Oxford, University of Leeds, and Common Seas - released on July 23 Breaking the Plastic Wave.
《力挽狂瀾:破除海洋塑料汙染》報告指出,如果我們不予行動,到2040年,市場中的塑料總量將會翻倍;
Breaking the Plastic Wave shows that by 2040, if we fail to act, the volume of plastic on the market will double,
每年流入海洋的塑料總量將會是現在的近三倍(預計從2016年的1100萬噸上漲到2040年的2900萬噸);海洋內的塑料垃圾存量將會是現在的四倍(超過6億噸)。
the annual volume of plastic entering the ocean will almost triple (from 11m tonnes in 2016 to 29m tonnes in 2040), and ocean plastic stocks will quadruple (reaching over 600m tonnes).
致力於淘汰有問題的和非必需的塑料包裝製品,並通過創新確保所有塑料包裝能安全地被100%重複使用、回收或堆肥,並能夠安全地和方便地進行循環,而不會成為廢棄物或產生汙染。
To eliminating problematic and unnecessary plastic packaging, and innovating so that all plastic packaging is 100% reusable, recyclable or compostable, and can be safely and easily circulated without becoming waste or pollution.
商界和政界應立即採取清晰行動,包括:
Businesses and governments shall set out clear urgent actions ,including:
淘汰我們不需要的塑料,不僅僅局限於不再使用吸管和塑膠袋,而是要迅速推廣新型產品交付模式,通過無包裝或可重複使用包裝的方式把產品交付到消費者手中。
ELIMINATE the plastics we don’t need – not just removing the straws and carrier bags – but rapidly scaling innovative new delivery models that deliver products to customers without packaging or by using reusable packaging,
設立遠大目標,減少使用原生塑料。通過這些方法,與現有模式相比,到2040年,塑料使用量應該可以削減近一半左右。
And setting ambitious targets to reduce virgin plastic use. Plastic use should be reduced by nearly 50% by 2040 compared to business-as-usual.
與當前相比,這相當於塑料使用的淨零增長。
This is the equivalent of net-zero growth in plastic use versus today.
加快設計研發速度,開發可重複使用、可循環或可堆肥的塑料產品。同時,為必要的基礎設施建設提供資金也至關重要,由此我們才能提高回收和循環相關產品的能力。
Rapidly design all plastic items to be reusable, recyclable or compostable. It is also crucial to fund the necessary infrastructure, rapidly increasing our ability to collect and CIRCULATE these items.
即便以最低成本計算,這也意味著每年需要持續投入300億美元。
This will require around USD 30 billion on-going annual funding in a best case scenario.
因此,我們急需在全球建立機制,增強循環的經濟效益,通過確保相關行業也能參與其中來提供穩定的資金流,例如生產者責任延伸制度(EPR)等產業主導倡議。
Therefore mechanisms that improve the economics of recycling and provide stable recurring funding streams with fair industry contributions, such as Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) or equivalent industry-led initiatives, must urgently be put in place globally.
以前所未有的速度和規模進行創新,包括創新商業模式、產品設計、材料、技術以及收集系統,從而加速向循環經濟的轉型。
INNOVATE at unprecedented speed and scale towards new business models, product design, materials, technologies, and collection systems to accelerate the transition to a circular economy.
如果塑料及垃圾處理產業加大研發力度,使之與機械產業同等水平,到2040年,每年將需要1000億美元的研發投入,是今天的4倍之多。
If the plastics and the waste management industries increased their R&D intensity to the same level as, for example, the machinery industry, it would create a USD 100 billion per annum R&D agenda by 2040 – a quadrupling of R&D investment versus today’s levels.
《力挽狂瀾:破除海洋塑料汙染》報告指出,與現有模式相比,到2040年,人類有望通過本報告中闡明的全面循環經濟措施每年節省2000億美元,
Breaking the Plastic Wave shows that compared with business-as-usual, the type of comprehensive circular economy approach set out in this paper has the potential to generate savings of USD 200 billion per year,
減少25%的溫室氣體排放,創造70萬淨增崗位。
Reduce greenhouse gases by 25%, and create 700,000 net additional jobs by 2040.
要扭轉塑料垃圾和汙染不斷增長的趨勢,我們需要迅速加大行動,加速向循環經濟的轉型。
To turn the tide on plastic waste and pollution, we need to radically increase our efforts and speed up the transition to a circular economy.
我們必須淘汰不必要的塑料,大幅削減原生塑料的使用。我們需要進行創新,創造新型材料和重複使用的商業模式。
We must eliminate the plastics we don’t need, and drastically reduce virgin plastic use. We need to innovate to create new materials and reuse business models.
我們需要加強基礎設施建設,以確保我們使用的所有塑料產品都能在經濟中循環,永遠不會成為廢棄物或產生汙染。
And we need improved infrastructure to ensure all plastics we use are circulated in the economy and never become waste or pollution.
現在的問題不是塑料產業的循環經濟願景是否可能,而是我們將如何採取行動,使願景成為現實。
The question is not whether a circular economy for plastic is possible, but what we will do together to make it happen.
來源:經濟日報·外企頭條工作室(圖片由艾倫·麥克阿瑟基金會提供)
記者:陳頤 朱琳
原標題:《加入「塑戰隊」,破除海洋塑料汙染》
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