#高考英語詞彙#
一、award /'wd/
n.獎品/金/狀,獎勵;v. 授予
【拓展】
award sth. to sb.
=award sb. sth.
把某物頒發給某人
win/receive/get an award for...
因……而贏得/得到/獲得獎項
【例句】
①The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race.
金牌將頒發給在自行車比賽中獲得第一名的人。
②She won an award for her outstanding performance.
她因出色的表現而獲獎。
【串記】
After being awarded, he announced 「So at this lovely night, I get the award, they own the hon-or. 」
獲獎之後,他宣布因此在這個可愛的夜晚,我獲得了這個獎項,而榮譽屬於他們。
【點津】
(1)要表示多少獎金,通常用「an award of+錢數」。
(2)表示「授予」時可接雙賓語。
【辨析】
award/reward/prize
awardv. & n.獎品;獎勵(重在重大貢獻);
rewardv. & n. 獎賞,報酬(重在指回報);
prizen. 獎品/金(指在競爭/競賽中或重大貢獻獲得的獎)。
二、aware /'we/
a. 知道的;意識到的 (反unaware)
【拓展】
be aware of
知道,意識到,覺察到
be aware that 從句
知道
awareness n. 意/認識; 明白,知道
raise the awareness of
提高…的意識
【例句】
①She was not aware of her danger.
她沒有意識到危險。
②Are you aware that this is China's internal affair?
你知道不知道,這是中國內政?
③We are not aware how long he has stayed here.
我們不知道他在這裡呆了多久了。
【串記】
Many people arestill not aware of the association between smoking and lung cancer. Something must be done to raise their awareness of risk of health.
許多人仍然不知道吸菸和肺癌之間的聯繫。必須採取措施提高他們對健康風險的認識。
三、back /bk/
ad.回(原處);向後;
a. 後面的;
n. 背後,後部;背;
v.後退;支持
【拓展】
at the back of
在……背後,在……後面
in the back of
在……的後部(同behind)
back and forth
來回,往返;援助
back down
放棄;讓步;退卻
back off
退出;不堅持
back up
支持;向後退,倒退
keep sb.back
阻止某人向前
keep sth.back
留下,保留;隱瞞,不告訴
background n. 背景
backpack n. 背包
backstage n. 後臺,在/向後臺
backward a. & ad. 向後(的) (反forward);落後的
backwards ad. 向後
【例句】
He walked back and forth, with the hands behind his back, looking very annoyed.
他來回走著,雙手放在背後,看上去很生氣。
【串記】
A boy sitting at the back ofthe room rose and put his backpack on his back. Walking out to the hill in back of the house. Nobody knew anything about his background except that he is from a backward village.
坐在房間後面的一個男孩站起來,把背包背在背上。走到房子後面的山上。除了知道他來自一個了落後的山村以外沒有人知道他的背景。
四、bad /bd/
a.壞的;劣質的(反good);嚴重的
【拓展】
be bad for
對…不利;對…有害
be bad at
不善於,不擅長
go bad
變壞,開始腐壞
go from bad to worse
每況愈下,越來越糟
badlyad.非常,很;嚴重地,厲害地;惡劣地
badly off
潦倒的(反well-off)
【例句】
Shy people are bad at associating with others.
害羞的人不善於與人交往。
【串記】
The food has gone bad. It will be bad forour health if we eat it. The condition of the fridge is going from bad to worse. It needs repairing badly.
食物變壞了。如果我們吃它會對我們的健康有害。冰箱的狀況越來越糟了。它急需修理。
五、balance /'bl()ns/
n. 平衡;餘額;
v. (使)平衡;結算;使相稱
【拓展】
(1)the balance of nature
自然平衡
keep/lose/break the balance
保持/失去/打破平衡
on balance
總的來說
(2)balance ...against ...
把……與……進行權衡
balance ... with ...
使……與……平衡
(3)balanced adj. 平衡的
keep a balanced diet
保持飲食均衡
【例句】
①So I suggest you should keep the balance between your study and entertainment, such as doing sports, listening to music and so on.
因此,我建議你應該保持學習和娛樂之間的平衡,如做運動、聽音樂等。
②Many people have come to realize that they should keep a balanced diet.
許多人開始認識到他們應該保持飲食均衡。
【串記】
Even if you have no balance in the bank card, you should have a balanced diet, you should eat fruit every day, and eat more vegetables. If youlose your balance, you will fall ill.
即使你的銀行卡上沒有餘額,你也應該有一個平衡的飲食,你應該每天吃水果,多吃蔬菜。如果你失去平衡,你就會生病。