TED簡介：2010 | 在制定了一個美好的新的人生規劃後，人們本能第一反應是去告訴別人，但是德雷克·西弗斯卻說最好不要洩露這個目標。這方面的研究可以追溯到20世紀20年代，研究表明為什麼當人們談論他們的雄心壯志後反而不可能實現它。
Everyone, please think of your biggest personal goal. For real -- you can take a second. You've got to feel this to learn it. Take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal, okay? Imagine deciding right now that you're going to do it.
請大家想想你們最大的人生目標，實際的人生目標。你得想一會兒，你有感覺知道你的目標。花幾秒鐘想想人生最大的目標，好麼？想像一下，立馬做出決定你將要做的事情。
Imagine telling someone that you meet today what you're going to do. Imagine their congratulations, and their high image of you. Doesn't it feel good to say it out loud?Don't you feel one step closer already, like it's already becoming part of your identity?
想像一下，告訴你今天遇到的人你將要做什麼，想像他們的祝賀和你在他們眼中的英偉形象。大聲說出來是不是十分爽？你是不是覺得更進一步了？貌似這已經成為你自己的一部分？
Well, bad news: you should have kept your mouth shut, because that good feeling now will make you less likely to do it. The repeated psychology tests have proven that telling someone your goal makes it less likely to happen. Any time you have a goal, there are some steps that need to be done, some work that needs to be done in order to achieve it.
嗯，壞消息：你最好閉嘴，因為你的自我感覺良好，在現實中反而使你不太容易實現目標。許多心理測試已證明：告訴別人你的目標，反而使目標不能實現。任何時候在你有個目標時，你得按計劃做些工作來實現這個目標。
Ideally you would not be satisfied until you'd actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal and they acknowledge it, psychologists have found that it's called a "social reality." The mind is kind of tricked into feeling that it's already done.
理想狀況下，除非你實際地做些工作，你才會滿足，但是當你告訴別人你的目標，大家也承認你的目標，心理學家發現，這被稱為一種社會現實。思維定勢讓你有種感覺到你的目標已經達到。
And then because you've felt that satisfaction, you're less motivated to do the actual hard work necessary.So this goes against conventional wisdom that we should tell our friends our goals, right? So they hold us to it.
然後，因為你感到滿足感，你不那麼積極地做實際需要的艱苦工作。這觀點和傳統觀點背道而馳，我們應該告訴我們朋友們關於我們的目標嗎，對嗎？他們鼓勵我們實現目標，對。
So, let's look at the proof. 1926: Kurt Lewin, founder of social psychology, called this "substitution."1933: Wera Mahler found when it was acknowledged by others, it felt real in the mind. 1982, Peter Gollwitzer wrote a whole book about this, and in 2009, he did some new tests that were published.
我們來看看這個證明。1926年，社會心理學的創始人庫爾特·勒溫稱這個為「替代」。1933年，偉拉馬勒發現:當你的目標被別人承認，在你腦子裡就好比這已經實現了。1982年，皮特哥爾維策爾關於此寫了一本書，在2009年，他公布了一些新的實驗證明。
It goes like this: 163 people across four separate tests. Everyone wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them announced their commitment to this goal to the room, and half didn't. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were told that they could stop at any time.
比如這個：163個人進行4組不同測試--每個人寫下他們各自的目標，然後一半實驗的人在房間裡宣布他們的目標承諾，另一半人保守目標。接下來每個人有45分鐘來工作，他們可以努力工作直至實現他們的目標，但他們在任何時候也可以停下來工作。
Now, those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes on average,and when asked afterward, said that they felt that they had a long way to go still to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes, on average, and when asked afterward, said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal.
那些不洩漏目標的人平均工作了整整45分鐘，在這之後的訪問，他們感到他們為了實現目標還有很長的一段路要走。但是那些宣布目標的人們平均工作大約33分鐘後就放棄了，當被問及時，他們感到快要接近目標了。
So if this is true, what can we do? Well, you could resist the temptation to announce your goal. You can delay the gratification that the social acknowledgment brings, and you can understand that your mind mistakes the talking for the doing.
所以如果這是事實，我們會怎樣做？好吧，大家可以抵制住宣布目標的誘惑。大家可以延遲這種社交承認帶來的滿足。大家明白腦子會把說的當成做的來替代。
But if you do need to talk about something, you can state it in a way that gives you no satisfaction, such as, "I really want to run this marathon, so I need to train five times a week and kick my ass if I don't, okay?"
但是如果你的確要談論一些目標，你說到這些目標時不帶有任何滿足感，例如，「我的確想要跑馬拉松，所以我需要每周訓練5次，如果我做不到，就踢我的屁股吧？」
So audience, next time you're tempted to tell someone your goal, what will you say?
所以觀眾們，下一次當你試圖告訴別人你的目標時，你會說什麼？
(Silence)Exactly! Well done.
完全正確，做對了。（對你的目標緘默，閉住嘴。保守秘密）
(Laughter)(Applause)
鼓掌
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