日常飲食調節小腸微生物組-上皮-免疫穩態和腸炎
作者：
小柯機器人發布時間：2020/9/4 17:42:16
以色列魏茨曼科學研究所Eran Elinav和Hagit Shapiro研究組的最新研究表明，日常飲食調節小腸（SI）微生物組-上皮-免疫穩態和腸炎。相關論文於2020年9月3日在線發表在《細胞》雜誌上。
在本文中，研究人員發現飲食含量和節律通過調控SI微生物組來調節SI上皮細胞（SIEC）晝夜變化的轉錄情況。研究人員利用SIEC II類主要組織相容性複合體（MHC）說明了這一概念，該複合體由不同的黏膜粘附SI共生菌晝夜調控，同時維持下遊上皮內IL-10+淋巴細胞調控的SI屏障功能的晝夜節律。通過晝夜節律紊亂、進食時間或含量改變或上皮特異性MHC II類耗竭，改變這種晝夜調控的飲食微生物組II類MHC-IL-10-上皮屏障通路會導致大量微生物產物進入小腸，從而導致克羅恩病樣腸炎。
總體而言，該研究重點介紹了可調SI微生物組、免疫和屏障功能的營養特徵，並確定了該通路的飲食、上皮和免疫檢查點，未來可在克羅恩病治療過程中加以利用。
研究人員介紹，在24小時內，小腸暴露於晝夜變化的食物和微生物組產生的抗原壓力，但保持精確的免疫穩態，當遺傳易感性個體免疫穩態受到幹擾時可能會導致克羅恩病。
附：英文原文
Title: Diet Diurnally Regulates Small Intestinal Microbiome-Epithelial-Immune Homeostasis and Enteritis
Author: Timur Tuganbaev, Uria Mor, Stavros Bashiardes, Timur Liwinski, Samuel Philip Nobs, Avner Leshem, Mally Dori-Bachash, Christoph A. Thaiss, Elisha Y. Pinker, Karina Ratiner, Lorenz Adlung, Sara Federici, Christian Kleimeyer, Claudia Moresi, Takahiro Yamada, Yotam Cohen, Xiao Zhang, Hassan Massalha, Efi Massasa, Yael Kuperman, Pandelakis A. Koni, Alon Harmelin, Nan Gao, Shalev Itzkovitz, Kenya Honda, Hagit Shapiro, Eran Elinav
Issue&Volume: 2020-09-03
Abstract: Throughout a 24-h period, the small intestine (SI) is exposed to diurnally varyingfood- and microbiome-derived antigenic burdens but maintains a strict immune homeostasis,which when perturbed in genetically susceptible individuals, may lead to Crohn disease.Herein, we demonstrate that dietary content and rhythmicity regulate the diurnallyshifting SI epithelial cell (SIEC) transcriptional landscape through modulation ofthe SI microbiome. We exemplify this concept with SIEC major histocompatibility complex(MHC) class II, which is diurnally modulated by distinct mucosal-adherent SI commensals,while supporting downstream diurnal activity of intra-epithelial IL-10+ lymphocytes regulating the SI barrier function. Disruption of this diurnally regulateddiet-microbiome-MHC class II-IL-10-epithelial barrier axis by circadian clock disarrangement,alterations in feeding time or content, or epithelial-specific MHC class II depletionleads to an extensive microbial product influx, driving Crohn-like enteritis. Collectively,we highlight nutritional features that modulate SI microbiome, immunity, and barrierfunction and identify dietary, epithelial, and immune checkpoints along this axisto be potentially exploitable in future Crohn disease interventions.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.027
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)31069-2
Cell：《細胞》，創刊於1974年。隸屬於細胞出版社，最新IF：36.216