It is the first time that……

2021-01-09 英語園丁冉老師

一. it作為人稱代詞，常用來指代動物或無生命的事物。It也可以表示時間、距離、任何自然現象等。此外it還可以在句中充當形式主語、形式賓語等，此時它本身沒有意義，只起到引導的作用。It還可以引導一些固定的句型，如強調句型，以加強語氣。

二. 代詞it的用法（I）

1. it用以指代上文提到過的事物。

例如:I love book. It can enrich my brain.我喜歡書，因為它可以充實我的大腦。

（冉老師有話說：該句中的it指代上文出現的「book」，後面為了避免重複，所以用代詞it指代。Enrich「充實」。）

2. it用以指代性別不明的嬰兒。（冉老師有話說：it除了指代性別不明的嬰兒之外，也常用以指代性別不明的大人。）

例如：My sister-in-law gave birth to a baby and it was very cute.我嫂子生了一個可愛的寶寶。

（冉老師有話說：該句中it指代前一句的a baby,因為不知道具體的性別，也不好用she或者he來指代，所以此時可以用it。該句中有兩個固定的搭配。Sister-in-law「嫂子；小姑子；弟媳」；give birth to「產生；造成；生孩子」。）

3. 表示時間、距離、自然現象、環境和情況等。

例如:It's a fine day today.今天是個好天氣。

（冉老師有話說：該句中it指代天氣。常用於關於天氣的疑問句中。）

It will be very quiet at the very time.那個時候正好會很安靜。

（冉老師有話說：it在該句中指代時間。）

4. it用以指代指示代詞this/that或不定代詞something/nothing等。

例如:-What's that?那是什麼？

-It's an apple.是個蘋果。

（冉老師有話說：答語中的it指代疑問句中的that。）

Nothing is perfect, is it?沒有什麼是完美的，對嗎？

（冉老師有話說：該句為反意疑問句，陳述句的否定詞nothing，在反意疑問部分用的是it來代指。）

5. it指代時間的常規句型：

①It be+時間段+since......

例如:It is a long time since we graduated from school.我們從學校畢業已經有很長時間了。

（冉老師有話說：主句為一般現在時，從句為一般過去時，因為畢業是發生在過去的動作，所以用一般過去時。該句為It be+時間段+since的固定搭配，同學們要注意的是中間的時間不是一個點，是一個時間段。）

②It be+時間段+before......

例如:It will be many years before you get your driving license.你拿到駕照將要許多年。

（冉老師有話說：該句為will引導的一般將來時的句子，句中採用了it指代時間的固定搭配句型。）

③It is time for sb to do sth./It is time that.....

例如:It is time for you to go to school你該上學去了。

（冉老師有話說:it指代時間，另外time可以換成high time/about time——It's high time for you to go to school.）

It's hight time that you should go to bed.你該睡覺了。

（冉老師有話說;it做主語，指代睡覺的這個時刻。）

④It is/was+時間+when引導的狀語從句。

例如:It was night when we got home.我們到家時已是傍晚。

（冉老師有話說：該句用的是一般過去時，說明這件事情相對於現在已經發生過了。）

⑤It is/was the first/second......time +that......(冉老師有話說：在該句型中，當主句的謂語動詞為is時，從句一般用現在完成時；當主句的謂語動詞為was時，從句一般用過去完成時。）

例如:It is the first time that I have driven a car by myself.這是第一次我自己一個人開車。

（冉老師有話說：序數詞可以選擇其他的來搭配，例如third time第三次。該句中的myself為反身代詞「我自己」，不明白的小夥伴可以查閱冉老師有關人稱代詞的歷史發文。主句的謂語動詞為is，所以從句搭配了現在完成時。driven為drive「開車」的過去分詞。）

⑥it的常用搭配

I got it.我懂了./I hope you can make it.我希望你能成功./I can't help it.我沒辦法了./We must fight it out.我們必須堅持到底./How is it with your English?你的英語怎麼樣啦？/It is all over with me .我完蛋啦。

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