本期外刊精讀選自The Economist關於英國運動服裝品牌Gymshark的報導:How social media made Gymshark
Gymshark是近年來在英國崛起的一個運動服裝品牌,其創始人是來自伯明罕的一名年輕人本·弗朗西斯。該品牌成功的重要原因是公司藉助Instagram等社交網絡進行宣傳,同時,西方最近興起的健身文化也讓更多人接受運動服裝。文章對此進行了分析。
文章小標題Primus Insta pares來自拉丁語primus inter pares,primus inter pares意思相當於a first among equals,即「同級別的一群人中地位最高的一個人」。作者將inter改為Instagram的縮寫Insta,寓意為「Instagram用戶中地位最高的人」,在文中指為Gymshark宣傳的各位社交網絡大V。下面是關於文章的詳細分析。
開頭段介紹了運動服裝品牌Gymshark及其創始人本·弗朗西斯的故事。
When richard branson, a serial entrepreneur, was 28, he snapped up a Caribbean island to impress a woman. In London he hobnobbed with rockstars and posed for a photograph in the bath, naked savefor a well-positioned copy of the Financial Times.
當連續創業者裡查德·布蘭森28歲時,他買下了一個加勒比海島以打動一名女子。他在倫敦和搖滾明星交際,在浴缸裡拍裸照,只在關鍵部位巧妙地放一份《金融時報》。
Richard Branson(查德·布蘭森)是英國著名企業家,他也是維珍集團的老闆。作者在文章開頭將查德·布蘭森與運動服裝品牌Gymshark的創始人進行對比,來突出兩者的不同之處。
Save在這裡是介詞,意思相當於except,比如:She answered all the questions save one. 她回答了所有問題,只有一個例外。
Now the same age, Ben Francis has made more money than the young Mr Branson had. But the Brummie founder of Gymshark, an athletic clothing brand, could hardly be less flamboyant.
同樣處於28歲的年齡,本·弗朗西斯現在已經比年輕時的布蘭森賺了更多錢。但這一名來自伯明罕的運動服裝品牌Gymshark創始人要比布蘭森低調很多。
XX could hardly be less flamboyant 是一個雙重否定句,可能不太好理解,它相當於:XX could not be less flamboyant,「XX已經很不高調了,不能再更加不高調了」,即「XX已經很低調了」。類似的例子還有韋氏詞典給出的一個例句:I could hardly be more pleased [=I'm very pleased] with the way things are going.
His black and grey outfit matches his HQ. When he isn’t working, he’s lifting weights, messing around with motorbikes or eating Nando’s. 「That’s literally all I do,」 he says. 「I’m a really boring person.」
他黑灰色的服裝風格與他公司總部的顏色相匹配。當他不工作時,他會舉重、玩摩託車或者吃烤雞店Nando’s的食品。他說:「這簡直就是我生活的全部了。我真是一個無聊的人。」
第二段介紹了本·弗朗西斯創立Gymshark的故事。
But the men share a lucrative knack forcapturing the zeitgeist. Mr Francis founded Gymshark from his parents』 garage in 2012, making gym gear his grandmother taught him to sew.
但這些人都有善於抓住時代潮流的天賦,這些天賦極具價值。弗朗西斯於2012年在他父母車庫中創立了Gymshark,他縫製健身服裝的技能是祖母教會他的。
Somebody shares/has a knack for doing something是一個固定搭配,意思是「某人有做某事的天賦」,例如:Some people seem to have a knack for making money.有些人好像天生有賺錢的本事。
On August 14th, General Atlantic, an American fund manager, bought a 21% stake in the firm, in a deal that valued it at more than 1bn ($1.3bn).
美國基金管理公司General Atlantic在8月14號買下了公司21%的股份,這場交易也讓公司估值超過了10億英鎊(合13億美元)。
That transformationmakes fora remarkable business story, but it also reveals how quickly gym culture is changing in the rich world.
公司的這一轉變造就了一個非凡的商業故事,但它同時也說明了富裕國家中健身文化的變化有多快。
That transformation指的是Gymshark從一家小創業公司變成一家估值10億英鎊的獨角獸這一過程。
XX makes for something是一個常見搭配,意思是「XX促成了某事」(to help to make something possible),例如:Constant arguing doesn't make for a happy marriage. 不斷爭吵不可能使婚姻幸福。
第三段分析了Gymshark成功的原因。
The brand’s early success owed much to men like Mr Francis. When he first started going to a gym at 16, he found it intimidating.
該品牌早期的成功很大程度上歸功於像弗朗西斯這樣的人。當他16歲開始去健身房時,他發現健身讓人感到緊張不安。
「You have no idea what you’re doing, you think everybody’s looking at you, you feel really self-conscious. Am I doing this bicep curl right?」 So he turned to YouTube and online forums for tips.
「你不知道自己在做什麼,你覺得每個人都在看著你,你會感到不自然。我這個二頭彎舉動作做對了嗎?」 為此,他在YouTube和在線論壇上尋找健身技巧。
His business milksthis merging of physical and online spaces. The 125 influencers Gymshark pays to market its brand on platforms like Instagram are role models as much as fashion models, offering the sort of encouragement Mr Francis once sought.
他的公司藉助這種線上和線下空間的融合來獲利。Gymshark付費讓125名網絡意見領袖在諸如Instagram這樣的平臺上宣傳公司品牌,這些人既是時裝模特,也是人們的榜樣。他們能夠提供弗朗西斯當初尋找的那種激勵。
Milk在這裡是熟詞生義,它作為動詞使用,意思是「借……牟利,撈好處」,比如:A few people tried to milk the insurance companies. 一些人試圖從保險公司敲一筆錢。
Instagram provides motive as well as means: muscular men in tight-fitting gear attract envy as well as romantic attention.
Instagram平臺提供了動機和手段:身穿緊身服的肌肉男能夠引起嫉妒以及浪漫的關注。
第四段分析了Gymshark成功背後的文化潮流因素。
But Gymshark would not be nearly as valuable if it were not for a second culture shift. That is the trend for 「athleisure」, wearing gym gear not just for working out.
但如果不是因為第二次文化轉變,Gymshark不會像今天一樣有價值。這一文化轉變是指「休閒運動」的潮流,即人們不僅僅是在運動的時候穿著健身服裝。
第一句使用了虛擬語氣,假設與現在事實相反的情況,句子補充完整後相當於 But Gymshark would not be nearly as valuable (as it is today) if it were not for a second culture shift. 同時,a second culture shift也呼應了前文的句子:…but it also reveals how quickly gym culture is changing in the rich world.
Though Gymshark initially targeted beefy male weightlifters, women now account for about two-thirds of its sales. And, as Melis Kahya Akar of General Atlantic is quick to point out, they are the bigger spenders.
儘管Gymshark最初針對的是大塊頭的男性舉重者,女性用戶現在貢獻了其銷售額的三分之二。同時,正如基金管理公司General Atlantic的梅利斯·卡亞·阿卡所敏銳指出的一樣,她們是更大的消費群體。
Many women wear Gymshark to lift weights, but plenty favour fit and fashion over performance.
很多女性用戶穿著Gymshark的衣服去舉重,但比起衣服帶來的性能提升,她們很多人更看重衣服的合身性和時尚性。
Social media allow Gymshark to target distinct demographics simultaneously. A study in 2018 by Linus Juhlin and Miretta Soini, then MBA students in Sweden, explains how it works.
社交媒體讓Gymshark能夠同時定位不同的目標群體。萊納斯·朱林和米雷塔·索尼在2018年進行了一項研究(他們當時還在瑞典讀工商管理學碩士),研究報告對此進行了解釋。
結尾段介紹了兩名研究者的成果。
The authors studied the Instagram posts of 30 Gymshark influencers, including such big noisesas fitgurlmel, who has 1m followers.
論文作者研究了30名Gymshark意見領袖在Instagram上的帖子,這些意見領袖包括像fitgurlmel這樣的大人物(他有一百萬關注者)。
Big noise是一個固定搭配,意思是「要人,有影響力的人」(an important and powerful person in an organization)。
Male influencers were more than twice as likely as their female counterparts to pose while working out, but much less likely to stress the fit, colour and design of the gear.
男性意見領袖比起女性有兩倍多的機率會在健身的時候擺姿勢拍照,但他們很少會突出健身服裝的舒適度、顏色和設計。
Fit在這裡是名詞,意思是「適合,合身」,比如要表達「這條連衣裙非常合身」,可以說:The dress is a perfect fit.
「Gym settings were common in the male influencers』 posts,」 the authors wrote. In posts by women, poses were more commonly 「lifestyle-related」; one wore a sports bra to a basketball game.
作者們寫道:「健身房背景經常出現在男性意見領袖的帖子裡面。」而在女性用戶的帖子中,她們拍照時擺的姿勢更多與「生活方式相關」;一名用戶在籃球比賽中穿著運動文胸上場。
So Mr Francis can afford to be boring. A tribe of Instagrammers will do the talking—and the selling—for him.
因此弗朗西斯可以繼續那種無聊生活,因為有一大群用戶會幫他宣傳和銷售公司的產品。
So Mr Francis can afford to be boring. 與文章第一段最後一句形成了呼應:「I’m a really boring person.」 這樣能讓文章在邏輯上更加連貫。