Learning aims:1. 關係副詞where/when/why引導的定語從句
1. 關係副詞引導定語從句
在定語從句中，關係副詞主要有3個：when, where和why.
1）when 在定語從句中表時間，作狀語，其先行詞往往是表示時間的名詞，如：time, day, season, age, occasion 等。
I can’t forget the night when I came to the farm.
翻譯：__________________________________________________
2)where在定語從句中表示地點，作狀語，其先行詞通常是place, city, town, factory, table, village, house等表示地點的名詞 situation, case, condition, point等表示抽象意義的名詞。
The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.
翻譯：____________________________________________________
The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.
翻譯：____________________________________________________
3) why在定語從句中表示原因，作狀語，先行詞一般是reason.
That is the reason why I did so. 翻譯：___________________________
I don’t know the reason why he didn’t come to school yesterday.
翻譯：_____________________________________________________
【注意】
1)並非先行詞表示時間、地點或原因時,引導詞就用when, where 或why;若定語從句中不缺狀語而缺主語或賓語則須用which或 that引導定語從句。
I』ll never forget the days______ we worked together.
I』ll never forget the days ______we spent together.
Do you know the reason ______he failed in the exam this time?
The reason _____he gave me was reasonable.
2) when, where, why,引導的定語從句可用「介詞+which」來替換。其介詞可根據先行詞和定語從句中的謂語動詞來判斷。
A. when相當於at/in/on/during等+which.
The date on which he joined the Party was July 1，1984.
翻譯：
B. where相當於at/in/on/等+which
The house in which he lived is a library now.
翻譯：
C. why相當於for+which.
Is that the reason for which he was absent from class?
翻譯：
2. 介詞+關係代詞（which, whom）引導的定語從句
1) 介詞+which 在定語從句中充當時間，地點，原因狀語，相當於when, where, why.(上邊已經講述)
2) 介詞+which/whom, 關係代詞作介詞的賓語，這是我們學習定語從句的重點，也是高考的常考點。which指物，whom指人。在這種結構中，介詞的選擇非常關鍵, 可根據定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞來選擇介詞。也可根據從句的相關動詞來選用。
This is the professor from whom I have learnt a lot.
翻譯：
Have you see the pen with which I write my homework.
翻譯：
In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.
翻譯：
【注意】在日常英語中通常把介詞放在從句的句末，省略關係詞which/whom
This is the professor (whom/that) I have learned a lot from.
This is the camera (which/that) he often takes photos with.
【學法點撥】
1）「介詞+關係代詞」引導定語從句時，介詞的選取必須遵循「一先；二動；三意義」的原則。即：
a.根據先行詞的搭配而定；
b.根據定語從句中謂語動詞的搭配而定；
c.根據整句話的意義而定。
2)介詞+關係代詞引導定語從句時，介詞的選擇應注意幾個問題：
a.有的介詞時定語從句中詞組的固定搭配拆開的結果，用什麼介詞由從句的動詞決定。
He is the boy who / whom I was talking to. =He is the boy to whom I was talking.
翻譯：
b.有的介詞是根據句意添加上去的，即用什麼介詞由先行詞決定。
He employed 30 men, of whom 12 were from his hometown.
翻譯：
c.定語從句中的詞組若是十分密切的固定搭配，一般不拆開。
The baby who/whom my sister takes care of is very lovely.
翻譯：
【誤區警示】：當定語從句的動詞和介詞是不可分割的固定搭配時，介詞不能放到關係介詞之前。
當堂檢測
1. — We』ll take the conditions into careful consideration you have attached to this contract.
—Thanks. Hope for further cooperation.
A．as B．which C．where D.what
2. Do you remember a certain occasion ______ you were in trouble and at that moment I gave you a hand.
A. where B. which C. why D. when
3. There are moments_______ we remember our childhood days with fondness, embarrassment, regret or mixed feelings.
A. when B. that C. which D. Where
4. Leave him a note at the reception desk, he will learn how to find you.
A. which B. from which C. with which D. on which
5. How about your job-hunting？
No luck．Now，I』ve reached the stage ________I don’t care what I do．
A. which B．where C．when D. that
6. More teens are smoking in Beijing, ______ the number of primary and middle school students picking up the habit has more than doubled from previous years.
A. which B. when C. where D. that
7. I can think of many cases ________the media have a strong effect on young men.
A. why B. where C. as D. which
8. After graduation she reached a point in her career ___ she needed to decide what to do
A. that B. what C. which D. where
9. Judging from his face_______ there was a confident smile, we knew that he didn’t lose heart.
A. in which B. from which C. by which D. on which
10.Lisa, I guess we』d better fix a navigational（導航儀）to the car_____ we can find our way easily.
A. which B.that C.from which D.with which
11. In English class, our teacher often creates an environment ______we are given the opportunity to solve problems ourselves.
A. when B.which C.where D. that
12. A turning point for the continuously high housing price won’t appear suddenly because there must be a certain process______ many factors lead to the change.
A. which B. what C. where D. that
13. We have spotted the location, ______we thought is the site of Emperor Qin Shihuang.
A. that B. what C. which D.where
14. ---When did the young man save you?
----January 1st, 2000, the first day of the new century, _______I can never forget.
A.when B which C.that D.where
15. I've read all the books _______you gave me. A. which B. them C. what D. that
16. There isn't much _______I can do. A. what B. which C. that D. how
17. Tell us about the people and the places _______are different from ours. A. that B. who C. which D. whom
18. The TV play I watched last night is the best one _____I have watched this year. A. which B. what C. whose D. that
19. Last Sunday they reached Qingdao, _______a conference was to be held. A. which B. that C. when D. where
20.Is this the museum_______ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one
21.I began to work in Beijing in the year _______New China was founded. A. when B. that C. which D. where
22. There is no difficulty _______can't be overcome in the world. A. that B. which C. who D. what
23. Who is the person _______is standing at the gate of Beijing Tourism Tower? A. who B. that C. which D. whom
定語從句學案答案
1.1） 我不能忘記我來農場的那晚。
2）我父親工作的工廠在城市西部。
這個國家正處在隨時有可能爆發戰爭的局勢中。
3）這是我這麼做的原因。
我不知道他昨天為什麼沒來學校。
【注意】
1）when; which; why; why
2)A. 他入黨的日期是1984年7月1日。
B．他住過的那棟房子現在是圖書館了。
C．那就是他曠課的原因嗎？
當堂檢測
1.B 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.D9.D 10. D 11.c 12.c 13.c 14 B 15.D
16.C 17.A 18.D 19.D 20.A 21 A 22 A 23 B