強調句型 → It is /was+ 被強調部分 + that/who +其他
1.作用:由普通陳述句轉換而來;用來強調句子的主語、賓語和狀語;it 沒有字面
意思,只是用來構成句型結構;這種強調句型的意思是「是....../正是/就是......」。
2.用法:1)that/who只起到連接作用,不作句子成分,但不能省略。
2)不管強調哪種句子成分,也不管是被強調的是人還是事/物,都可以用that。
3)如果被強調的是人,既可以用that,也可以用who。
4)原句子謂語動詞是現在時(一般現在時、現在進行時、現在完成、現在完成進行時等)或將來時(一般將來時、將來進行時、將來完成時等),
強調句用It is+ 被強調的部分 + that/ who…
5) 原句子謂語動詞是過去時(一般過去時、過去進行時、過去完成時、過去將來時等),強調句用:It was+ 被強調的部分 + that/ who…
(1). I bought a nice dress in the supermarket last night.
我昨晚在超市買了一條漂亮的連衣裙。
強調主語:It was I that/who bought a nice dress in the supermarket last night.(就/正)是我昨晚在超市買了一條漂亮的連衣裙。
強調賓語: It was a nice dress that I bought in the supermarket last night.
我昨晚在超市買的是一條漂亮的連衣裙。
強調地點狀語:It was in the supermarket that I bought a nice dress last night.我昨晚是在超市買了一條漂亮的連衣裙。
強調時間狀語:It was last night that I bought a nice dress in the supermarket我是在昨晚在超市買了一條漂亮的連衣裙。
(2)We go to school by bus on weekdays.
強調主語:It is we that/who go to school by bus on weekdays.
強調方式狀語: It is by bus that we go to school on weekdays.
(3)They have planted many trees since they came to the park.
強調賓語:It is many trees that they have planted since they came to the park.
強調時間狀語:It is since they came to the park that they have planted many trees.
(4)All of us will join in the discussion tomorrow.
強調主語: It is all of us that/who join in the discussion tomorrow.
(5)I had arrived home when he called me.
強調時間狀語:It was when he called me that I had arrived home.
6)在強調not ... until... 結構中until引導的時間狀語時,要用特別的強調句型:
It is/was not until ... that ... ,也就是until ... 作為被強調部分提前的同時,not 也要一併提前,變成 not until ... 。that後只能用肯定形式
My father didn't come home until 12 o'clock last night.
昨晚我父親直到12點才回來。
→It was not until 12 o'clock last night that my father came home.
昨晚我父親(是)直到12點才回來。
I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
直到她取下墨鏡我才意識到她是個著名的影星。
→It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.(是)直到她取下墨鏡我才意識到她是個著名的影星。
3.特殊的強調句型
1)強調句型的一般疑問句→Is /Was it + 被強調部分 + that/who +其他
You were born in this hospital.你在這家醫院出生。
→ It was in this hospital that you were born. 你就是在這家醫院出生的。
→Was it in this hospital that you were born? 你就是在這家醫院出生的嗎?
備註:其實質可以理解為對一般疑問句中的某一成分進行強調,將「It is /was + 被強調部分」變為一般疑問句語序,that/who 後須使用陳述句語序。
Were you born in this hospital? →Was it in this hospital that you were born?
Does he play footall every day? → Is it every day that he plays football?
2)強調句型的特殊疑問句 → 特殊疑問詞+ is /was it + that +其他
→其實質是對特殊疑問句中的疑問詞進行強調;首先將疑問詞作為強調部分,套入強調句型結構中,變為「It is /was + 疑問詞」,然後再將其變為疑問句語序,that 後須使用陳述句語序;特殊疑問句中一般只有疑問詞可以強調。
Where were you born? 你哪裡出生?
→ Wherewas it that you were born?你(究竟)是在哪裡出生的?
What did you want to see? 你想要看什麼?
→ Whatwas it that you wanted to see? 你想要看的(究竟)是什麼?
How many people can take part in the game? 多少人能參加這場比賽?
→ How many peopleis it that can take part in the game?
(究竟)是多少人能參加這場比賽?= 能參加這場比賽的(究竟)是多少人?
4.強調句型與it 構成的其他句型的區別
→判斷方法:還原法。即把It is/was 和that/who去掉,剩餘成分仍能重新構成
一個具有完整意義的句子,則原句就為強調句,否則就不是。
It is the fact that has made us unhappy. 就是這個事實使我們不高興(強調句)
It is a fact that he has lost the game. 事實是他已經輸了這場比賽(主語從句)
It is for three hours that they have worked.他們已經工作三個小時了(強調句型)
It is a wonder that he is still alive.他還活著真是個奇蹟(主語從句)
→其他it 構成的句型:
It is/was+時間+ when ...(時間狀語從句) ;It is/has been+時間+ ... since ...(時間狀語從句)
It was midnight when I got back home yesterday.
It is/has been two years since I began to learn English.