考點解讀
重難點（講解）
介詞的含義非常豐富，在學習中要善於歸納，並藉助短語學習來加強記憶。
重難點一：「動詞+介詞」搭配：注意特定搭配與同一介詞與多個動詞搭配意義不同的情況。
① rob sb. of sth. / clear the road of snow(「奪去、除去」意義的動詞與of 連用)
② supply us with food / fill the glass with wine（「供給」意義的動詞與with連用）
③ make a desk of wood / make bread from flour / make the material into a coat（「製作、製造」意義與of、from、into連用）
④ 介詞 + the + 部位與動詞的關係（=動詞 + sb.’s + 部位，可換用）
strike him on the head(「擊，拍，碰，摸」意義與on連用)
catch him by the arm(「抓，拉，拿，扯」意義與by連用)
hit the boy in the face（「肚，胸，眼，臉」等人體前部與in連用）
⑤ prevent (stop, keep) sb. from doing sth. (「阻止，禁止」意義與from連用)
⑥ persuade (advise, warn) sb. into doing sth.（「說服，建議」意義與into連用）
⑦ buy sb. for sth. (leave、get、win、gain、lose等「得失」意義與for連用)
⑧ tell sth.to sb.(show、teach、sing、write、read等「告知」意義與to連用)
⑨ give sth. to sb.（give、allow、promise、pass、hand等「授予」意義與to連用）
注意：⑦ ⑧ ⑨可換成buy sb.sth.雙賓結構。
同一動詞與不同介詞搭配意義不同。
同一介詞與不同動詞搭配，意義各異。
reply to the letter回信，sing(dance)to the music和……唱（跳），amount to 達到，加起來有……，devote to把……貢獻給，drink to為……乾杯，object to反對，look forward to 渴望，come to甦醒，belong to屬於，search for搜……，ask … for … 尋找，use … for用作，leave for前往，take … for誤以為，call of倡導，wait for等待，care for喜歡，make up for彌補損失，turn to求助（救）於，help oneself to隨意，agree to同意，compare … to把……比作，send for派人去請（拿）……，sail for駛向，航向，set out for動身去，go in for愛好……。
重難點二：常見「形容詞 + 介詞」搭配。
worthy of值得的，glad about sth. for sb.為某人某事高興，far from離……遠，grateful for sth. to sb.為某事感激某人，free from沒有……（免除……），proud of(take pride in)自豪，satisfied with (by)滿意，sure of / about確信，fond of喜歡，fit for適合，busy with sth.(in doing sth.)忙著幹某事，full of充滿，ready for準備，similar to相似，wrong with不對；有毛病……
重難點三：名詞 + 介詞要注意習慣搭配和意義區分。
the absence of water缺水
the hope of success成功的希望
have a chance of (for) entering college上大學的機會
take pride in them為他們感到驕傲
the key to the question問題的答案
a medicine for cough治咳嗽的藥
the ticket for tomorrow明天的票
his absence in Beijing去了北京
his absence from Beijing不在北京
the way to study學習方法
the way of studying maths學習教學的方法
重難點四：介詞與名詞搭配的規律
一般來說，同源的動詞、形容詞和名詞後面所跟的介詞相同。例如：
Whether we can have a picnic tomorrow depends on the weather.
Whether we can have a picnic tomorrow is dependent on the weather.
The dependence of the crops on the weather made farming very uncertain.
其他的例子還有：
be interested in-----have an interest in
operate on----operation on
compare sth. to/with----in comparison to/ with
refer to----reference to
但也有一些例外。例如：
He is quite confident of himself.
=He has confidence in himself.
Let’s hope for the best.
There is little hope of success.
典型例題
— I’m looking for a nearby place for my holiday. Any good ideas?
— How about the Moon Lake? It is ________ easy reach of the city.（2013年上海英語高考）
【答案】within
【解析】此處考查介詞的搭配。out of/within one』s reach表示為「在某人夠不到/夠得著的地方」。根據對話意思，推薦的Moon lake是一個比較近的地方，所以得出答案。
______ passion, people won’t have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.（2012年上海英語高考）
【答案】Without
【解析】此處考查介詞的意思。根據整句話可以體會出句子表達的意思是「沒有激情，人們就沒有創造性思維的動力或快樂」。
Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you ______ the tough years.（2011年上海英語高考）
【答案】through
【解析】此處考查介詞的意思。根據句子意思，想要表達的是「感謝那些幫助你度過艱難歲月的人」。所以使用through。
Sean has formed the habit of jogging ______ the treelined avenue for two hours every day.（2010年上海英語高考）
【答案】along
【解析】此處考查介詞的意思。根據句子意思，是表達「沿著林蔭道慢跑」，所以填入along，表示「沿著」。
Four Chinese models were ______ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition. （2009年上海英語高考）
【答案】among
【解析】此處考查介詞的意思。根據句子意思，是14人中的四個中國模特，表示「在三個或三個以上中」，使用among。
學法點睛
1、專題特點與學習方法
介詞在高中語法中算是較難的一個知識點。早在初中階段就已經出現很多高中常見的介詞，但是由於高中詞彙的增加，很多搭配不被學生所熟悉。目前介詞在上海高考中主要在語法填空及翻譯、寫作中考查。這三部分中主要是對介詞意思和搭配的考查。掌握此知識點首先要對與介詞搭配的動詞、形容詞及名詞等的意思的熟悉。其次，學習中注意對同一介詞與不同詞搭配以及同一詞與不同介詞搭配的意思積累。學生一般要做到對考綱短語的搭配中的介詞要熟悉。
2、解題技巧
⑴ 考查介詞意思的，要注意對句子意思的仔細推敲，反覆嘗試；
⑵ 考查介詞搭配的，除了對句子意思要有了解外，還要能夠回憶起對應的搭配用法。
過關檢測
鞏固測試：
1. The start of a new year brings hope —hope _____better health, more happiness and greater success. （寶山、靜安、楊浦、青浦2013二模25題）
2. Lending him money would be equivalent, in my opinion, _______ throwing it away. （長寧、嘉定2013二模25題）
3. Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly _____ size and shape. （奉賢2013二模25題）
4. In 2012, Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, ______the delight of the Chinese people. （虹口2013二模25題）
5. The capital will further limit the number of rush-hour subway passengers to cope with the growing pressure _______ the network. （黃浦2013二模25題）
6. Some abstract modern paintings were ______ my understanding; I simply couldn’t figure out what the painters really wanted to tell us. （閔行2013二模25題）
7. Those students with unrealistic goals often put themselves ______more stress than others. （浦東新區2013二模25題）
8. Your generous donation can make a huge difference ______ the life of those living below the poverty line. （徐匯、松江、金山2013二模25題）
9. If you have a self-centered attitude, it is, in my view, too selfish _____ you when making friends with others. （寶山、靜安、楊浦、青浦2012二模25題）
10. This kind of mistake, strange as it appears, is quite common ______ young English beginners. （閔行2012二模25題）
11. If you want your children to be independent, put some responsibilities ______ their shoulders. （浦東2012二模25題）
12. It is believed that those who attend lessons _____ great concentration are more likely to be top ones. （寶山2012一模25題）
13. Being a movie star can be quite a hard life, with a lot of traveling owing _______ a heavy schedule. （長寧2012一模25題）
14. The bridge connecting the two islands is ______ construction and is expected to be completed in October. （崇明2012一模25題）
15. You answered every question properly, and you were totally qualified _____ this job. （黃浦2012一模25題）
提升測試：
1. The lift in that tall building went wrong and got trapped ________ floors. People in it had no way to get out. （普陀2013二模25題）
2. The CEOs of many famed international companies are participating _________ special observers in this year’s Mayor’s Forum(論壇). （閘北2013二模25題）
3. Many young people say that they want to be more independent, but sometimes they use this as an excuse ___________ irresponsible behavior. （長寧2012二模25題）
4. Germs are everywhere, just waiting to enter your body and infect you ________ a cold, the flu or other sicknesses. （崇明2012二模25題）
5. After a series of unsuccessful attempts, he has finally passed the test _________entering his dream company. （奉賢2012二模25題）
6. Girls are said to be more diligent and attentive at school, who score well __________ average in most subjects. （虹口2012二模25題）
7. The key _________ success is to choose a right goal, plan your path and then get started. （黃浦、嘉定2012二模25題）
8. It has been clearly stated that whoever can solve the problem first shall be entitled ________ the great honour--- 「Talent of the School」. （徐匯、松江、金山2012二模25題）
9. In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys--13.8%, far _______ the national average. （楊浦2012二模25題）
10. Any property insurance company won't cover damages from natural disasters such as earthquake or flood as it's something ___________ control. （閘北2012二模25題）
11. You will see what great benefit the computers you own can be _________ every time we use them. （虹口2012一模25題）
12. Should people pursue their own happiness__________ the expense of others? （靜安2012一模25題）
13. The January Proficiency Oral Test is actually close__________ hand. （浦東2012一模25題）
14. It is__________ any doctor’s power to confine the drug-resistant germ, so many people are infected. （青浦2012一模25題）
15. China's July 23 train accident has shaken citizens' confidence__________ the high-speed railways. （松江2012一模25題）
附【參考答案】
鞏固測試
1.for 2. to 3. in4. to 5. on 6. beyond 7. under 8. to 9. of 10. among11. on 12. with 13. to
14. under15. for
提升測試
1. between2. as 3. for 4. with 5. for 6. above 7. to 8. to 9. below 10. beyond 11. of 12. at 13. at
14. beyond15. in