句子成分的分析是英語閱讀的根基，一起來鞏固學習一下吧！
構成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；
主要成分有主語和謂語；
次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補足語和同位語。
一、主語
主語（subject)：主語是一個句子所敘述的主體,一般位於句首。
主語可由名詞、代詞、數詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。
1.Jane is good at playing the piano.
2.She went out in a hurry.
3.Four plus four is eight.
4.To see is to believe.
5.Smoking is bad for health.
6.The young should respect the old.
7.What he said is true.
8. It is necessary to master a foreign language. （it作形式主語，真正的主語為後面的不定式)
二、謂語
謂語說明主語所做的動作或具有的特徵和狀態，即說明主語做什麼或怎麼樣。通常由動詞充當.
動詞常分為實義動詞,系動詞,情態動詞和助動詞.
He ate two eggs this morning.
She cleans her room every day.
She came．
The bird died
三、賓語
賓語表示動作的對象或承受者，一般位於及物動詞和介詞後 面,分別稱為動賓和介賓。
1.We study English.
2.He is looking at them.
3.He has refused to helpthem.
4. She enjoys reading.
5. I don't believe what he said.
6. She found itnecessary to learn a foreign language.
△雙賓語：指人的是間接賓語，指物的是直接賓語。
He gave me two books.
四、表語
表語位於系動詞之後，用以說明主語的身份、特徵和狀態。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數詞、不定式、動名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示。
1.Our English teacher is an American.
2. The weather has turned cold.
3. The speech is exciting
4.His job is to teach English.
5. His hobby（愛好）is playing football.
6. Time is up.The class is over.
7. The machine must be out of order.
8.The truth is that he has never been abroad.
五、賓語補足語
英語中有些及物動詞，只跟一個賓語還不能表達完整的意思, 必須加上一個補充成分來補足賓語, 才能使意思完整。（去掉賓補句子就不完整，甚至說講不通。）
賓語補足語: 位於賓語之後對賓語作出說明的成分。可以用作賓語補足語的有名詞, 形容詞, 不定式,動名詞, 分詞, 介詞短語等。
The story made us happy.
這類常用的及物動詞有 ：
make, consider, cause, see, find, call, get, have, let.
六、定語
定語，用來修飾、限定名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。定語可由以下等成分表示：
1.Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容詞）
2. China is a developing country; America is a developed country.（分詞）
3.My mother bought a birthday cake for me.（名詞）
4. Her brother is a teacher.（代詞）
5.Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（不定式短語）
6.The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（動名詞）
7.He is reading an article about how to learn English.（介詞短語）
8.She is the girl who sings best in my class.（定語從句）
七、狀語
狀語是修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子的句子成分, 說明方式、 原因、結果、條件、時間、地點、讓步、方式、程度、目的、伴隨情況等。可用作狀語的有副詞, 不定式, 分詞, 介詞短語, 從句等。(位置靈活，句首，句中，句末都行）
1.I will be back in a while. 時間狀語
2.They are playing on the playground. 地點狀語
3.He was late because he got up late. 原因狀語從句
4.I got up so late that I missed the train. 結果狀語從句
八、同位語
同位語是在名詞或代詞之後並列名詞或代詞或名詞短語，對前者加以說明的成分。（後者就是前者）
1. We young people should respect the old. 名詞
2.He himself will do the experiment. 代詞
3.He is the oldest among them four. 數詞
4.He told me the news that our team won the game. 同位語從句