名詞是代表事物,地點或人的名稱的詞。例如,computer, Sam, Beijing, science都是名詞。名詞可以分成可數名詞和不可數名詞。
01可數名詞
可數名詞是可以計數的東西,例如蘋果,書籍,汽車等等。以下是一些使用可數名詞的句子:
How many apples are there in the basket?She has two cars and two bikes.I don't have any books in my bag.
02不可數名詞
不可數名詞是諸如信息,葡萄酒或奶酪之類無法計數的名詞。以下是一些使用不可數名詞的句子:
How much time does it take to go to school?She doesn't have a lot of money.The boys enjoy themselves.
不可數名詞通常是液體或難以計數的物品,例如大米和麵食或者是諸如誠實、驕傲和悲傷之類的概念。
How much rice do we have at home?She doesn't have much pride in her country.We bought some juice for lunch.
03可數和不可數的名詞
一些名詞可以是可數的,同時也可以是不可數的,例如「fish」,因為它可以表示魚的肉或單個魚。像「chicken」和「turkey」這樣的詞也是如此。
I bought some fish for dinner the other day. (魚肉,不可數)My brother caught two fish last week at the lake. (單個的魚,不可數)
測試一下
通過以下簡短測驗,檢查一下對常見可數和不可數名詞的理解:以下單詞是可數的還是不可數的?
carwine happiness orange sand booksugar
04何時使用a,an或some
將「 a」與可數的且以輔音開頭的單數名詞一起使用,例如book,car或house。將「some」用於不可數名詞,例如milk,time或pasta。或者可數名詞複數,如books,cars或houses。將「 an」與可數的以元音開頭的單數名詞一起使用,如orange,egg或apple。
測一測,以下這些單詞是否使用a,an或some?
book winerice apple music tomato rain CDegg food
05什麼時候使用many和much
「many」和「much」的使用取決於這個單詞是可數的還是不可數的。
「 much」用於不可數的名詞。通常在疑問句和否定句中使用「much」。 而在肯定的句子中使用「a lot of」或「some」。:
How much time do you have this afternoon?I don't have much fun at parties.Jennifer has a lot of good sense.
「many」用於可數名詞。「 many」通常用於疑問句和否定句中,也可以用於肯定句,但肯定句中更常見的是使用「some」或「a lot of」。
How many people are coming to the party?She doesn't have many answers.Jack has many friends in Chicago.
測一測。用「some」,「a lot of」,「many」或「much」填空。
How ____ money do you have?I don't have ____ friends in Los Angeles.How ____ people live in your city?She wants _____ time off work this month.How____does that book cost?They don't have ______ time this afternoon.How ____ rice is there?I would like to have _____ wine, please.How ____ apples are there in the basket?Peter bought ______ glasses at the store.How ____ gas do we need?He doesn't have _____ rice on his plate.How ____ children are in the class?Jason has _____ friends in Miami.How ____ teachers do you have?