《《 語言學習始於聽力 》》
BBC 6 Minute English 每周一期，每期約6分鐘，兩位主播圍繞一個話題展開對話，並伴有生詞講解，適合中等程度學習者模仿學習。
Transcript
Note：This may not be a word-for-word transcript
Hello andwelcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Dan.Let me just sitdown. Ah! And I'm Neil.Neil, are youwearing high heels?Hang on. Ah!Not any more!Agony! How do womendo this?Why on earthare you wearing them?Well, I wantedto look fashionable and cool!Everyone knowsthat high heels are the height of fashion – on the street, at work and atparties.大家都知道高跟鞋是時尚的巔峰——在街頭，工作和派對上。I'm not so sureyou're right there, Neil.Our topic forthis 6 Minute English is about the rise in popularity of the comfy shoe.我們這期六分鐘英語的主題是關於舒適的鞋子越來越受歡迎。However, beforewe step into that, let's have our quiz question.Which famoussports clothing company's first pair of running shoes was inspired by thesquare pattern on a waffle-making machine?哪家著名的運動服裝公司的第一雙跑鞋的靈感來自於華夫餅機的方形圖案？Was it: a)Adidas b) Nike, or c) Puma?Well, I have noidea, so I'm going to say Adidas because that's got marks.好吧，我不知道，所以我說是阿迪達斯，因為那有分數。We'll have towait until later to find out.So, what do youthink of when I say comfy shoes?Well, comfy isan adjective which is an informal way of saying 'comfortable'.好的，"comfy"是一個形容詞，它是"comfortable"的一種非正式說法。So, I supposewe're talking trainers.But I wasalways told that trainers weren't appropriate for everywhere, like work andmany formal or social places, such as parties, bars and clubs.但我總是被告知運動鞋並不適合所有場合，比如工作和許多正式場合或者社交場所，比如派對上，酒吧和俱樂部。Well, thatcertainly used to be the case, but that may not be as true any more.Victoria Mossis the Senior Fashion Editor at the Telegraph newspaper in the UK.Hereshe is speaking on BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour about why trainers are consideredmore fashionable these days.在BBC廣播4頻道Woman's Hour節目中她講述了為什麼現在運動鞋被認為是更加時尚的。Is it somethingthat's happened very recently?Well I thinkit's been, sort of, coming on for a while.And I think onething in fashion in the last 10 years has been a, sort of, mass casualisationof everything.而且我認為在過去十年中流行的一件事情就是所有事物的大規模休閒化。And there'sbeen a big streetwear trend, which has filtered through.So, is itsomething that's happened very recently?She said thatthere has been a mass casualisation of things over the last 10 years.Casualisationhere means 'the process of becoming less formal and more relaxed' – 'morecasual'.這裡的"休閒化"意味著"變得不那么正式，更放鬆的過程"——"更隨意"。Yes! Societyhas relaxed its idea of what is considered formal or appropriate.In addition,we're told there has been a big streetwear trend.Streetwear is astyle of casual clothing worn especially by young people from urban settings –that's the city.街頭風是一種休閒穿衣風格，特別是來自城市的年輕人——那指的是城市。This trend hasfiltered through.If somethingfilters through, it appears or happens gradually over time.如果某事物"filters through"，它會隨著時間的推移逐漸出現或發生。So, presumably,the trend for streetwear filtered through from its specialised area into mainstreamfashion until everyone was following it.所以據推測，街頭風的潮流從其特定領域逐漸出現在主流時尚中，直到每個人都追求這種潮流。Well, thatexplains why trainers are more fashionable these days, but it doesn't explainwhy people are wearing them more.好吧，那就解釋了為什麼現在運動鞋更加時尚，但這並不能解釋為什麼人們更多地穿運動鞋。Not everyonefollows fashion, you know.Yes, Neil I cansee that when I look at you.But you'reforgetting the comfy part.Emma Supple isa podiatrist – a foot doctor - who also spoke on Woman's Hour.艾瑪 ·蘇普拉是一名足病醫生——一名足科醫生——她也在Woman's Hour節目發言。Here she isexplaining why being comfy is so important.What are peopledoing more these days that they weren't before?So what we'reactually talking about is, actually, people, for wellness walking more anddoing more… and they're not going to do that in a lot of high heels… sotrainers are changing the materials.所以我們實際上談論的是，實際上人們為了健康步行更多，做的更多……而且他們不會在穿著高跟鞋的時候那樣做……所以運動鞋的材質正在變化。There are now alot of fabric trainers and if you've inherited foot problems, then that kind offabric… they're wrapping around knobbly bits, and knobbly bits hurt.現在有很多棉布運動鞋，而且如果你遺傳了足病，那麼那種棉布材質……它們會包裹著凸起的地方，凸起的地方會受傷。What are peopledoing more?They're walkingmore and they're doing it for wellness.Wellness is thestate of being healthy.As a result,trainers have had to change their materials to fabric to make themselves morecomfortable.Not only that,but if you have any foot problems, these fabric, or cloth, trainers are betterat fitting to the shape of your foot.不僅如此，如果你有任何足部問題，這些棉布或布料的運動鞋會更適合你的腳型。That means ifyou have any knobbly bits, they won't hurt as much, which makes trainers morecomfortable for everyone!這意味著如果你有任何凸起的地方，它們不會受到太大的傷害，這使得運動鞋對每個人來說都更加舒適！Knobbly is anadjective that means 'lumpy' – 'having many raised areas on the surface'."Knobbly"是一個形容詞，意思是"凹凸不平的"——"表面上有很多凸起的區域"。So, it's thecombination of a change in fashion and a change in materials that's madetrainers and other comfy shoes more popular than ever, right?因此，時尚的改變與材質的改變相結合使得運動鞋和其它舒適的鞋比以往更受歡迎，對嗎？And hard on theheels of that revelation, we can reveal the answer to our quiz question.Earlier I askedwhich famous sports clothing company's first pair of running shoes was inspiredby the square pattern on a waffle-making machine.早些時候我問，哪家著名的運動服裝公司的第一雙運動鞋的靈感來自於華夫餅機的方形圖案？Was it: a)Adidas b) Nike, or c) Puma?Sorry. Theanswer is Nike.In 1971 theirco-founder Bill Bowerman was having breakfast when he saw the waffle machineand it inspired the design of Nike's first running shoe.1971年，他們的聯合創始人比爾·鮑爾曼吃早飯的時候看到華夫餅機，這激發了耐克第一款運動鞋的設計靈感。Let's hope itwas comfy one.Aha! It must betime to review our vocabulary!So, first wehad comfy – an adjective which is an informal ways of saying 'comfortable'.所以，首先我們學習了"舒適的"——一個形容詞，它是"輕鬆的"一種非正式的說法。Then we hadcasualisation.This describesthe process of things, such as fashion or behaviour, becoming less formal andmore casual.這描述了像時尚或舉止這類事情變得不那么正式和更加隨意的過程。That describesa style of casual clothing that is worn especially by young people who live incities.那描述了特別是居住在城市的年輕人的休閒服裝穿著風格。Then we heardfiltered through.然後我們聽到了"filtered through"。If somethingfilters through, it appears or happens gradually over time.如果某事物"filtered through"，它會隨著時間的推移逐漸出現或發生。For example,has it filtered through to you yet, Neil, that high heels were a mistake?They didn't doanything for my wellness, I can tell you, which means'the state of beinghealthy'.我可以告訴你，它們對我的健康沒有任何作用，那指的是"健康的狀態"。And lastly, wehad knobbly.This adjectivemeans 'lumpy' or 'having many raised areas on the surface' - like skin when itgets cold.這個形容詞的意思是"凹凸不平的"或"表面有許多凸起的區域"—— 就像冷的時候的皮膚一樣。Do you haveanything knobbly on your foot, Neil?Probably! Myfeet are killing me!I think we'vefound your Achilles heel!However, it'stime to go.In themeantime, you can find us in all the usual places online and on social media,just look for BBC Learning English.與此同時，你可以在網上和社交媒體上的所有常見地方找到我們，只需查找BBC教學英語。新書預告
書名：高中英語長難句解析
作者：孫偉
出版社：上海社會科學院出版社
出版時間：預計2021年3月
歷史資源
BBC 6分鐘 | 第一季合輯
BBC 6分鐘 | 第二季合輯
為上海中學生提供英語解決方案