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她一直在，陪你一起努力來源：the guardian衛報 | 分類：世界·社會·心理正文：4130，預計閱讀時間：11分鐘文章均選自四六級、考研英語中的常用外刊❓📝帶著問題去閱讀：
1. 如何理解文中的「myth」？
2. 「便利貼」如何用英語表達？
3. 對於今天的文章，你有什麼想說的嗎？文末討論區見~
Natalie Grover ▏OCTOBER 7, 2020
Conventional wisdom is that people living in big cities are less likely than smaller towns to help strangers in need, but new research suggests the likelihood of securing assistance is associated with socio-economic factors, and has little to do with the anonymity3 and the fast pace of urban living.
傳統觀點認為，與小城鎮相比，住在大城市的人更不願意幫助有需要的陌生人，但新的研究表明，獲得幫助的可能性與社會經濟因素有關，與城市生活的匿名性和快節奏幾乎沒有關係。
Researchers at University College London (UCL) measured whether people posted a lost letter, returned a dropped item, and stopped cars to let someone cross the road in 37 different neighbourhoods in 12 cities and 12 towns across the UK.
倫敦大學學院(UCL)的研究人員在英國12個城市和12個城鎮的37個不同街區對人們是否投遞丟失的信件、歸還丟失的物品和停車讓人過馬路進行了測量。
The lead author, Elena Zwirner, conducted the dropped item and road-crossing experiments in person, while letters addressed to her with a post-it saying: 「Could you post this for me please? Thank you」 were dropped on the pavement or left on car windscreens.
該研究的第一作者埃琳娜·茲沃納(Elena Zwirner)親自進行了「遺失物品」和「穿越馬路」實驗，實驗對象是寄給她的帶有便利貼的信件，上面寫著：「能幫我把這個寄出去嗎?」「謝謝你」被扔在人行道上或留在汽車擋風玻璃上。
Overall, there were 1,367 instances4 where a member of the public had the opportunity to help the experimenter – and in 643 (47%) of occasions, help was given. Data showed that 485/879 (55.1%) letters were returned, 130/398 (32.7%) people helped the experimenter to pick up some dropped items and 28/90 (31.1%) cars stopped.
總的來說，共有1367個公眾成員有機會幫助實驗者的例子，其中643個(47%)的例子中，實驗者得到了幫助。數據顯示，有485/879(55.1%)的信件被退回，130/398(32.7%)的人幫助了實驗者撿起掉在地上的物品，28/90(31.1%)的汽車停了下來。
The main variable influencing whether help was offered was neighbourhood wealth, not population density, the researchers found.
——文末討論區可打卡翻譯——
Existing literature suggests that when people lack material security, things like food and shelter, they tend to invest in small, tight social networks — and helping and cooperation is very high within those networks, but not necessarily outside of them, she said.
現有的文獻表明，當人們缺乏物質保障，比如食物和住所時，他們傾向於投資於小型的、緊密的社交網絡——在這些網絡中，幫助和合作是非常高的，但在這些網絡之外就不一定了，她說。
「Because helping another person is inherently5… a risk, you pay a cost to help someone and you might or might not get a return on investment」 she said.
她說：「因為幫助他人本質上是一種風險，你為幫助他人付出了代價，但你可能會或者不會得到投資回報。」
■譯文來自機器翻譯和嬤嬤修正，僅供參考。
■橙色字體為謂語★代表文末有拓展閱讀
1. indifferencenoun [ U ]
US /ɪnˈdɪf.ɚ.əns/ UK /ɪnˈdɪf.ər.əns/
<英文釋義：lack of interest in someone or something>
他對是非之間的差別根本就無動於衷。
2. mythnoun
US /mɪθ/ UK /mɪθ/
<英文釋義：a commonly believed but false idea>☆ Contrary to the popular myth, women are not reckless spendthrifts.和人們的普遍觀念恰恰相反，女性並不是胡亂揮霍者。
noun [ U ]
US /ˌæn.əˈnɪm.ə.t̬i/ UK /ˌæn.ɒnˈɪm.ə.ti/
<英文釋義：the situation in which someone's name is not given or known>☆ In the cash world, anonymity can be a cloak for wrongdoing.在現金世界，匿名性可能成為做壞事的一個幌子。
noun [ C ]
US /ˈɪn.stəns/ UK /ˈɪn.stəns/
<英文釋義：a particular situation, event, or fact, especially an example of something that happens generally>☆ A teacher should be good at drawing inferences about other cases from one instance.老師要善於舉一反三。
相關習語：
░for instance
例如；比如
比如說，如果你發現有職員偷東西，你會怎麼辦？
░in the first instance
(formal) 第一；首先
首先是報警，然後與你的保險公司聯繫。
adverb
US /ɪnˈhɪr.ənt.li/ UK /ɪnˈher.ənt.li/ /ɪnˈhɪə.rənt.li/
<英文釋義：in a way that exists as a natural or basic part of something>
☆ Any system implementing this behavior is inherently insecure.任何實現這一行為的系統其本質都是不安全的。
In its simplest form it tells us where on Earth at any time a GPS receiver is.它以最簡單的形式告訴我們任何時候GPS接收器在地球上的什麼位置。░找主幹： it tells us.
XXX告訴XXX。
- It是主語。
- tells 是謂語，背著一般現在時時態且三單。
- us作賓語。
░狀語：
In its simplest form
- In帶領著以何種形式/方式
on Earth at any time
- on帶領著在哪裡在何時
░賓語從句：where [on Earth at any time] a GPS receiver is.
- where 是連接副詞，引導著賓語從句。
- is 是該從句中的謂語，背著一般現在時時態。
░其他：its 是物主代詞。us 是人稱代詞賓格。a 是不定冠詞。
■以上資料來自網絡，由嬤嬤整理編輯。
■以上觀點，不代表嬤嬤本人立場。
May Stars Guide Your Path.