肌球蛋白II(10S)抑制形式的冷凍電鏡結構獲解析
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/12/4 13:26:55
美國麻薩諸塞大學醫學院Roger Craig研究小組解析出肌球蛋白II(10S)抑制形式的冷凍電鏡結構。該項研究成果於2020年12月2日在線發表在《自然》雜誌上。
通過具有足夠解析度的冷凍電鏡,研究人員解析了平滑肌10S肌球蛋白的結構,從而能夠更好地理解分子的頭部和尾部區域的功能以及引起抑制作用的關鍵分子內接觸。這項研究結果為了解肌球蛋白II的激活模式以及相關位點的致病機理提供了一種原子模型。
據介紹,肌球蛋白II是使肌肉細胞收縮和使非肌肉細胞移動並改變形狀的運動蛋白。該分子的兩個相同的頭部連接在一條細長的尾巴上,可以兩種構象存在:10S和6S,以其沉降係數命名。 6S構型具有延伸的尾巴,並組裝成聚合物細絲,這些細絲拉動肌動蛋白絲以產生力和運動。在10S肌球蛋白中,尾巴被摺疊成三段,頭向後彎曲並彼此相互作用,尾巴形成一個緊湊的構象,其中ATPase活性、肌動蛋白激活和細絲組裝都被高度抑制。
這種關閉的結構似乎在肌肉和非肌肉細胞中起著關鍵的能量存儲作用,可以根據需要將其激活來形成功能性細絲,但是其抑制機理尚不清楚。
附:英文原文
Title: Cryo-EM structure of the inhibited (10S) form of myosin II
Author: Shixin Yang, Prince Tiwari, Kyoung Hwan Lee, Osamu Sato, Mitsuo Ikebe, Ral Padrn, Roger Craig
Issue&Volume: 2020-12-02
Abstract: Myosin II is the motor protein that enables muscle cells to contract and nonmuscle cells to move and change shape1. The molecule has two identical heads attached to an elongated tail, and can exist in two conformations: 10S and 6S, named for their sedimentation coefficients2,3. The 6S conformation has an extended tail and assembles into polymeric filaments, which pull on actin filaments to generate force and motion. In 10S myosin, the tail is folded into three segments and the heads bend back and interact with each other and the tail3,4,5,6,7, creating a compact conformation in which ATPase activity, actin activation and filament assembly are all highly inhibited7,8. This switched-off structure appears to function as a key energy-conserving storage molecule in muscle and nonmuscle cells9,10,11,12, which can be activated to form functional filaments as needed13—but the mechanism of its inhibition is not understood. Here we have solved the structure of smooth muscle 10S myosin by cryo-electron microscopy with sufficient resolution to enable improved understanding of the function of the head and tail regions of the molecule and of the key intramolecular contacts that cause inhibition. Our results suggest an atomic model for the off state of myosin II, for its activation and unfolding by phosphorylation, and for understanding the clustering of disease-causing mutations near sites of intramolecular interaction.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-3007-0
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-3007-0