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- Hello, everyone and welcome back to English With Lucy.
大家好，歡迎回到「跟著Lucy學英語」。
Today I'm going to talk to you about how to describe personality and character in English, and I'm going to help you with your pronunciation.
今天的課呢，Lucy要跟大家討論怎樣用英語去描述人的性格特點。還有呢，Lucy今天還要幫助你們解決發音的問題。
Before we get started I'd just like to mention, the sponsor of today's video, it is Italki.
那在我們開始之前呢，我想先介紹下，今天課程的贊助商-Italki。
If you haven't heard of Italki before, it's a huge online database of both native and non native speakers who give one to one lessons, 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
如果大家今天第一次聽到Italki的話，大家可以了解下，它是一個大型的在線資料庫，包含了大量母語人士和非母語人士，他們可以連續提供每周七天、每天24小時的課程。
You can learn English and over 100 other languages, from anywhere in the world as long as you have a stable internet connection.
大家可以在Italki上面學習包括英語在內的100多種語言。無論你在世界的哪個地方，只要你有穩定的網絡，你就能跟他們學習語言啦。
It's a really affordable way of learning a language, much cheaper than offline academies and in person tutors.
在Italki上面學英語呢也是很經濟實惠的，相比很多線下的培訓學校和私人導師，這種學習模式真是不要太便宜哦。
So many people message me and ask me how they can meet and contact and practise with native speakers.
很多人私信我，問我他們怎麼才能見到母語人士，怎麼才能和他們溝通、練習英語。
Italki is a really good option because aside from the native qualified teachers, they also have community teachers who practise conversation with you.
Italki真的是個不錯的選擇，因為它上面除了有有資質的母語教師，還有社區老師，社區老師可以跟大家對話練習。
Italki have given me a special offer to pass on to you, you will receive $10 worth of Italki credits, in your student wallet within 48 hours of making your first purchase of any amount.
Lucy這裡有Italki的課程優惠券分發給大家，大家將會收到價值10美元的Italki學分，就存在大家的學生帳戶中哦，但是收到這個學分的前提是，大家要在48小時內訂購任意數額的課程哦。
Just click on the link in the description box to sign up.
快點擊描述盒裡的連結註冊吧！
Right let's get started with the lesson.
好的，那我們開始今天的課程吧！
By the end of this lesson, you will know 72 adjectives that can be used to describe personality and character.
今天課程結束的時候呢，大家就會學到描述人的性格特點的72個形容詞。
I've divided them into positive or approving adjectives and also negative or disapproving adjectives.
我將它們分成了兩大類，一種是褒義的或者說是贊成的形容詞，另一種是貶義的或者說不贊成的形容詞。
For each adjective I've included the IPA transcription so you can really focus on the pronunciation and also the definition.
我也對每一個形容詞進行了國際音標的轉錄，所以大家可以把注意力集中在發音和定義上哦。
Let's start with personality category number one.
那我們開始講解第一類性格特點吧！
The adjectives within this first group, describe how willing you are to communicate with others.
第一組的形容詞，描述的是你願意與他人交流的程度。
So we have extroverted, extroverted.
我們來看看「性格外向的」這個詞，「性格外向的」。
Someone who is extroverted is lively and confident and enjoys being around other people.
一個性格外向的人是很活潑的、自信的，而且喜歡和別人待在一起。
The opposite or the antonym, for this adjective is introverted, introverted.
而它的反義詞，「性格外向的」的反義詞是「性格內向的」，「性格內向的」。
So, this describes somebody who is more interested, in their own thoughts and feelings, than they are in spending time with other people.
那麼，這個詞是形容一個人更在意，他自己的想法或感覺。這對他們來說，是比和別人待在一起是更重要的。
We also have talkative, talkative.
我們還有這個詞「話癆的」，「話癆的」。
This describes somebody who likes to talk a lot, then on the other hand, we have quiet, quiet which means tending not to talk a lot.
這個詞是形容一個人話特別多。那麼它的反義詞就是「安靜的」，安靜意思是一個人話特別少。
Next, confident, confident.
下一個要說的是「自信的」，「自信的」。
This means feeling sure about your ability to do something and be successful and the antonym for this is shy, shy.
這個詞的意思是對自己的能力有信心，覺得自己能成功，它的反義詞就是「害羞的」，「害羞的」。
Someone who is shy is nervous about meeting people or speaking to people.
當一個害羞的人見到別人或者和別人談話時會很緊張。
Right our second category talks about how you make others feel.
好的，我們的第二類詞討論的是你給別人的感覺。
Firstly we have warm, warm.
首先我們講解的是「溫暖的」，「溫暖的」。
Someone who's warm shows enthusiasm and affection and is friendly.
這個詞形容一個人熱心、有愛，還很友好。
On the other hand we have cold, cold.
它的反義詞就是「冷漠的」，「冷漠的」。
Be careful with that O vowel sound.
這裡呢，要注意O這個元音的發音。
I do actually have a video on that which I will link down below.
Lucy確實做了一個關於這個的視頻，就在下面的連結哦。
Someone who is cold is without emotion and unfriendly.
一個人冷漠就是說他沒有感情、不友好。
Next we have kind, kind.
下面我們要說的就是「友好的」，「友好的」。
This means caring about others, gentle and friendly.
這個詞形容一個人關心別人、溫柔、友好。
On the opposite side we have unkind, unkind.
它的反義詞是「不友好的」，「不友好的」。
This means unpleasant, unfriendly, maybe even slightly cruel.
這個詞的意思是使人不愉快的、不友好的，有可能還有點殘酷的。
And then we have sweet, sweet.
我們還有這個詞「親切的」，「親切的」。
Someone who is sweet shows a kind character.
一個親切的人會顯示出善良的品質。
The opposite is nasty, nasty.
它的反義詞就是「陰險的」，「陰險的」。
A nasty person is an unkind person,
一個陰險的人是不善良的。
The third category is how you treat the feelings of others.
第三類詞是用來形容你如何對待別人的感受。
First we have considerate, considerate.
首先我們有這個詞「體貼的」，「體貼的」。
If you're consider you are always thinking of the feelings of others.
如果你是體貼的人，那麼你總是會考慮到別人的感受。
If you're not considerate, then you might be inconsiderate, inconsiderate.
如果你不體貼的話，那麼這個詞就可以來形容你-「不顧別人的」，「不顧別人的」。
This means not giving enough thought about other people's feelings or needs.
這意味著沒有充分考慮他人的感受或需求。
We also have thoughtful, thoughtful.
我們也有「深思熟慮的」，「深思熟慮的」。
If you are thoughtful, then you show that you care and consider other people's feelings and needs.
如果你是深思熟慮的，那意味著你充分考慮他人的感受或需求了。
The opposite is thoughtless, thoughtless.
那麼它的反義詞就是「考慮不周的」，「考慮不周的」。
This means that you don't care about the possible negative effects of your actions or words.
這個詞的意思你沒考慮到你的言行可能帶來的負面影響。
Then we have tactful, tactful.
接下來我們說「圓滑的」，「圓滑的」。
This means that you're careful not to say or do anything that might upset or anger other people and the antonym for that is tactless, tactless.
這個詞的意思是你可能不會去說一些話做一些事使別人不高興。它的反義詞是「言行不得體的」，「言行不得體的」。
That's quite a hard one to say with the ct combination.
ct放在一起發音比較難發出來。
Tact, tactless, this means that you say or do things that might upset or anger other people.
如果你是言行不得體的人，意味著你可能會說一些話做一些事惹惱別人。
Our next category discusses how much people might be able to trust you.
我們的下一組詞討論的是人們對你的信任程度。
First up, we have trustworthy, trustworthy.
首先，我們有「值得信賴的」，「值得信賴的」。
We use a voiced th sound,
我們用濁音//，
I often hear it mispronounced as trustworthy but it should be worthy.
我常聽人把它念錯成/trstwθi/，正確的讀法應該是 /'trs(t)w/ 。
Your voice should be constant, it shouldn't cut out at any point.
你的聲音要連貫起來，在任何地方都不要停止。
Someone who's trustworthy then it means you can rely on them to be good and honest.
一個值得信賴的人意味著你可以依賴他，他是善良和誠實的。
On the other hand we have untrustworthy, untrustworthy.
它的反義詞就是「不可信賴的」，「不可信賴的」。
This is somebody who cannot be trusted.
這個詞形容一個人不可信。
We also have reliable, reliable.
我們也有「可靠的」這個詞，「可靠的」。
If someone is reliable then you can trust them to do something well.
如果一個人是可靠的，那麼你可以相信他能把事情做好。
On the other hand, we have unreliable, unreliable, meaning that you cannot trust them to do something well.
它的反義詞就是「不可靠的」，「不可靠的」。意思就是你不能相信他們能把事情做好。
You can't depend on them.
你不能依靠他們。
Then we have loyal, loyal.
然後我們有「忠誠的」這個詞，「忠誠的」。
This means remaining faithful and supportive.
這意味著一個人保持著忠誠和支持。
Then we have disloyal, disloyal.
它的反義詞就是「不忠的」，「不忠的」。
This means not loyal or faithful.
這意味著不忠誠或不可靠。
Next, we're going to discuss adjectives that describe how honest you are with others.
接下來，我們將討論描述你對他人有多誠實的形容詞。
We have sincere, sincere.
我們有「真誠的」，「真誠的」。
This means that you show what you really think or feel.
這意味著你表達了你的真實想法或感受。
On the other hand we have insincere, insincere.
它的反義詞就是「虛偽的」，「虛偽的」。
If someone is insincere they say or do things that they don't really mean.
如果一個人很虛偽，意味著他們說的或做的事情並不是他們真正的意思。
Next we have frank, frank which can actually sometimes be negative or disapproving as well as approving.
下一個我們來看看「直率的」這個詞，「直率的」。這句話有時可以是貶義詞或是否定的詞，也可以是褒義詞。
So it all depends on the tone of voice or the context.
所以，這完全取決於說話的語調或上下文語境。
If someone is frank, it means they are honest or direct and there's sometimes at risk of hurting other people's feelings because of this.
如果某人是直率的，意思是他是誠實的或者直接的，但有時太直率可能會傷害他人感情。
On the other side we have secretive, secretive.
它的反義詞是「不外露的」，「不外露的」。
If you're secretive you like to hide your thoughts, feelings and actions and keep them private.
如果你是不外露的，那麼你喜歡隱藏自己的想法，情感以及行動，讓這些成為自己的隱私。
Then we have direct, direct and sometimes much like frank, this can also be negative or disapproving, depending on tone of voice and context.
然後我們有「直接的」，「直接的」，它有時候跟「直率的」同義。這個詞也可用於貶義，這就要根據說話者的語調和上下午語境啦。
If you're direct in means you say exactly what you mean and no one can pretend they haven't understood because it's very, very clear.
如果你是直接的，那麼你想說什麼就直接說出來了，也沒人能裝作聽不懂，因為你已經說的很清楚了。
Then we have not an exact antonym but sneaky, sneaky.
它的反義詞我沒找到太確切的，大致可以用「鬼鬼祟祟的」，「鬼鬼祟祟的」。
This means behaving in a secretive or dishonest way.
形容一個人行事隱秘或不誠實。
The next category is how open you are to the views and cultures of others.
下一類詞是你對他人的觀點和文化的接受程度。
We'll start with tolerant, tolerant.
我們從「包容的」這個詞開始，「包容的」。
If you're tolerant it means you're able to accept what other people say or do, even if you don't agree with them.
如果你是包容的，這意味著你能夠接受別人說的話或做的事，儘管你並不同意他們的觀點。
On the other hand we have intolerant, intolerant.
它的反義詞就是「狹隘的」，「狹隘的」。
This means that you are not willing to accept behaviors or ideas that do not correspond with your beliefs.
它意味著你不願意接受與你的信仰不相符的行為或想法。
We have open minded, open minded.
我們還有「思想開放的」這個詞，「思想開放的」。
If you're open minded, it means you are willing to listen to, accept and think about other ideas.
如果你思想開放，它的意思是你願意傾聽，接受並考慮其他的想法。
On the other hand, we have narrow minded, narrow minded.
它的反義詞就是「思想保守的」，「思想保守的」。
This means you are unwilling to listen to new ideas or the opinions of others.
它意味著你不願意聽取別人的新想法或意見。
And we have unbiased, unbiased.
我們有「公正的」這個詞，「公正的」。
This means that you're fair and not influenced by your own opinions or someone else's opinions.
這意味著你是公平的，不受自己或他人觀點的影響。
On the other hand, we have biassed, biassed.
它的反義詞是「有偏見的」，「有偏見的」。
This means you make unfair judgments and have a tendency to favour a certain group of people.
這意味著你做出了不公平的判斷，有偏袒特定群體的傾向。
Now we're going to talk about the adjectives, associated with how motivated you are.
現在我們將要討論的一組形容詞，與你的積極性有關。
We have strong willed, strong willed.
我們有「意志堅強的」這個詞，「意志堅強的」。
If you're strong willed it means you are determined to do what you want to do, regardless of what other people say.
如果你有堅強的意志，那就意味著你決心去做你想做的事，不管別人怎麼說。
On the other hand, we have weak willed, weak willed.
它的反義詞是「意志薄弱的」，「意志薄弱的」。
This means you lack the ability to resist the influence of others and you can't control your own impulses.
這意味著你容易受別人的影響，你無法控制自己的衝動。
We also have determined, determined.
我們還有「堅定的」這個詞，「堅定的」。
This means that you make firm decisions to do things and you don't let anyone dissuade you.
這意味著你毅然地做了決定，任何人都不能勸阻你。
On the other hand we have irresolute, irresolute.
它的反義詞是「優柔寡斷的」，「優柔寡斷的」。
This means that you are simply not able to decide what to do.
這意味著你根本無法決定要做什麼。
And then we have driven, drive.
然後我們有「發憤圖強的」這個詞，「發憤圖強的」。
This means you are determined to succeed and are working very hard to do so.
這意味著你決心要成功，並且正在為此而努力工作。
On the other hand we have apathetic, apathetic which means you show no interest or enthusiasm.
它的反義詞是「無動於衷的」，「無動於衷的」。意味著你沒有興趣或熱情。
The next category discusses your attitude towards work.
下一類詞討論的是你對工作的態度。
We have industrious, industrious.
我們有「勤勉的」這個詞，「勤勉的」。
This means hard working or busy.
這意味著你工作很努力，忙於工作。
On the other hand we have idle, idle.
它的反義詞是「虛度時間的」，「虛度時間的」。
If you're idle, you are not working hard.
如果你是「虛度時間的」，那麼你工作肯定是不努力啦。
We also have ambitious, ambitious.
我們還有「有雄心壯志的」這個詞，「有雄心壯志的」。
If you're ambitious you're determined to be rich, powerful and all successful.
如果你是「有雄心壯志的」，那麼你就是決心要致富、強大和成功。
We also have unambitious, unambitious.
它的反義詞就是「淡泊名利的」，「淡泊名利的」。
This means that you are on interested in becoming, rich, powerful or successful.
它意味著你對於致富、強大和成功都不感興趣。
We also have hard working, hard working which means you are willing to work very hard.
我們也有「勤奮的」這個詞，「勤奮的」。它意味著你熱愛努力工作。
Or we have lazy, lazy which means that you are unwilling to work or be active.
它的反義詞就是「懶惰的」，懶惰意味著你不願意工作或者是不積極。
Now let's just discuss adjectives associated with how good you are at learning and understanding.
接下來討論的一組形容詞是關於你擅不擅長學習和理解。
We have bright, bright which means intelligent or quick to learn.
我們有「聰明的」這個詞，聰明意味著理解力強，學習速度快。
We also have foolish, foolish which means not showing good judgement or sense.
它的反義詞就是「愚蠢的」，愚蠢意味著你沒有好的判斷力或感覺。
There's clever, clever, this is very common in British English.
還有「機靈的」，機靈，是在英式英語中常見的一個單詞。
It means you're quick learning and understanding things.
它意味著你學習或理解事物的速度很快。
On the other hand we have stupid, stupid which means showing a lack of thought or good judgement .
它的反義詞是「蠢笨的」，蠢笨意思是缺乏想法或者是好的判斷力。
And we have intelligent, intelligent which means you are good at learning and understanding, and on the other hand we have unintelligent, unintelligent which means you are bad at learning and understanding things.
我們還有「聰慧的」這個詞，聰慧意味著你很擅長學習和理解。它的反義詞就是「愚笨的」，愚笨意思是你不擅長學習和理解事物。
Now let's discuss adjectives that describe how you treat money.
下面一組形容詞我們來討論你對錢財的態度。
We have generous, generous which means that you are willing to give freely.
我們有「慷慨的」這個詞，慷慨意味著你願意免費贈送。
On the other hand we have miserly, miserly.
它的反義詞是「吝嗇的」，「吝嗇的」。
If you're miserly, then you hate to spend money.
如果你很吝嗇，就意味著你不願意花錢。
We have giving, giving which again means you are willing to give freely and on the other hand we have mean, mean which means you are unwilling to give or to share.
我們有「善良大方的」這個詞，善良大方這個詞意思是樂於免費贈送，它的反義詞是「刻薄小氣的」，刻薄小氣意思是你不願意給與或是分享。
We also have frugal, frugal and if you're frugal it means you only use as much food or money as necessary.
我們也有「節儉的」這個詞，「節儉的」，如果你很節儉意味著你只吃必需的食物，只花必須要花的錢。
On the other hand we have extravagant, extravagant which means that you spend a lot more than you can afford.
它的反義詞是「奢侈的」，奢侈意思是你花的錢比你能負擔的要多很多。
Now let's discuss adjectives which describe your attitude around other people.
現在我們來討論一些描述你對周圍人的態度的形容詞吧！
We have humble, humble.
我們有「謙遜的」這個詞，「謙遜的」。
If you're humble you show that you don't think, you are as important as other people.
如果你很謙遜，那麼你就不認為，你像其他人那麼重要。
On the opposite side we have arrogant, arrogant which means that you behave in a proud or unpleasant way and think you are better than others.
它的反義詞是「傲慢的」，傲慢意味著你表現得很驕傲，讓人不愉快，而且你覺得你有優越感。
We also have modest, modest.
我們還有「謙虛的」這個詞，「謙虛的」。
If you're modest then you don't talk much, about your own abilities and achievements.
如果你很謙虛，那麼你不會談論很多，關於你自己的能力和成就。
On the other hand we have vain, vain which means you are overly proud of your own appearance, abilities or achievements.
它的反義詞是「自負的」，自負意味著你過於對自己的外貌、能力和成就感到驕傲了。
The next one submissive, submissive, is both approving or positive and disapproving, negative.
下個詞就是「順從的」，順從，可以用做褒義，也可用作貶義。
Probably leaning more on to the negative side but it means you are too willing to accept authority.
可能更傾向於貶義，它意味著你太容易向權威低頭。
You're willing to obey them without question.
你願意毫無疑問地服從他們。
On the other side, again it's normally negative but it can be positive sometimes, bossy, bossy.
它的反義詞通常也是貶義的，有時候也可以褒義的，「專橫的」，「專橫的」。
This means that you're always telling people what to do.
它意味著你總是指揮別人。
Finally, let's talk about adjectives that can describe how relaxed you are as a person.
最後，我們來討論一些描述你放鬆的程度的形容詞吧。
We have chilled, chilled and this is slightly more slang, it is derived from the phrasal verb to chill out.
我們有「愜意的」這個詞，chilled這個詞更傾向於俚語，它來源於詞組chill out。
You're chilled out, you are chilled and this means you are very relaxed.
你很愜意，意味著你處於一個很放鬆的狀態。
On the other hand we have tense, tense.
它的反義詞是「緊張的」，「緊張的」。
This means you are nervous or worried and unable to relax.
這個詞意思是你很緊張或擔心，因而沒辦法放鬆下來。
We also have laid back, laid back.
我們也有「閒散的」這個詞， 「閒散的」。
This means you're calm and relaxed and never seem to worry about anything.
它意思是你很鎮定很放鬆，好像從不擔心任何事。
On the other hand, we have uptight, uptight which means you are anxious or upset about something.
它的反義詞就是「焦躁的」，焦躁意味著你為了某事擔憂或者是心煩。
We also have optimistic, optimistic which means you are positive and expect good things to happen.
我們還有「樂觀的」這個詞，樂觀意味著你是積極的，認為好事會發生。
We also have pessimistic, pessimistic which means you expect bad things to happen.
它的反義詞就是「悲觀的」，悲觀意思就是你認為壞事會發生。
Right, your homework for today is to include five of these adjectives in a comment down below and use them to describe yourself.
好了，今天的家庭作業就是將今天學習的形容詞中的五個評論在下方，並且用他們來形容你自己。
So I want maybe three to four sentences about yourself, using some of the adjectives that we've learned today and if you could include any others that would be really really good.
還有呢，我想讓你們造3-4個關於你們自己的句子，要使用今天學到的形容詞哦，如果你們能使用其他的形容詞那就更好了！
That's it for this lesson,
今天的課就到這裡了，
I hope you enjoyed it and I hope you learned something.
希望你們喜歡我的課，並且能從中學到東西。
Don't forget to check out Italki, the link to sign up is in the description box.
不要忘了去註冊Italki哦，註冊連結就在描述盒裡。
Don't forget to connect with me on all of my social media.
也別忘了在我使用的社交媒體中私信我哦。
I've got my Facebook, my Instagram and my twitter and I shall see you soon for another lesson now.
我有臉書、照片牆和推特，哦好了，我們下堂課再見吧！