一.創傷嚴重程度評分和結局預測軟體
創傷嚴重程度評分方法
1. 簡明損傷程度評分(Abbreviated Injury Severity,AIS -2005版),評價創傷嚴重程度(解剖學角度)
2. 損傷程度計分法和新損傷程度(Injury Severity Score——News Injury Severity Score,ISS & NISS),評價損傷程度嚴重程度(解剖學角度)
3. 昏迷程度評價方法(Glasgow coma scale, GCS),評價中樞神經系統損害程度
4. 創傷程度評價方法(Trauma Score, TS),評價創傷程度嚴重程度(解剖學,生理學角度)
5. 修正創傷評價方法(Revised Trauma Score,RTS),評價損傷程度嚴重程度
6. 小兒損傷程度評分(Paediatric Trauma Score,PTS),評價小兒損傷程度(解剖學,生理學角度)
7. 院前創傷指數(Prehospital Index,PHI)
8. 腹部創傷指數(Abdominal Trauma Index, ATI),評價腹部創傷程度
9. 貫穿性腹部創傷指數(Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Index,PATI)
10. 肺爆震傷評分(Respiratory Severity Score in Acute Blast Injury)
11. 截肢指數(Limb Salvage Index,LSI)
12. 下肢開放性骨折計分(NISSSA score for grading the severity of an open fracture of the lower extrmity)
13. 骨盆骨折內臟傷計分(Risk of Visceral Injury with Pelvic Fracture)
14. 臟器損傷計分(Organ Injury Scaling,OIS)
15. 預測創傷病人的結局
16. 創傷病人存活概率預測方法(Trauma Injury Severity Score , Surivival Probability,TRISS),預測創傷病人的結局(存活概率) -美國版和中國版
17. 創傷嚴重程度特徵評價方法(A Severity Characterization of Trauma, Surivival Probability ,ASCOT),預測創傷病人的結局(存活概率, Ps) ,美國版和中國版
18. 燒傷病人結局預測方法
二.綜合性急危重症評分軟體
適用於各專科的危重病人、創傷病人、手術後病人,如ICU .CCU、SICU等。 能夠動態判斷疾病的嚴重程度、預測併發症和死亡的危險性。
1. 急性生理功能和慢性健康狀況評分系統II、 III (acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II,III,簡稱 APACHE II,III)
2.多系統功能不全評分方法 (multiple organ dysfunction syndrome score, 簡稱MODS Score)
3.死亡率預測方法 (mortality prediction models, 簡稱MPM)
MPM0,MPM24,MPM48和MPM72分別用入ICU時、24、48、和72小時的參數進行預測,它們的權重和係數是不同的。
4.簡明急性生理功能評分方法 (simplified acute physiology score II, 簡稱SAPS II)
5. 24h-ICU評分法(24h-Point System)
6.營養評價
三.腦功能評分軟體
腦損傷後功能狀況評分工具集用於各種類型腦損傷後神經功能狀況評分和結局預測
用於腦損傷急性期損傷嚴重程度
1. Glasgow 昏迷指數(Glasgow Coma Scale,GCS)
2. Glasgow 腦損傷預後指數(經典型和細化型,Glasgow Outcome Scale & Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale ,GOS & GOS-E)
3. 昏迷嚴重程度評分(The Coma/Near Coma Scale,CNCS)
4. 腦損傷恢復期過激行為評分(The Agitated Behavior Scale, ABS)
用於腦損傷後殘疾程度評分
5. 殘疾程度評分(Disability Rating Scale, DRS)
6. 中國版神經功能缺失評分(Chinese Stroke Scale , CSS)
7. 美國版神經功能缺失評分(The NIH Stroke Scale ,NIHSS)
8. 歐洲版神經功能缺失評分(European Stroke Scale, ESS)
9. 功能獨立性評分(Functional Independence Measure, FIM)
10. 修訂型Barthel功能獨立性評分(Modified Barthel Index, MBI)
用於腦損傷後運動功能評分
11. Fugle-Meyer 運動功能評分(Fugle-Meyer Scale,FMS)
12. Brunnstrom 運動功能評分(Brunnstrom Scale,BS)
用於腦損傷後心理狀況評分
13. 漢密頓焦慮程度評分(Hamilton Anxiety Scale,HAMA)
14. 漢密頓抑鬱程度評分(Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, HAMD)
四.呼吸功能評分軟體
1. 急性呼吸窘迫症評分方法 (acute respirative distress syndrome score,簡稱ARDS Score)
2.臨床肺部感染評分(Simplified clinical pulmonary infection score,CPIS)
3.呼吸機使用指徵(Ventilation Index)
4.呼吸機使用臨床指徵(Clinical Signs Indicating the Need for Mechanical Ventilation in a Patient)通過呼吸率、節律、脈搏、肌力和反應計分。
5.順應性-率-氧合-壓力指數(Compliance, Rate, Oxygenation, Pressure,CROP Index) 用於呼吸機使用過程的監測和脫機判斷
6.呼吸機使用和脫機計分(Ventilator Score),用於呼吸機使用過程的監測和脫機指南
7.呼吸機不良因素評分(Adverse Factor Score),用於呼吸機使用過程的監測和脫機判斷
五.心血管功能評分軟體
用於心臟病人,判斷心功能狀況、預測併發症和死亡的危險性。
用於評價心功能狀況的工具
1. 血流動力學、心臟作功和耗氧等評估(Hemodynamic Evaluation )
2. 氧合評價(Oxygenation Evaluation )
3. 心功能曲線(Starling Curves):
CI-PCWP心功能曲線
SI-LVEDP心功能曲線
Arterial Elastance(Ea)心功能曲線
LVEDP-LVEDV心功能曲線
4. 心衰分期和心功能分級(The Stages of Heart Failure,ACC/AHA制定)
5. 體能指數(The Duke Activity Status Index )
用於預測心臟併發症的工具
6.心肌梗塞溶栓風險預測(ST抬高型,TIMI Risk Score for STEMI)
7.心肌梗塞溶栓風險預測(非ST抬高型,TIMI Risk Score for non-STEMI)
8.經皮冠脈成形術風險預測(Risk Score for PTCA)
9.房顫病人中風風險預測(Risk of Stroke with AF)
預測冠心病和其他心血管疾病風險的工具
10.Pocock氏5-年心血管風險預測(Pocock's 5-Yr CVD Risk Prediction)
11.歐洲10-年心血管風險預測(SCORE in Europe)
12.Framingham氏10-年心血管風險預測(Framingham's Estimation of Risk of CVD)
六.腎臟功能評分軟體
1.急性腎功能不全診斷系統
2.腎衰病人抗菌素劑量調整
3. 血透充分性評估
4.酸鹼平衡評估和糾正
5.水電解質平衡評估和糾正
七.消化道功能評分軟體
1.上消化道出血預測(Predictive Index for Upper GI Hemorrhage )
2.上消化道出血危因計分(Risk Factors of Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding)
3.胃腸道出血危因死亡率預測(Scoring System for Predicting the Mortality Rate Associated with Severe Gastroduodenal Hemorrhage)
Outcome after Acute Hemorrhage from Esophageal Varices
4.ICU病人急性消化道出血危因計分(Illness Severity Index Score for Risk of Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding for Patients in the Intensive Care Unit)
5.肝硬化Child-pugh分級(The Child-Pugh Score for Grading Hepatic Cirrhosis)[8]
6.非出血性肝硬化預後指數(Prognostic Index for Nonbleeding Cirrhosis)
7.肝炎後肝硬化預後計分(Erasme Prognostic Score for Hepatic Cirrhosis)
8.肝硬化病人首次胃腸出血或昏迷後預後計分(Prognostic Index for Patients with Cirrhosis After the First Episode of Gastrointestinal Bleeding or Coma)
9.急性胰腺炎預後標準(Glasgow Prognostic Criteria in Acute Pancreatitis (Imrie Criteria))
10.急性胰腺炎CT計分(CT Severity Index (Balthazar Score) in Acute Pancreatitis)
11.膽源性和酒精性急性胰腺炎鑑別計分(Scoring System to Distinguish Biliary from Alcoholic Pancreatitis)
12.急性胰腺炎死亡率預測(Prediction of Mortality in Acute Pancreatitis Using Serum Creatinine and Chest Radiographs)
八.凝血功能評分軟體
1.瀰漫性血管內凝血評分方法 (disseminated intravascular coagulation score, DIC Score)
2.肝素誘導的血小板減少評分(A Score for Estimating the Likelihood of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia )
3.抗凝相關大出血風險預測(Risk Score for Anticoagulant-related Major Bleeding in Hospitalized Patients)
4.急性靜脈栓塞治療期出血風險預測(Utrecht Bleeding Risk Score During Treatment of Acute Venous Thromboembolism)
九.麻醉手術風險評分方法:
用於手術病人,判斷病人對手術的耐受性,預測併發症和死亡的危險性。
用於預測麻醉手術風險[併發症和死亡率]
1.Peter's麻醉風險預測法(Modification of the Anesthetic Risk Assessment by Peter and Lutz)
2.麻醉風險預測法[E-PASS](Estimation of Physiologic Ability and Surgical Stress (E-PASS), with Preoperative Risk Score (PRS), Surgical Stress Score (SSS) and Comprehensive Risk Score (CRS))
3.Detsky'非心臟手術心臟風險指數(Detsky's Modified Cardiac Risk Index)
用於預測普外手術風險[併發症和死亡率]
4.手術併發症和死亡率評分系統(Physiological and Operatiive severity Score for the enumeration of Mortality and Morbidity, POSSUM)用於預測各類手術併發症和死亡概率
Portsmouth-POSSUM(P-POSSUM)、結直腸-POSSUM(colorectal-POSSUM, Cr-POSSUM)、上消化道-POSSUM (Oesophagogastric-POSSUM, O-POSSUM)、血管-POSSUM(Vascular-POSSUM , V-POSSUM)
5.高齡病人手術死亡率預測(Predicting Operative Mortality in Geriatric Patients)
6.術後院內死亡率預測(Risk Indicators of Mortality in Hospital After Anaesthesia and Surgery)
7.Wells's深靜脈和肺栓塞風險預測(Prediction of Risk of DVT and PE)
8.體能狀況指數(The Duke Activity Status Index)
用於預測獲得性心臟手術風險[併發症和死亡率]
9.Parsonnet's 心臟手術風險預測 96版(Predictive score for acquired adult heart surgery,Parsonnet Score)
10.Parsonnet's 心臟手術風險預測 97版(Predictive score for acquired adult heart surgery,System 97 Score)
11.Parsonnet's 心臟手術風險預測 2000版(Predictive score for acquired adult heart surgery,System 2000 Score)
12.心臟手術風險預測[歐洲版](European System for Cardical Operation Risk Evalution ,EuroScore)
十.護理評分方法
用於預測護理相關性併發症
1. Waterlow's褥瘡風險預測(Waterlow's Pressure Ulcer Score)
2. Braden’s褥瘡風險預測(Braden Risk Assessment Scale)
3.褥瘡風險預測和護理監控(Prediction of Pressure Ulcer Risk and Preventive Measures)
4.深靜脈和肺動脈栓塞風險預測
5.莫爾斯跌跤預測(Morse Fall Scale)
用於病情嚴重程度
6.健康狀況評價(Health Utilities Index Mark 3)
7.健康狀況自估(Dartmouth COOP Functional Health Assessment System)
8.出甦醒室標準(The Aldrete Score)
(另外還有GCS、GOS & GOS-E、DRS、心功能分級分度、創傷嚴重程度評分等)