尤子說
● 公眾號後臺輸入關鍵詞「外刊精讀原文」即可獲得往期及本期原文。每周精讀2-3篇長篇優質外刊中的難點段落。
● 精讀筆記將從重難點詞彙/優秀表達/翻譯重難點/寫作結構/文章脈絡等幾個角度來分析,最重要的思維和方法的分享。
● 每一期精讀筆記文末都會附上最新外刊資源及推薦閱讀。外刊涉及內容廣泛,推薦閱讀均為非常優質的泛讀文本,可拓展知識面。
● 往期外刊精讀筆記及各主流媒體外刊電子資源均已整理成合集,收納在自定義菜單「外刊精讀」中。
● 外刊精讀方法論:
八年外刊閱讀馬拉松,「堅持」帶給我的是什麼?
外刊精讀方法2.0,合理安排時間,提高閱讀速度
外刊精讀App:超強外刊精讀App安利
● 英文原文均來自著名報紙《經濟學人》,推薦大家上官網訂閱。所有的英文解析及中文翻譯均出於原創。
第23篇外刊精讀文章選自2019-08-17《The Economist》的China版塊。TE筆者永遠緊跟時事啊!這篇文章讀起來很輕鬆,因為是我們所熟知的事物,有非常多值得積累的表達和學習的寫作手法!本文本推文選取核心段落進行分析。希望我的精讀筆記能帶給大家的是一些學習靈感和啟發。大家可以對照思維導圖和精讀筆記學習剩下段落!
app:marginote
標題解讀
正文第三段
①Social media have transformed tourism worldwide. ②Instead of having fun, some people now flock to remote strawberry farms or Icelandic fjords to take photos to impress their friends on Instagram. ③Foreign-operated social-media sites, including Instagram, are blocked in China. ④But domestic ones are hugely popular. ⑤Douyin, launched in 2016, has 230m monthly active users (its owner, ByteDance, has an uncensored version of the app for users outside China, called TikTok). ⑥Unlike users of Instagram, who mainly browse feeds of pictures posted by people they follow, Douyin’s fans commonly use the app to watch hot-trending videos posted by users they do not know under categories such as 「food」 and 「scenic spots」.
社交媒體改變了全球旅遊業。人們湧向遙遠的草莓農場或冰島峽灣拍攝照片為了在Instagram上給他們的朋友們留下深刻印象,而不是為了快樂。雖然包括Instagram在內的外國社交網站在中國被屏蔽,但其國內的同等產品非常受歡迎。抖音於2016年推出,每月有高達2.3億的活躍用戶(其所有者,字節跳動(ByteDance)為中國以外的用戶提供了一個未經審查的應用程式版本,名為TikTok)。抖音的用戶通常使用該應用觀看他們並不熟悉的用戶在「美食」和「景點」等類別下發布的熱門視頻,這與Instagram上主要瀏覽自己關注者所發布的內容的用戶不同。【重點詞彙/詞組】
● flock
to go or gather together somewhere in large numbers 群集;聚集;蜂擁
[V +adv. / prep.]
Thousands of people flocked to the beach this weekend.
這個周末有好幾千人蜂擁到了海灘。
[V to inf]
People flocked to hear him speak.
人們成群結隊地去聽他演講。
文中「flock to remote strawberry farms or Icelandic fjords」意思就是「蜂擁趕往偏遠的草莓農場或者冰島峽灣🇮🇸」
● uncensored
(of a report, film / movie, etc. 報告、電影等)not censored (= having had parts removed that are not considered suitable for the public) 未作刪剪的;未經審查的
an uncensored newspaper article
一篇未經刪剪的報紙文章
● feed of picture
「熟詞生義」feed在做名詞時,可以表示「television programmes that are sent from a central station to other stations in a network; the system of sending out these programmes (電視中心臺)網絡供給節目系統」 例如「network feed 網絡供給節目系統」。根據這個意思,可以猜測此處的「feed of picture」表示就是圖片源。(關於這個詞組,大家如果有更好的解讀,歡迎後臺留言!)● hot-trending
trend做名詞時,表示的是「a general direction in which a situation is changing or developing 趨勢;趨向;傾向;動態;動向」,例如「 economic/social/political trends 經濟 / 社會 / 政治趨勢 」。緊跟潮流就可以說是「follow/chase fashion trends」,例如經濟學人一篇寫優衣庫的文章中在表述其他品牌追求潮流時,寫道「While Inditex of Spain, which owns Zara, and Hennes & Mauritz of Sweden, the world’s two largest clothing retailers,slavishly follow fashion trends. 」
hot-trending表示的就是「熱門趨勢的」。文中的「hot-trending videos」就是說「熱門視頻」。
● category
a group of people or things with particular features in common
(人或事物的)類別,種類
Students over 25 fall into a different category.
25 歲以上的學生屬另一類。
The results can be divided into three main categories.
結果可分為三大類。
【句子分析】
Unlike users of Instagram, who mainly browse feeds of pictures posted by people they follow, Douyin’s fans commonly use the app to watch hot-trending videos posted by users they do not know under categories such as 「food」 and 「scenic spots」.
句子主幹是Douyin’s fans(主語)use(謂語) the app(賓語)1. Unlike users of Instagram,比較狀語
2. who mainly browse feeds of pictures posted by people they follow, who引導的定語從句修飾比較狀語中「users」,在這個定語從句中,posted by people they follow是非謂語動詞posted做後置定語,修飾feed of pictures,並且they follow是省略了關係代詞的定語從句,修飾先行詞people。
3. to watch hot-trending videos posted by users they do not know under categories such as 「food」 and 「scenic spots」,是一個目的狀語,在這個狀語中,posted by users they do not know under categories such as 「food」 and 「scenic spots」是非謂語動詞posted做videos的後置定語,they do not know under categories such as 「food」 and 「scenic spots」則是省略了關係代詞的定語從句修飾先行詞users.
①句是核心句,「社交媒體改變了全球旅遊業。②句闡釋了人們旅遊傾向的變化。③④⑤句說明了中國的新型社交媒體「抖音」⑥抖音與外國社交媒體(如ins)的區別。正文第四段
①Uploading a picture or video from a photogenic spot to sites such as Douyin and Kuaishou is known in China as daka, meaning 「punching the card」. ②The word is also used to refer to the practice of registering your presence at a location that has already become hot, such as Hongyadong. ③The aim is not to produce a well-crafted video or beautiful photograph, but simply to show that you have also been to the places that are popular. ④The beauty of the attraction is less important than the fact that people are flocking there to daka.
在中國,將照片或視頻從拍攝地點上傳到抖音和快手等網站被稱為「打卡」。這個詞用於表示你到例如洪崖洞這樣的熱門景點一遊。 這樣做不是為了製作精心製作的視頻或拍攝精美的照片,而只是為了表明你也曾經去過那些熱門景點。 景點吸引力並比不人們蜂擁而至的打卡。
【重點詞彙/詞組】
● photogenic spot
photogenic表示的是「looking attractive in photographs 上鏡的;上相的」,photogenic spot就是指上鏡地點,就是我們常說的「拍攝地」。● the practice of registering your presence at a loction
「在一個地點註冊你的出席」,這個詞組就是對於「打卡」的英文解釋了。
● well-crafted
craft做動詞時,表示的是「to make sth using special skills, especially with your hands (尤指用手工)精心製作」,「well-crafted」就是指「精心製作的」。可以用來替換形容詞「elaborate」
【句子解析】
The beauty of the attraction is less important than the fact that people are flocking there to daka.
The beauty of the attraction(主語) is(系動詞)less important than the fact(表語).
1. that people are flocking there to daka,that引導的同位語從句,做the fact的同位語。
【語段分析】
本段直接闡釋了什麼是「打卡」。①②句解釋了什麼是「打卡」。③④句是說「打卡」的目的和宗旨。
正文第五段
①A subculture has developed of young people who embrace daka as a lifestyle. ②So-called daka zu—「daka tribes」—can be found roaming Chongqing and other cities, checking in at as many hot locations as possible within a single day. ③Guides can be found online, to show the most efficient ways to achieve this. ④Companies offer 「daka tours」. ⑤Douyin users can use the app to create 「daka videos」: super-speed slideshows of themselves at daka sites.
一種亞文化已經形成,年輕人將打卡作為一種生活方式。所謂打卡族,就是那些漫步在重慶或其他城市街頭,在一天之內去到儘可能的熱門景點籤到。網上能找到最高效的打卡路徑。公司也提供「打卡遊」。抖音用戶也開始創設「打卡視頻」:在打卡網站上分享自己的快閃視頻。【重點詞彙/詞組】
● of
「熟詞生義」我們通常將「of」用於屬格中,這裡是指「used after some verbs before mentioning sb/sth involved in the action (用於某些動詞後,後接動作所涉及的人或事)」the behavior and beliefs of a particular group of people in society that are different from those of most people (某群體特有的)亞文化行為觀念, 次文化 。例如「the criminal/drug/youth, etc. subculture 犯罪、吸毒、青少年群體等的亞文化」。文中的subculture是指這種只為了打卡的旅遊是一種次文化,不是很好的事。● embrace
embrace原意是指「擁抱」,此處可以引申為「歡迎」的意思,就是指年輕一代熱衷於將打卡作為自己的生活方式。同樣可以表達「歡迎」的詞組有「welcome sb / sth with open arms, lay/put/roll out the welcome mat (for sb / sth)」
● tribe
「熟詞生義」tribe多表示「部落,種群」,在這裡,tribe是指「a group or class of people, especially of six profession (尤指同一職業的)一夥(人),一幫(人),一類(人)」。在這裡就是指「打卡族」
英譯漢時,我們不用把這部分翻譯出來,因為
● roam
to walk or travel around an area without any definite aim or direction徜徉;閒逛;漫步
to roam the countryside / the streets, etc.
在鄉間漫步、逛街等
● super-speed slideshows
super-speed意為「超高速的,極快的速度」,slideshows其實就是我們常說的「ppt幻燈片」。在這個語境中,「超高速幻燈片放映」就是我們在抖音裡看到的那種一張張照片閃過的視頻。我把它理解為「快閃視頻」了哈哈。
【句子分析】
So-called daka zu—「daka tribes」—can be found roaming Chongqing and other cities, checking in at as many hot locations as possible within a single day.
句子主幹是daka zu(主語)can be found(謂語)roaming Chongqing and other cities(賓語)。「checking in……」是非謂語動詞現在分詞形式做伴隨狀語,可以理解為「打卡族一邊漫步,一邊在一天之內儘可能多地打卡熱門景點」。
【語段分析】
①句為核心句,「打卡成為年輕人的亞文化」,②句解釋了「打卡族」是在幹什麼,③④句解釋了「打卡熱門景點」而催生的其他產業。
8.19外刊資源連結
▼我把以前所有的報刊資源都放在下面這一個連結裡了,新的也補充在這裡面,但是百度雲盤的連結並不是雲連結,即使我每天更新,新內容也需要大家繼續複製粘貼重新領取。
後臺回復「外刊泛讀資源」即可獲取。
《紐約客》-2019-0816
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