再過幾天,就是中國的傳統節日春節,春節前後是火災事故的高發期和特大事故的高峰期,學生宿舍更是安全防範的重點,為了確保能夠度過一個安全、祥和的春節,請大家注意用電安全,增強防火意識。
In a few days, it will be the traditional festival of Spring Festival in China. Before and after the Spring Festival, there will be a high incidence of fire accidents and a peak period of major accidents. Students' dormitories are the focus of safety precautions. In order to ensure that we can have a safe and peaceful Spring Festival,the students who stay in school please pay more attention to the fire safety.
一是關於宿舍的用電安全。作為學生,應當自覺遵守學生宿舍安全管理規定,重點做好以下安全防範工作。
One is about the electricity safety of dormitory. As a student, we should consciously abide by the regulations on the safety management of student dormitories, and focus on the following safety precautions.
1.安全用火。因菸頭引起的火災在高校發生的火災中佔有很大的比例,菸頭的表面溫度為200~300℃,其中心溫度高達 700~800℃,而一般可燃物的燃點大都低於菸頭表面溫度,比如,紙的燃點為130℃,布匹的燃點為 200℃,如果燃燒著的菸頭遇到燃點低於菸頭溫度的可燃物時,就會引發火災,特別是不要躺在床上吸菸,吸完煙後,一定要把菸頭熄滅;除了注意吸菸之外,宿舍還禁止使用酒精爐等灶具,禁止焚燒書籍、衣物等用火行為。
1. Use fire safely. Fires caused by cigarette butts account for a large proportion in college fires. The surface temperature of cigarette butts is 200-300 ℃, and the center temperature is as high as 700-800 ℃, while the ignition point of general combustibles is mostly lower than the surface temperature of cigarette butts. For example, the ignition point of paper is 130 ℃, and the ignition point of cloth is 200 ℃. If the burning cigarette butts encounter combustibles with the ignition point lower than the temperature of cigarette butts, they will It will cause fire, especially don't smoke in bed. After smoking, you must put out the cigarette end. Besides smoking, it is forbidden to use alcohol stove and other cooking utensils in the dormitory, and burning books and clothes is forbidden.
2.安全用電。不亂拉亂接電線,在平時的檢查過程中,經常發現有的同學把插線板放在地上,有的串接多個插線板,有的一個插線板插接多個電器,這些都是不符合安全規定,容易引發火災事故的;不使用老舊、燒蝕過的插線板或電器,一般的電器和插線板使用壽命在3-5年,使用時間過長就會增加發生事故的概率,特別是有燒蝕痕跡、或者使用時發熱嚴重的,一定不要使用;不在室內、樓道內給電動車充電,電動車充電引發的火災在全國經常發生,而且,一旦著火,會產生大量的煙霧,而且燃燒速度極快、燃燒溫度極高,會迅速點燃周圍的可燃物,導致人員被困;不再室內使用電磁爐、烤箱、熱得快、電熱杯、電飯煲等大功率電器,因為地域特點的不同,為了照顧不同文化的需要,在薈園12、20棟各樓層設置了公共廚房,如果需要,可以到公共廚房去做,但是不能在室內使用,一旦使用,將會受到限電的處罰,引發火災事故的,要承擔法律責任。
2. Safe use of electricity. Do not pull and connect wires randomly. In the ordinary inspection process, it is often found that some students put the patch panel on the ground, some connect multiple patch panels in series, and some connect multiple electrical appliances with one patch panel, which are not in line with the safety regulations and are easy to cause fire accidents; do not use the old, burned patch panels or electrical appliances, and the service life of general electrical appliances and patch panels is 3-5 years, so that If it takes too long, it will increase the probability of accidents, especially if there are signs of ablation, or if there is serious heat during use, it must not be used; if the electric vehicle is not charged indoors or in the corridor, the fire caused by the charging of the electric vehicle often occurs in the whole country, and if it catches fire, it will produce a lot of smoke, and the combustion speed is extremely fast, the combustion temperature is very high, and it will ignite the cycle quickly Due to the surrounding combustibles, people are trapped; high-power electrical appliances such as induction cooker, oven, fast heating, electric cup and rice cooker are no longer used indoors. Due to the different regional characteristics, in order to take care of the needs of different cultures, public kitchens are set up on each floor of building 12 and 20 of Huiyuan. If necessary, public kitchens can be used, but they cannot be used indoors. Once used, they will be If a fire accident is caused due to the punishment of power rationing, legal responsibility shall be borne.
最後提醒大家的是,人離開宿舍、實驗室等房間時,一定要關閉空調、電燈等用電設備,拔下插頭,關閉插線板開關。
Finally, we remind you that when you leave the dormitory, laboratory and other rooms, you must turn off the air conditioning, electric lights and other electrical equipment, unplug the plug, and turn off the switch of the patch panel.
二、初期火災的處置及逃生方法。
1.處置方法
(1)通過手動報警裝置或呼喊等方式發放警報信號,提醒大家疏散;
(2)在確保安全的情況下,利用滅火器、消火栓或溼衣物等就便器材對火勢進行控制;
(3)迅速撥打校園報警電話87281110.
Handling and escape methods of initial fire.
1. Disposal method
(1) Send out alarm signal through manual alarm device or shouting to remind everyone to evacuate;
(2) Under the condition of ensuring safety, use fire extinguishers, fire hydrants or wet clothes and other toilet equipment to control the fire;
(3) Call the campus police at 87281110
2.逃生方法:如果火勢較大,無法撲滅,應迅速逃離現場。
(1)脫離現場要迅速,盡力爭取逃生時間,不要為穿衣、找錢財等瑣碎小事,延誤寶貴的逃生機會,要儘可能的為逃生爭取更多的時間。
(2)脫離現場要果斷,正確選擇逃生通道
要選擇與火源相反的通道迅速逃脫險境,如果樓梯火勢並不猛烈,可披上用水浸溼的衣褲或被單由樓上快速衝下,切勿乘坐電梯;利用毛巾、衣物等浸溼後擰至多層摺疊捂住口鼻,逃生時彎腰使頭部儘量接近地面,手扶牆或欄杆往下快走逃生,切勿奔跑、切勿擁擠,順手關閉常閉逃生門(實驗室、圖書館等場所有),邊逃生邊呼喊;
2. Escape method: if the fire is too big to be put out, escape from the scene quickly.
(1) Get away from the scene quickly, try to strive for the escape time, do not delay precious escape opportunities for trivial matters such as dressing, finding money, etc., and try to strive for more time for escape as much as possible.
(2) To leave the scene, we should be decisive and choose the right escape way
Choose the channel opposite to the fire source to escape from the danger quickly. If the fire is not violent, put on the wet clothes or sheets and rush down from the upstairs quickly. Do not take the elevator. After soaking, use the towel and clothes and screw them to the multi-layer fold to cover the nose and mouth. When escaping, bend over to make the head as close to the ground as possible. Hold the wall or handrail and walk down to escape quickly. Do not run or crowd Close the normally closed escape door (owned by the laboratory, library, etc.) and shout while escaping;
3. 不能逃脫要鎮靜,採取措施等待救援
如果被煙霧和火勢阻擋,無法逃生,應利用溼衣物堵塞門縫,打開廁所水龍頭,在靠近窗戶一側呼喊並等待救援,樓層不高時利用床單、衣物等逃生。
3. If you can't escape, calm down and take measures to wait for rescue
If it is blocked by smoke and fire and cannot escape, wet clothes shall be used to block the door seam, open the toilet tap, shout at the side near the window and wait for rescue, and sheets and clothes shall be used to escape when the floor is not high.
三、滅火器的使用培訓
我校常見的有乾粉滅火器和乾冰(壓縮的CO2)滅火器,乾粉滅火器有壓力表,指針在綠區、黃區為合格,指針在紅區表示壓力不足,乾冰滅火器沒有壓力表,但有一個喇叭形的噴口。兩種滅火器一般都可以使用,需要注意的是,人身上著火,不要用乾冰滅火器,因為低溫會凍傷皮膚,不要用乾粉滅火器對著人臉噴射,因為有腐蝕。
滅火器使用四步法:一「撥」、二「握」、三「瞄」、四「掃」。「撥」即拔掉插銷,「握」即迅速握住瓶把及橡膠軟管,「瞄」即瞄準火焰根部,「壓」即按下把手對著火焰根部噴掃。噴射時,離火焰根部1.5-2米,在開闊的地方要站在上風口,由近及遠,在密閉的空間裡站在門口一側,由外至裡。
3、 Training on the use of fire extinguishers
The common extinguishers in our school are dry powder fire extinguisher and dry ice (compressed CO2) fire extinguisher. The dry powder fire extinguisher has a pressure gauge. The indicator in the green area and the yellow area is qualified. The indicator in the red area indicates that the pressure is insufficient. The dry ice fire extinguisher does not have a pressure gauge, but has a horn shaped nozzle. Two kinds of fire extinguishers can be used in general. It should be noted that when people are on fire, do not use dry ice extinguisher, because the low temperature will frostbite the skin, do not use dry powder extinguisher to spray on the face, because there is corrosion.
The fire extinguisher uses four steps: one "dial", two "hold", three "aim" and four "sweep". "Pull" means to pull out the bolt, "hold" means to quickly hold the bottle handle and rubber hose, "aim" means to aim at the root of the flame, "press" means to press the handle to spray against the root of the flame. When spraying, it should be 1.5-2 meters away from the root of the flame. In the open place, it should stand at the upper air vent, from near to far, in the closed space, on the side of the door, from outside to inside.
希望留校的同學們關注消防安全,從身邊的用電、用火安全做起,掌握必備的消防技能,度過一個愉快、祥和的春節,謝謝!
We hope that the students who stay in school will pay attention to the fire safety, start with the safety of electricity and fire, master the necessary fire fighting skills, and have a happy and peaceful Spring Festival. Thank you!