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1. The sense relationship between 「male」 and 「female」 is ___________.
A. complementarity B. gradability C. relational opposites D. hyponymy
2. The distinction between 「competence」 and 「performance」 was made by ____________.
A. Chomsky B. Saussure C. Halliday D. Bloomfield
3. Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This is what we mean by ________________.
A. duality B. productivity C. displacement D. arbitrariness
4. The formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another is called ________________.
A. blending B. clipping C. acronymy D. compounding
5. Language is passed on from one generation to the next by teaching and learning rather than by distinct. This property of language is called _____________.
A. interchangeability B. productivity C. cultural transmission D. arbitrariness
6. Which of the following words is made up of bound morphemes only?
A. happiness B. television C. ecology D. teacher
7. The ___________ function refers to the fact that language can be used for establishing a favorable atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas.
A. phatic B. directive C. evocative D. performative
8. The term ________ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.
A. synchronic B. diachronic
C. comparative D.historical comparative
9. A linguistic study is ____________ if it tries to lay down rules for the correct use of language.
10. It is commonly believed that the basic function of language is that it’s used for___________.
答案解析
1.A【解析】考查語義學。「男性」和「女性」是一對互補反義詞，非此即彼。A互補關係，B等級關係，C互逆關係，D上下義關係。故選A。
2.A【解析】語言能力和語言行為兩個詞是喬姆斯基區分的，語言和言語是索緒爾區分的。故選A。
3.C【解析】語言能夠用來指代不存在於談話者當前的物體，這指的是語言的「移位性」。故選C。
4.A【解析】考查構詞法。通過組合兩個詞的部分，或者一個詞加上另一個詞的部分，這種構詞法屬於混合法。故選A。
5.C【解析】考查語言。題幹句意為「語言通過教學代代相傳而不是通過本能」，這說明語言具有文化傳遞性。故選C。
6.C【解析】考查詞素。題幹問的是下面哪個詞只由黏著詞素構成，A由happy+ness構成，B由tele+vision構成，C由eco-+logy構成，D由teach+er構成。故選C。
7.A【解析】考查語言的功能。題幹的句意為「語言可以用來營造良好的氛圍或維持社會交往，而不是用來交換信息或思想。」，根據這個描述，考查的是寒暄功能。B指示功能，C情感功能，D施事功能。
8.B【解析】考查語言學術語辨析。題幹句意為「研究語言在不同時期和不同歷史階段的變化」，這個描述符合曆時性語言學的特徵，共時性指的是研究某一特定時期的語言。故選B。
9.prescriptive【解析】考查詞組術語辨析。根據題幹句意「為語言的正確使用制定規則」，這應當屬於「規定性」語言學。
10.human communication【解析】考查語言。語言最基本的功能是人類的交際，這也是語言的定義。
（編輯：luohongyan）