2017年度十大網絡用語
作為「漢語盤點2017」活動最具網絡特色的組成部分,國家語言資源監測與研究中心從規模近60億字的語料庫中提取了「2017年度十大網絡用語」。
今天為大家整理了雙語版,以及一些相關詞語的英語表達,都是滿滿誠意的純乾貨,就問你看完點不點讚了~
現在估計不會再有人覺得這是真要打電話了!打call來自日本御宅族以及沉迷流行文化的人群。給偶像應援的時候,粉絲們隨著節奏跳躍、鼓掌,揮舞螢光棒,都是打call的具體體現,之後就延伸為表達對某人某事的讚賞或支持。
Originally derived from Japanese, the phrase 「beat a call」 refers to a cheering dance performed by 「otaku,」 or people obsessed with pop culture. Featuring enthusiastic jumping, clapping, and glow stick waving, 「beat a call」 has become the most popular internet slang in 2017, with Chinese netizens using it to show approval and support for people, things, or events.
如果說打call起初只存在於網民之間、流行文化,那麼當新華網發布十九大微評之後,打call也逐漸被主流媒體接納。
Though the neologism isn’t yet familiar enough to be used in the mainstream media without glossing, it’s getting there, with several major outlets in China using the word in their news reports. In October, Xinhua released an article regarding the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, in which it called for the public to 「beat a call」 for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.
打 call 直譯為beat a call,我們還可以把「為……打call」引申為「為……歡呼」,那麼「to cheer for/on someone」 也是一個可行的表達。
總有那麼幾次,聊著聊著就把天聊死了,對不?尬聊(awkward chat)就是這個詞的表面意思,可能是缺乏良好溝通技巧,可能是心不在焉……總之,是沒啥能聊的了。當然,也有語言學家表示,尬聊的出現,可能一定程度反映出中國文化,比如隨意插話或者拒絕聊天,都是不禮貌的行為,但是你又得克制不能直接了當地批評或羞辱他人。
The phrase 「awkward chat」 refers to inevitable chats with boring people. It is used when the person you are talking with lacks good communication skills, or when your mind wanders off, and the talk comes to a dead end.
Some linguists suggest that the phrase may have a connection with typical Chinese temperament of refraining oneself from criticizing or directly embarrassing others, as abrupt interruption or refusal to talk would be considered impolite in the Chinese cultural context.
一則經典尬聊場景,非專業人士,請勿模仿:
除了尬聊,還有尬唱、尬舞等等……說到「尷尬的」,想必小夥伴們首先想到的還是awkward和embarrassed (尷尬的),embarrassed 的同根詞包括embarrass (動詞,使尷尬),embarrassing (形容詞,令人尷尬的)。
這麼一句琅琅上口卻又直戳肺腑的話是誰想出來的?不知道,但是這裡頭可是有典故的!據網友考證,大詩人杜甫一生為李白寫了十五首詩,然而李白的回應卻甚少,流傳千古的也是《贈汪倫》之類和其他好基友的詩歌。網友們不禁為杜甫感到心累,痛罵李白沒良心!
有網友在社交媒體上發文,稱杜甫為李白作了那麼多詩,但李白回應他的詩作甚少,卻寫了一首《贈汪倫》。於是,很多網友責問道「李白,你的良心不會痛嗎」。此語後來隨著「鸚鵡兄弟」系列表情包迅速走紅,一般用於嘲諷和吐槽別人。
Two ancient poets』 unequal friendship turned out to be a goldmine for Chinese netizens when they discovered that Du Fu, China’s 「poet-sage」 in the Tang Dynasty, had written 15 poems for his equally famous poet friend Li Bai, though the latter had seldom returned the favor. Many netizens have jokingly slashed Li for his 「lack of conscience.」
如果對方做了「昧良心」的事,你可以用這些英文句子來怒懟「你的良心不會痛嗎?」
Won’t your conscience hurt?
你的良心不會痛嗎?
Has this action ever given you a slash of conscience?
你這樣做不會受到良心的責備嗎?
How can you reconcile it to your conscience?
你的良心怎能過意的去?
You should be ashamed of what you have done.
你應該為你所做的感到羞愧。
You should be afflicted with conscience for what you have said.
你應該為自己所說的而備受良心折磨
該說法最早出現於直播平臺的彈幕當中。「老鐵」在中國北方方言中是「哥們兒」一詞的別稱,而「扎心」則是指內心受到了極大的打擊和刺激。該詞語的主要意思是向朋友訴苦或抱怨自己內心受到的傷害。
The word 「laotie」 originates from northern Chinese dialect and means 「good buddies,」 while 「pricked heart」 means 「hurting someone’s feeling.」 The phrase was adopted on some online streaming websites and is now used to vent grievances to close friends.
「扎心了,老鐵」就可以譯為My heart was pricked, Laotie。除了pricked,扎心還可以說touch/hit a nerve ,簡單來說就是戳到痛處!世紀君給你舉個慄子:
好吧,扎心扎到心坎上,這種被刺痛的感覺,英文裡還有這些表達:
Sting:這個詞大家都知道,可以表示「刺」,也指「刺痛」,跟「扎心」的「扎」感覺也是蠻配的。
例:His words stung her.
他的話刺痛了她。
Cut sb to the quick:The quick指的是手指甲蓋或腳趾甲蓋下面那塊肉,要不是有指甲護著,戳一下準疼。要是被切到簡直疼得不要不要的了~ 所以這個短語指的就是「觸及要害」、「刺到痛處」。
例:Your heartless comments cut me to the quick.
你那番無心的話深深刺痛到了我。
Tear sb's heart out:這個短語表示把心撕碎,扎心程度不亞於撕心裂肺。
例:The thought of those poor, hungry children is tearing my heart out.
一想到那些貧窮飢餓的孩子們,我就心碎了。
到了年底的時候,「油膩」又火了!這個油膩直指某些中年男子,特徵包括不注重身材保養、不修邊幅、談吐粗魯等。該詞語最早來源於微博,後因作家馮唐撰寫的《如何避免成為一個油膩的中年猥瑣男(Greasy, Dirty Middle-Aged Man)》一文大火,並引發各種討論。
在文中,馮唐總結了肥胖(overweight)、當眾談性(talking about sex in public)、教育晚輩(preaching to the younger generations)、不注重個人衛生(failing to maintain personal hygiene)等特點以供自省。該詞語現多被網友用來自嘲。
「Oily」 is used to describe middle-aged men who are rude, sloppy, and out of shape. The word first appeared on Chinese social media platforms such as Sina Weibo, and was later picked by netizens from a famous online article on how to avoid becoming an oily obscene middle-aged man.
The term emerged as a comedic insult, and like many of its kinds, an initially vulgar epithet became a self-ascribed identity, in a classic example of a group of middle-class youngsters who has no time for their personal life and care claiming the once derogatory term as their own.
說到「油膩」的英文譯法,參考消息網「雙語彙」欄目認為,《現代漢語詞典》說,「油膩」指「含油多而使人不想吃的」。在英語裡,比較接近的表述是greasy或者oily。但這種譯法只表達「油多」,缺失了「使人不想吃」的意思。Greasy或者oily還有一種解釋:very friendly and polite in a way that is unpleasant and not sincere,也就是油滑,虛偽,跟油膩不太一樣。所以,準確一些的譯法或許是unpleasantly greasy,也就是油得令人不舒服。
這個,不用解釋了吧?中國有嘻哈在當時火的一塌糊塗,除了吳亦凡的經典語錄,選手們各種diss也是讓人大開眼界。當然,這都成為了網絡流行詞。
"Can you freestyle?" became a buzzword, after one of the celebrity judges, Kris Wu, used it to repeatedly grill contestants as he was questioned over his own hip hop legitimacy. Hip hop terms like "diss" - to put someone down - have crept into everyday conversation.
「懟」在生活中有故意找茬(pick on sb)、語言攻擊的意思。比如我們最熟悉的圈內大佬川普,就經常懟人。這個時候,就可以用lash out表示。例如: Trump frequently lashed out at the press. (川普曾屢次痛斥媒體。)類似的表達還有bash,slam,spar等。如果是互懟的話,可以說clash with。
好吧,這些都不重要,再手把手教你怎麼懟人:
You make me sick!
你真讓我噁心!
You eat with that mouth?
你是用這張嘴吃飯的嗎?
Cut it out.
省省吧。
Get over yourself.
別自以為是。
You are out of your mind.
你是真有毛病!
Who do you think you are?
你以為你是誰啊?
最早出自香港電影《家有喜事1992》中兩位主人公間的一段經典對白,非常適合現在網友們口中各種跌宕起伏充滿反轉的故事、段子。一句「Surprise」就是表示這個意思了。
碰上措手不及的事,很多小夥伴都喜歡調侃說「驚不驚喜?意不意外?」然而,實際情況並不驚喜,反而讓人啼笑皆非。英文裡都有哪些表達可以形容這種突如其來的扎心?
當然,在絕大多數情況下,一點也不驚喜,一點也不意外,甚至還有一點點心酸……英文裡都有哪些表達可以形容這種突如其來的扎心?
但是為了不尬聊,你還得接話……那咋整?隨口說一句Shock, horror!說這話時你其實一點兒也不怕,只不過假裝因為看到聽到某件事兒感到驚呆。
比如,舉個例子:Shock, horror! He was seen talking to a woman and it wasn't his wife.(好怕怕啊!有人看到他和一個女人說話,那個女人不是他老婆。)所以,除了看熱鬧不嫌事兒大,哪裡有一點恐慌啊!
還有一個短語not know what hit you,不知道自己被什麼砸了一下,這感覺也是蠻意外的,意思就是自己突然碰上糟糕的事兒,一點兒心理準備也沒有。
例:When he said I was fired, I didn’t know what hit me.
當他告訴我,我被炒了時,我嚇得一時反應不過來。
出處已不可靠,但是據說來自電競圈,表示對玩家的風騷操作表示難以置信且五體投地般的佩服!相比於上面的那一條,這可是真吃驚、真納悶!當然,鬥圖有風險,操作需謹慎,這一系列的圖片告訴你們,是很容易被對方反彈的!
英文裡可以用words fail me表示,即剛剛看到或者聽說的某件事,讓你感到很驚訝,甚至不知道說什麼好, 就可以用這個短語表示「無法用言語表達」。
例:
-So what did you think of Olive's pink outfit?
那麼你覺得奧利芙的那套粉色衣服怎麼樣?
-Words fail me. I've never seen anything quite like it!
我都不知道說什麼好,我從沒見過那樣的東西!
你也可以說 That's a new one on me.以前從沒聽說,對於你來說是新鮮事兒。英文中就可以用這句話表示很驚訝。
國家語言資源檢測和研究中心則表示,網絡用語的創造體現了網民的智慧,其幽默上口緊跟時代的表達,也正是中國網絡社區的最大特點之一。
The China’s National Language Resource Monitoring and Research Center has also expressed positive opinion on internet slang, noting that such linguistic creations are the essence of Chinese internet users』 wisdom, while their humorous style and up-to-date content enable them to become one of the best representations of China’s cyber community.