Hi guys. Its Keith from IELTSspeakingsuccess. Here to give you the skills and confidence you need for the IELTS speaking test. And today, I want to share with you the fluency formula.
大家好。我是 IELTSspeakingsuccess 網頁的基斯。下面就為你提供雅思口語考試所需的技巧和自信。今天，我想和大家分享流利的秘訣。
I want to show you three easy steps to speaking fluently just like this. Let's get straight into it.
我想向你展示三個簡單的步驟，讓你像這樣流利地說英語。讓我們開始吧。
So today, I'm gonna share with you the fluency formula. This is a technique that I have learnt and developed.
今天，我要和你們分享流利的秘訣。這是我學習和形成的一種技巧。
Well, I don't know if it's mine actually, but I've developed it over the years and used it to speak the languages I speak fairly fluently and to help my students as well.?And it is so simple, the fluency formula.
我不知道這是不是我獨有的，但我已經研究很多年了，用這個方法來讓我說得相當流利的語言，也幫助我的學生。而且這個秘訣很簡單。
So without beating around the bush, here it is. One, repeat.
不拐彎抹角，直接來吧。第一，反覆練習。
Two, substitute. Three, make it true.
第二，替代。第三，真情實感。
It doesn't get any easier. Now, I'll explain to you exactly how this works, but first, we need to understand something called chunks right now.
一點都不容易。現在，我將向你們解釋它是原理，但首先，我們需要理解一個叫做 chunks 的東西。
What are chunks? Chunk of bread? Chunk of language? Chunk is a piece of something, so a piece of language.
什麼是 chunks？一塊麵包嗎？一塊語言？Chunk 是某物的一塊，也可以說是語言的組成部分。
We can have lots of kinds of chunks, ok? We can have collocations, grammatical patterns, idioms, functions, phrasal verbs, all of these can be chunks.
這些組成部分有很多類型。有搭配用語，語法結構，習語，功能詞，動詞短語，所有這些都是語言的組成部分。
Two or three words usually put together as a chunk of language and this is the secret to language learning. It really is. But it's so simple.
通常把兩個或三個單詞組合在一起就可以構成語言的一個部分，這就是學習語言的秘訣。確實是。但其實很簡單。
So, let's take grammatical patterns. Instead of learning "I + am + going + to", infinitive, we learn the chunk "I'm going to", "I'm going to", easy.
那麼，讓我們以語法結構為例。我們不學習「I +am+going+to」，不定式，而是學習「I'm going to」， 「I'm going to」，簡單吧。
"You should've", "you should've listened to me", "you should've". "I'd rather", "I'd rather not go".
「You should've」，「you should've listened to me」，「you should've」。「I'd rather」，「I'd rather not go」。
So, instead of thinking of grammar, we think of chunks: "I'm going to", "you should've", "I'd rather". And there are hundreds of chunks.
我們不會去想語法，而是整塊的組合：「I'm going to」，「you should've」，「I'd rather」。有數百個組合。
We can also have chunks which are fillers and these are very common in conversational English. "The thing is. . .", right? Well, "you know". Oh, "by the way". . .
還有填充用語，這在英語會話中很常見。「The thing is...」，對吧？嗯，「you know」，噢，「by the way」。
And when we learn these, we don't learn "by + the + way", we just learned the chunk "by the way". And to really learn this effectively, I think you have to focus on the listening to the sound: "by the way", "by the way"; don't think of "by", "the", "way", three words, think of the sound "by the way", "by the way", "by the way".
我們學習這些的時候，我們不會這樣學：by + the + way，而是整個短語「by the way」。要更有效率地學習它，我認為你需要注重聽它的讀音：「by the way」，「by the way」；不要想著「by」，「the」，「way」，三個詞，而是它的讀音「by the way」，「by the way」，「by the way」。
The more you say it, the more it sounds like one sound and that is what the chunk is all about. We also have phrasal verbs can be chunks.
你說得越多，它聽起來就越像一個詞的音，這就是語言組合。也有動詞詞組的組合。
"Let's put it off", you link it all together, right? "Let's put it off", "listen up", "I get up at 6 o'clock", sometimes "I get up at 7 o'clock", "I get up", right? It's one sound, "I get up". That's your chunk.
「Let's put it off」，連讀。「Let's put it off」，「listen up」，「I get up at 6 o'clock」，有時候「I get up at 7 o'clock」，「I get up」，一個音，「I get up at」。這就是組合。
It's a phrasal verb and it's a chunk, "I get up". So, we're going to look at taking the chunks and putting them into the fluency formula.
這是一個動詞詞組，是一個組合，「I get up」。我們要看看語言組合的流利秘訣是什麼。
So, the fluency formula, as you remember, has three parts. Number one is. . . that's right, repeat.
流利秘訣，你們應該記得，有三個部分。第一個是......沒錯，反覆練習。
So, we take an example. So, here's a grammatical chunk, right? "I want to", "I want to", "I want to go to Paris."
我們舉個例子。這個是語法結構組合，對吧？「I want to」，「I want to」，「I want to go to Paris.」
So, the chunk is "I want to". We can make it meaningful, in this example, "go to Paris".
組合是「I want to」。我們可以使它有意義，在這個例子中，加上「go to Paris」。
Now, to repeat this, it doesn't really work if you're just reading it off a piece of paper, because then you miss so much. What you really need is to be listening a lot and to find listening or audio models.
要反覆練習它，如果你只是從一張紙上讀，並不真的有效，因為那樣你會錯過很多。你真正需要的是多聽，並找到聽力或音頻模式。
So, if you're listening to a podcast or a YouTube video or one of my model answers, there's lots of those and lots of nice examples. You can pick out a chunk that you want to practice, maybe it's a chunk you don't feel confident with or a chunk you're not very fluent with.
如果你在聽播客或 YouTube 視頻或我的示範答案，有很多這樣的好例子。你可以選擇一個你想練習的組合，也許是你不自信的組合，或者是你不太流利的組合。
This is a very simple example, right, but when you listen, you can pick up things around pronunciation and I think there are three things I recommend. One is the connected speech.
這是一個非常簡單的例子，但是當你聽的時候，你可以學到與發音有關的東西，我想我有三個建議。一個是連讀。
So, "pick up", "pick up", the connected speech. "I want to", "want to", connects, right? "I want to", "I want to".
例如「pick up」，「pick up」，連讀。「I want to」，「I want to」，連起來的，對吧？「I want to」，「I want to」。
Connected speech. Number one. Number two, pick up the stress, the word stress.
連讀，第一個。第二個，學習到重讀，單詞重讀。
"I want to go to Paris", "I want to go to Paris", "I want to go to Paris". You'll notice that the weak forms of "to" is /t/, "to", again is /t/.
「I want to go to Paris」，「I want to go to Paris」，「I want to go to Paris」。你會注意到，「to」的弱讀是/t/，「to」，讀成/t/。
The weak forms come before the stress. So, it's not "I want to/tu/ go to Paris".
弱讀在重讀之前。因此，不是「I want to/tu/ go to Paris」。
It's "I want to/t/ go to/t/ Paris". "I want to/t/ go to/t/ Paris."
是「I want to/t/ go to/t/ Paris」。
So notice the stress. So number 1 notice the connected speech.
注意重讀。第一，注意連讀。
Number 2 notice the stress. And number 3 is notice the intonation or the rhythm if you like.
第二，注意重讀。第三，注意語調，或者節奏，隨你喜歡。
dee dee dee dee dee, dee dee dee dee dee dee. . . "I want to go to Paris.". . . . "I want to go to Paris."
dee dee dee dee dee, dee dee dee dee dee dee......「I want to go to Paris.」......「I want to go to Paris.」
I know we don't speak like that but what we do actually, I mean when we practicing it's useful to pick up on and learn this kind of intonation and and rhythm. So that is repeating.
我知道我們不那樣說話，但我們實際上做的是，我的意思是，當我們練習的時候，注意學習這種語調和節奏是很有用的。這就是反覆練習。
I, I know I've made it sound a bit complicated with all the pronunciation, but it's just repeat. "I want to go to Paris."
我知道這個發音聽起來有點複雜，但就是重複。「I want to go to Paris.」
Try, and again and again. Brilliant.
嘗試，繼續嘗試，繼續嘗試。太棒了。
So just repeat it until the cows come home. No, just repeat it three or four times is enough.
你只要把這話重複一遍，直到永遠。不，只要重複三到四次就足夠了。
That is the first step. And what is happening here is it's a bit like going down the gym.
這是第一步。這裡發生的事情有點像去健身房。
It's all muscle work. You're training your muscles in your mouth and in your jaw and your lips to produce the English sounds.
都是肌肉運動。你在訓練你的嘴、下巴和嘴唇的肌肉來發出英語發音。
Probably a lot of the sounds in your mother tongue are different and they use different muscles. So, this is a bit like going down the gym, right?
你的母語可能有很多不同的發音，它們使用不同的肌肉。所以，這就有點像去健身房，對吧？
"I want to go to Paris", "I want to go to Paris." You're practicing the weights and the barbell.
「I want to go to Paris」，「I want to go to Paris.」你在練習舉重和槓鈴。
Great. Number one is repeating.
太棒了。第一個是反覆練習。
Part, part, stage two of the fluency formula, copyright Keith O'Hare. Mm-hmm, no, it's not. Really, share this with the world.
流利秘訣的第二階段，版權歸基斯·奧黑爾所有。呵呵，不是啦。認真的，向全世界分享這個秘訣。
Stage two is. . . Correct! Substitute.
第二階段是......正確。替代。
Substitute. So, "I want to go to Paris".
替代。例如「I want to go to Paris」。
Substitute "go to Paris" for another place. "I want to go to Manchester."
用另一個地方代替「go to Paris」。「I want to go to Manchester.」
"I want to go to London." "I want to go to Australia."
「I want to go to London.」「I want to go to Australia.」
"I want to go to New York." Have a go.
「I want to go to New York.」試一下。
And again. And again.
再來。再來。
The secret is the practice, practice. Now, what's happening here is not only is it muscle practice, but you're starting to engage the brain a little bit just a little bit and you're building flexibility.
秘訣是練習，練習。這裡不僅僅是肌肉練習，而且你開始讓大腦參與一點進來，你正在鍛鍊靈活性。
"I want to go to Paris." "I want to go to London."
「I want to go to Paris.」「I want to go to London.」
It's great practice and you'll notice you're actually also practicing lots of place names, cities or countries. This is stage 2, substitution.
這是一個很好的練習，你會注意到你實際上也在練習很多地名、城市或國家。這是第二階段，替代。
For example, "I want to go to London," "I want to go to the cinema," "I want to go home." That's all we're doing, substitute and repeat, okay?
例如，「I want to go to London，」 「I want to go to the cinema，」「I want to go home.」我們做的就是這些，替代和反覆練習。
If possible, try not to read this because you don't want to be reading aloud. That is not gonna help you because "surprise" "surprise".
如果可能的話，儘量不要讀，不要大聲朗讀。那樣對你沒有幫助，例如「surprise」，「surprise」。
When you go down the shop or the pub and speak to your friends, you don't have your scripts written in front of you. It has to be up here, okay?
當你去商店或酒吧和你的朋友交談時，你面前並沒有你的劇本。它肯定是在這裡的。
So, avoid reading. That's substitution.
所以，避免讀出來。那就是替代。
Number three, stage three of the fluency formula is. . . Very good! Well done!
第三，流利秘訣的第三階段是......非常好！做得好！
Stage three is make it true. Make it true here, takes it a step further.
第三個階段是真情實感。表達真情實感需要更進一步。
So not only are we working the muscles. Not only are we building flexibility, but we are now engaging the brain by thinking about what is true for me.
我們不僅在鍛鍊肌肉。不僅是鍛鍊靈活性，還有讓我們的大腦思考自己的真實所想，讓我們的大腦參與進來。
"I want to go to Paris." "Really? Do you really want to go to Paris or somewhere else?"
「我想去巴黎。」「真的嗎？你真的想去巴黎還是別的地方？」
What is true for you? "Oh, I don't want to go to Paris at all."
你的真實想法是什麼？「噢，我根本不想去巴黎。」
"I want to go to Sydney." Make it true for you.
「我想去雪梨。」說出你的真實所想。
So, you create sentences that are true for you. If we went back before to "I want to go to London", maybe not, "I want to go to Sydney", "I want to go to Africa", the cinema? mmm, "I want to go to the theatre".
你要按照你的內心去造句。如果我們回到前面「我想去倫敦」，也許不，「我想去雪梨」，「我想去非洲」，電影院？嗯，「我想去劇院。」
And so here we make it true. Maybe "I want to go to Paris."
我們要說出真實想法。也許「我想去巴黎。」
"I want to go to the cinema." "I want to go out."
「我想去電影院。」「我想外出。」
"Actually, I don't want to go to Paris." So, here you could be even changing the grammatical chunk if you want, but making it true.
「事實上，我不想去巴黎。」如果你願意，你甚至可以把語法組合換掉，但要真實。
So, we bring it all together, we've got muscle practise, flexibility, and here engaging the brain, so we're thinking. And these three steps can be done in probably under a minute with any chunk.
都有了，肌肉練習、靈活性、大腦參與，我們在思考。用任意的詞語組合練習這三個步驟可以在一分鐘內完成。
But it is a great start and foundation to build your fluency. Of course, you need to go the next step and get down the pub or the shop or the into the street and practicing with people so you're reacting.
這是提高你的流利程度的一個很好的開始和基礎。當然，你還需要更進一步，到酒吧、商店或大街上和人們練習。
But you've built up this great base for your fluency and it all sits around chunks, right? Chunks like "I want to show you", "three easy steps", "to speaking fluently", "just like this", "just like this".
但你已經為你的流利打下了良好的基礎，而這一切都是關於語言組合的，對吧？像這些組合「I want to show you」，「three easy steps」，「to speaking fluently」，「just like this」，「just like this」。
I want to show you three easy steps to speaking fluently just like this. That's how we build fluency.
我想向你展示三個簡單的步驟，讓你像這樣流利地說英語。這就是我們提高流利度的方法。
That is the fluency formula. Don't just sit there.
這就是流利的秘訣。別光坐在那兒。
Get out there, start practicing. It's better to do five minutes every day rather than one hour once a week.
走出去，開始練習。最好是每天做五分鐘，而不是一周做一小時。
Do a little bit every day and you will see your fluency really picking up. For the chunks, go and look at some sample answers.
每天練習一點，你會發現你的流利程度真的提高了。至於這些組合，去看看一些參考答案吧。
Go and find some audio and pick out the chunks you want to work on. Remember, don't read, listen.
去找一些音頻，然後挑出你想練習的部分。記住，不要讀，要聽。
That's it. The fluency formula, have fun.
就是這樣。流利的秘訣，好好享受。
Thank you very much. Oh, if you enjoyed this video, if you found it useful, share it with a friend.
非常感謝。如果你喜歡這個視頻，如果你覺得它有用，和朋友分享吧。
Subscribe here and why not leave a comment. I mean, do you want to go to Paris?
點擊這裡訂閱，並留下評論。我是說，你想去巴黎嗎？
Where do you really want to go? Give me a comment, even those writing it's a good start.
你到底想去哪裡？給我一個評論，即使寫一下都是一個好的開始。
And that's it, I look forward to seeing you again soon. Thank you very much. Byebye.
就這些了，我期待著很快再見到你。非常感謝。拜拜。