第16課時
代詞是代替名詞或名詞短語的一種詞類。大多數代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。英語中的代詞,可分為:人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、疑問代詞、關係代詞、反身代詞、連接代詞和相互代詞九種。小學階段主要接觸的是前5種。
一、人稱代詞
人稱代詞是表示「我」「你」「他」「她」「它」「我們」「你們」「他們」的詞,是表示自身或人稱的代詞。人稱代詞有單複數以及格的變化。
1.第一人稱
人稱代詞的主格作主語。
I am a girl,我是一個女孩。
We go to the park every Saturday.
我們每周六去公園。
人稱代詞的賓格作賓語。
Give me a pencil, please.
請給我一支鉛筆。
Miss Fang teaches us English.
方老師教我們英語。
2.第二人稱和第三人稱
第二、第三人稱在用法上與第一人稱一樣:
You are a good teacher.(主語)
你是一位好老師。
She is so happy to see us(主語)
她很高興見到我們。
Don’t tell him about it(賓語)
不要告訴他這件事情。
It’s a nice present. I like it.(主語和賓語)
這是一份很棒的禮物,我超級喜歡。
學習小貼士:
●幾個人稱代詞若作為主語連用,一般情況下第一人稱I放在最後。
He and I are both students 他和我都是學生。
●it一般表示動物或者沒有生命的物體。
但有幾種情況下我們也常用it,比如說:
①表示嬰兒。
Look at the baby. It’s so cute.
看那個嬰兒,他真可愛。
②表示不清楚的狀況。
Who is it?It’s me.
誰在敲門,是我。
二、物主代詞
表示所有關係的代詞叫做物主代詞。物主代詞可分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種。列表如下:
1.形容詞性物主代詞
可用作定語,相當於形容詞
I love my country,我熱愛我的國家。
Is this your car?這是你的汽車嗎?
2.名詞性物主代詞
可用作主語、賓語、表語以及與"of」連接的定語,在句子裡的作用相當於名詞。
Li Hua's bike is red, and yours is green.
李華的自行車是紅色的,而你的是綠色的。
That car is mine, not yours.
那輛汽車是我的,不是你的。
These books are ours.
這些書是我們的。
Whose bag is it? It's hers.
這是誰的書包?是她的。
Yesterday I met a friend of mine in the street.
昨天我在街上碰見了我的一位朋友。
學習小貼士:
★名詞性物主代詞往往用在對話雙方已經知道所談論的對象,所以可以省略名詞。而在實際使用中,我們也經常會遇到形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞一起出現的情況。如:
Is this your car?
這是你的車嗎?
No, it’s his. 不,是他的。(大家都知道在談論的是車)
★針對形容詞性物主代詞的提問和名詞性物主代詞的提問也有不同:
It's my watch.這是我的手錶。
—Whose watch is it?這是誰的手錶?
The watch is mine.這塊手錶是我的。
—Whose is the watch?這塊手錶是誰的?
三、指示代詞
表示這個,那個,這些,那些以及it,such,same等詞叫做指示代詞。指示代詞在句中作主語、賓語、表語和定語。
That is a red car.那是一輛紅色汽車。
What do you like? I like this.你喜歡什麼?我喜歡這個。
I should say I know that.我應該說我知道這件事情。
1. this和these表示在時間上或空間上較近的人或物
This is a house.
這是一幢房子。
These are cars.
這些是汽車。
I am busy these days.
我這些日子很忙。
2.that和those表示在時間上或空間上較遠的人或物
That is not a star.
那不是一顆星星。
Those are trees.
那些是樹。
學習小貼士:
指示代詞在使用時注意單數和複數。
在用法上要注意,複數時謂語動詞也要變成複數形式,我們來對比一下:
This is a pear.這是一隻梨。
These are pears.這些是梨。
That bird is green.那隻鳥是綠色的。
Those birds are green.那些鳥是綠色的。
人稱
單數
複數
主格
賓格
主格
賓格
第一人稱
I
第二人稱
you
you
you
第三人稱
him
she
it
二、填空:
1.Let _____ (I) help ____ (you).
2.Let _____ (we) go.
3.(I) _____ are students.
4.I can't find _____ (they).
5.Give ____ (he) the book.
參考答案:1. me,you 2. us 3. We 4.them 5.him
三、選擇
1.________are in the same class.
A.Her and me B.She and l
C.Me and her D.l and she
2.Please call ___ at 256-5896
A me B my C I D mine
3.-Do you like these computers?
-No,I don't like_______.
A it B them C they
4.Our teacher think_______are right.
A.We B.us C it D she
5.______go to the party.
A.He,I and you B.I, you and he
C.You,I and he D.You,he and I
參考答案:B A B A D
四、用括號中的適當形式填空:
(1)Are these ________(you)pencils?
Yes, they are ________(our).
(2)—Whose is this pencil?
—It’s ________(I).
(3)I love ________(they)very much.
(4)She is________(I)classmate.
參考答案:1.your ,ours. 2.mine 3.them 4.my
五、代詞練習:
A. 寫出各個代詞的對應項。
人稱代詞主格
人稱代詞賓格
形容詞性物主代詞
名詞性物主代詞
I
you
his
her
it
us
you
their
B. 用代詞的適當形式填空。
1. Miss Gao teaches ____ English at school. (we)
2. I need a new schoolbag, so ___ mother buys one for ___. (I)
3. This is not my dictionary. This is _____ (she)
4. This book is not ____(he)
5. Look at ____ mouth. (I )
6. They are ____ parents. (he)
7.Your school is newer(更新) than(比) ___ . (she)
8. ____ classroom is bright(明亮).(I )
9. He is ___ father . (Bob)
10. Thank you for helping ___(I )
11.This isn’t ___pen. ___ is over there. (she)
12.___ school is far away from (遠離) ___ home. (he)
參考答案:1.us 2.my, me 3.hers 4.him 5.my 6.his 7.hers 8.My 9.Bob`s 10.me 11.her ,Hers 12.His,his
六、用所給詞的適當形式填空。
1.(we) ___ can go to the zoo by bus.
2.Ms Ding teaches _______(we) maths.
3.Bob loves _______(he) mother very much.
4.Do you know ________ (they) new teacher?
5. ________(we) new model plane can fly very high.
6. I have a lovely(可愛的) cat, ____(it) name is Carl.
7. Jim is a very good boy. We all like ____(he).
8. The boy under the tree is Henry. This is ____ (he) bike.
9.She doesn’t like ____(she) new skirt.Who bought(買) it for___(she)?
10.Who is the man over there(那邊 )? He is ___(we) teacher.
11. Is this red bag yours? No, _____ is yellow. ( I )
參考答案:1.We 2.us 3.his 4.their 5.Our 6.its 7.him 8.his 9.her,her 10. our 11.mine
七、根據提示填空。
1. Where are 我的____ shoes?
2. Are those 你的_____shoes?
3. 他___ looks at 她____.
4. Can you come and play with 我____?
5. ___ 我can help 他____with 他的____ English.
6. Do you like 她___?
7. 我們的____ teacher asks 我們___ to study hard(努力學習).
8. Why do you let 他們___sit there quiet?
9. whose(誰的) car is this? It’s 她的 ____. 她的___car is new.
10. This car is for you, it’s ____你的 now.
參考答案:1.my 2.your 3.He, her 4.me 5.I , him ,his 6.her 7.Our,us 8.them 9.hers, Her 10.yours.
八、改錯, 判斷下列句子中的代詞是否有錯誤,如果有請改正。
1.I like he.
2. This car is your.
3.We call they lions(獅子).
4. Those model planes are my.
5. Can me help you?
6. What is she name?
7. She is reading(讀) a book for they.
8. This book isn’t her, it’s mine.
參考答案:1. × he改為him 2.your改為yours. 3.they 改為them 4.my改為mine 5.me改為I 6. she 改為her 7.they 改為them 8. her改為hers
九、請將下列單詞分類,並寫出漢語意思。
yours us her his me hers it them mine you our him ours her you my your his their theirs its
主格 賓格 形容詞性物主代詞 名詞性物主代詞
I me我 my mine 我的
You you你 your yours 你的
He him他 his his 他的
She her她 her hers她的
It it它 its its 它的
We us我們 our ours 我們的
You you你們 your yours你們的
They them她(他,它)們 their theirs 她(他,它)們的
十、練習:
1. This is not _____ desk. My desk is over there.
2. -Can you spell _____ name, Harry? -Sorry.
3. Tom and Jack are brothers. This is _____ room.
4. We are in the same class. _____ classroom is very nice.
5. Mrs Green is my teacher. I’m _____ student.
6. That’s a cat. _____ name is Mimi.
7. Tom is in the room. This is _____ pencil-box.
8. Sam and Peter, look at _____ hands(手). They are so dirty.
9. -Mike, is this _____ picture? -Yes, it is.
10. -Can we put(放) _____ shorts here? -Yes, you can.
11. Mom, they are _____ classmates Rose(女) and _____brother David.
12. Jack, where are _____ socks?
參考答案:1.my 2.your 3.their 4.Our 5.her 6.Its 7.his 8.their 9.your 10.our 11.our,her 12.your
十一、用括號中的適當形式填空
(1)Are these _____(you)pencils?
Yes, they are _____(our).
(2)—Whose is this pencil?
—It’s _____(I).
(3)I love _____(they)very much.
(4)She is_____(I)classmate.
(5)Miss Li often looks after(照顧)_____(she)brother.
(6)—Are these _____(they)bags ?
—No, they aren’t _____(their). They are ___(we).
參考答案:1.your .ours 2.mine 3.them 4.my 5. her 6.their ,theirs,ours
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