《趣味科普學英語》介紹
《趣味科普學英語》精選內容有趣的科普類話題，短短幾分鐘，讓你收穫的不僅僅是英語的提升，還有知識層面的擴充。真的是一舉多得！
導讀
網上關於蘋果醋的用處的說法有很多，這些說法都是正確的嗎，讓我們一起來看一看。
視頻
謝謝收看，獲取本文音視頻、中英文文本等更多英語學習資源在弓重浩：不背英語 希望可以幫助你提高英語水平。
中英文文本
等等 你們是怎麼拉近鏡頭的
Benji Jones: Wait, how zoomed-in are you?
網際網路有多種用途
The internet is good for many things,
但是提供可信的自然療法建議
but providing trustedadvice on natural remedies
絕對不是其中之一
is definitely not one of them,
尤其是在涉及蘋果醋的方面
especially when it comesto apple cider vinegar.
谷歌的快速搜索會告訴你
A quick Google search will show you that people use it
蘋果醋的用途廣泛 比如清潔牙齒
for everything from cleaning their teeth
以及治療酵母感染
to curing yeast infections.
所以如果網際網路上的人正在這樣做
So if people on the internet are doing it,
那就值得嘗試 對吧？
it’s worth trying, right?
絕對是錯的
Definitely wrong.
因為不僅沒有足夠的證據支持
Because not only is there little evidence to support
大多數蘋果醋的使用方法是正確的
most of the uses for apple cider vinegar,
而且其中一些方法會直接對你造成傷害
but some of them arestraight-up bad for you.
蘋果醋本質上就是發酵過的果汁
Apple cider vinegar isbasically just fermented juice.
酵母使蘋果汁裡的糖分解為酒精
Yeast turns the sugars inapple juice into alcohol,
然後細菌將酒精轉化為醋酸
and bacteria then turns that alcohol into acetic acid,
這種化學物質與蘋果醋的大部分功效有關
the chemical linked to most of cider vinegar’s alleged benefits.
但是這裡有一點 這種發酵過程並不是蘋果醋所特有的
But here’s the thing: This process isn’t unique to apple cider vinegar.
事實上 醋酸在所有的醋裡都存在
In fact, acetic acid isin all types of vinegar,
無論是白葡萄酒還是義大利黑醋
from white wine to balsamic.
讓蘋果醋與眾不同的主要原因是
The main thing that makescider vinegar different
它可能比義大利黑醋更容易下咽
is that it might be easier to swallow than a straight-up swig of balsamic.
並且如果你那麼想把它一大口喝下去
And if you are soinclined to gulp it down,
除非是因為其中有你在意的好處
there’s at least one benefityou can look forward to.
研究顯示在飯後喝蘋果醋
Research shows that drinkingcider vinegar after a meal
可能會幫助降低血糖
may help lower your blood-sugar levels.
研究已經證明
Edwin McDonald: So studieshave demonstrated that when
人們享用高澱粉含量的一餐後
people eat a high-starchmeal and follow it
喝一點蘋果醋
with a little bit of apple cider vinegar,
則餐後血糖的上升
the blood sugars after eating those meals
可能不會和空白對照組的人一樣多
may not go up as much compared to when you eat placebo.
Edwin McDonald是醫生也是科班出身的廚師
That’s ndtrained chef Edwin McDonald.
他說僅僅攝入20克蘋果醋
He says that ingesting as little as 20 grams of apple cider vinegar
就已經被證明可以減緩食物
has been shown to slow the release of food
從胃到腸道的釋放
from your stomach into your intestines.
在那裡 你的身體將把像義大利麵一樣的澱粉類食物分解為糖
That’s where your body breaks down starches like pasta into sugars,
因此……
and as a result…
你不會很快吸收這些糖分
You’re not gonnaabsorb those sugars as quickly.
而你不快速吸收糖分
So when you don’t absorbsugars as quickly,
你的胰島素水平就不會飆升
your insulin levelsreally don’t rise as much,
所以你的血糖也不會上升太多
and your blood sugar doesn’t rise as much.
這對糖尿病和糖尿病前期患者來說
And that’s great news for anyone
是一個好消息
who’s diabetic or pre-diabetic.
現在 不管你在網上讀到什麼減肥知識
Now, despite what you read online,
它可能不會幫助你減肥
it probably won’t help you lose weight.
我也經營著一家體重管理診所
I also run a weight-management clinic,
這個問題經常出現
and this question comes up all the time. Jones:
但是在飯後降低你的血糖
But lowering your bloodsugar after a meal is just
是喝蘋果醋的唯一好處
about the only benefit ofdrinking apple cider vinegar.
研究表示
Research does suggest
老鼠攝入醋酸可減緩體脂的積累
that acetic acid can slow down the accumulation of body fat
並且預防代謝紊亂
and prevent metabolicdisorders in mice and rats.
但是沒有足夠的證據表明這對人類有同樣的效果
But there’s little evidence that it has the same effect on humans.
在一個減肥實驗中 30個志願者
In one weight-lossexperiment, 30 volunteers
喝下兩湯匙蘋果醋
drank two tablespoons ofeither apple cider vinegar,
麥芽醋 或者無效對照劑
malt vinegar, or a placebo drink,
一天兩次 連續兩個月
twice a day, for two months straight,
沒有任何人的體重減輕
and none of them lost weight.
在一個更早期類似設計的研究中
In an older study with a similar design,
參與者確實體重減輕
participants did lose weight, but only about a
但每周只有1/3磅
third of a pound each week,
McDonald說這不是很多
which McDonald says isn’t much.
但如果你不是為了減肥
But if not for weight loss,
用蘋果醋來美白你的牙齒怎麼樣呢
what about using cider vinegar to whiten your teeth?
我警告人們不要這樣做
I caution people against that.
因為蘋果醋是一種酸
That’s becausecider vinegar is an acid.
事實上 大多數類型的酸的PH值都在2~3之間
In fact, most brands have a pH
這個值和胃酸的值接近
between 2 and 3, which is similar to stomach acid,
所以用它作為漱口水的話
so swishing it around in your mouth
隨著時間退推移 這會腐蝕牙齒周圍的牙釉質
can over time wear down theenamel around your teeth,
使牙齒變得十分粗糙
leaving them feeling rough to the touch
並且更容易有蛀牙和造成腐爛
and more susceptibleto cavities and decay.
呀
Yikes.
還有人用蘋果醋代替洗髮水
Then there are the people who use apple cider vinegar as a shampoo replacement.
事實上 這的確有一個很好的理由
And as it turns out, there’s actually a pretty good reason for that.
因為蘋果醋具有酸性 McDonald說
Because cider vinegar is soacidic, Dr. McDonald says
它能殺死一些 讓你的頭髮變臭的細菌
it can kill some of the microbes that make your hair stink,
並且它能限制 一種能導致產生頭皮屑的真菌的數量
and it can also limit the population of a type of fungus that can lead to dandruff.
但這也有一個缺點
But there’s a flip side.
因為蘋果醋酸性太強
Because cider vinegar is so acidic,
它會灼傷或者刺激你的頭皮
it can also burn or irritate your scalp.
所以你每次都必須用水稀釋它
So you should always dilute it with water.
噢 不管你在網上讀到了什麼
Oh, and despite what you read online,
蘋果醋對頭蝨是無效的
cider vinegar is not effective against head lice.
事實上 研究發現人們用來消滅蝨子的6種辦法中
In fact, one study foundthat among six home remedies
如橄欖油和蛋黃醬
that people use to eliminate lice, like olive oil and mayonnaise,
其中蘋果醋是最不有效的
apple cider vinegar isthe least effective.
雖然它們其實都不管用
None of them worked though.
關於蘋果醋能做什麼的說法還有很多
The claims of what applecider vinegar can do don’t stop there.
但至少從現在開始要記住
Just keep in mind that at least from now,
它們都未經過大量科學研究證實
none of them is supported by a largebody of scientific research.
現在 當然 我們不是在討論味道
Now, of course, we’renot talking about taste.
說到烹飪 蘋果醋的美味是毋庸置疑的
When it comes to cooking,there’s no uncertainty: Apple cider vinegar is delicious.
我在做調味品 泡菜 醬汁的時候總是會用到它
I use it all the time when making dressing, pickles, and sauces.
是的 我會做飯
Yes, I cook.
而我不會一吃完飯就認為自己已經吞下了某種靈
I just don’t walk away from meals thinking I』ve just swallowed some ultimate cure-all.