7 Common Mistakes Chinese English Speakers Make
專家盤點口語中容易犯的七宗罪
大家是否也有同樣的感覺，一說英語，就會發覺自己總是一會兒"he"，一會兒"she"，一不小心就搞錯了對方的性別？一說英語，就會困惑，我"昨天"用過去時態了嗎？資深美國外教Mike給大家現身說法支招破解中國人的7大高頻口語錯誤。
I've taught more than 2,000 classes and at least 1,500 different students since I arrived here in Zhengzhou in 2011. I've trained more than 300 Chinese English teachers. I've compiled a list (below) of 7 common mistakes that I've observed in my students. I'm giving them to whoever can benefit in improving their English。
自2011年到鄭州，我大概教過各類學生1500多名，培訓的300多名中國英語教師。通過觀察到學生們常犯的7大錯誤。現總結如下，以便大家學習參考。
1. Articles - Articles in English are a, an and the. I realize that such do not exist in Chinese. In fact, there are many languages that do not use articles. In English, we use them. To learn English well and to become proficient, you must learn them and use them. Obviously, you will use only 2 of them the vast majority of the time. 'An' is used before words (nouns) that begin with a vowel sound. Also, sometimes I hear people insert articles where one is not needed。
冠詞—英語中的冠詞即a, an以及the。我發現中文裡並沒有冠詞，實際上，很多語言都不使用冠詞，但在英語中，我們使用它們。要學好並精通英語，你必須學會使用它們，大多時候，你只需要用到其中2個即可。"An"通常置於以元音開頭的名詞之前，但我常常聽到會有人在不合時宜時候使用冠詞。
2. Genders - The Chinese language uses 'ta' (first tone) to represent the third person singular pronoun. In writing, however, it is specific in identifying male and female. English simply does the same except it does it also in spoken language. I hear a lot speakers who have spoken English for many years, confuse the genders. It just takes practice to train your brain to automatically come out with the correct gender that you want to refer to。
性別—中文裡以"TA"(第一聲)作為第三人稱單數代詞，男"他"女"她"讀音相同。當然書寫的時候區分男女性別。英語中"TA"的書寫跟漢語一樣，但區別於漢字，英語中"他"和"她"的發音也不同。我時常聽到多年說英語的人依然對性別指稱混淆不清。其實，只要多加訓練，你的大腦就會自動輸出你想要表達的正確性別指稱。
3. Also, in the third person singular, most verbs require an 's' at the end of the word. You don't have to learn this rule for any other verb except when referring to 'he/she/it' or if you are using a proper name. Again, focus on this and practice it even if you only do it silently in your mind。
此外，當句子中出現第三人稱單數代詞時，大多動詞後需要在其後加上 "s"。其實，你只需要記住"s"跟在"他/她/它"或具體的名稱後面就好了。重申一下，注重這一點並付諸於實踐，即使你只在心中默念，也會收到很好的效果。
4. Another mistake that is common is when a plural noun is referenced. In Chinese, one will express several dogs as 'many dogs.' This lets the reader know that the speaker is referring to more than one dog. In English, we add an 's' to the end of most words to make them plural. 'Dogs'
另一個常見錯誤即名詞的複數問題。在中文裡，我們用量詞"許多狗"來表達複數概念。而在英語中，我們在名詞後加"s"代表複數，"dogs"即表達許多狗的概念。
5. Verb tenses are also confused by many Chinese English speakers.There is no shortcut to learning what they are in English. We don't say, 'yesterday I walk to school.' We say, 'Yesterday, I walked to school.' And with irregular verbs, we wouldn't say, 'Yesterday I run to school.' We say, 'Yesterday, I ran to school.' Irregular verbs are verbs that don't fall within the 'adding ed rule.' There are lists of them on the Internet。
動詞的時態也是困擾中國英語使用者的難題之一。在英語學習中，學好它們並無捷徑可走。我們說"Yesterday, I walked to school"而不是"yesterday I walk to school."。涉及到不規則動詞，它並不適用於一般動詞變換規則，它的過去式變換表可以在網上找到。比如，我們說"Yesterday, I ran to school"而不是"Yesterday I run to school"。
6. Confusing prepositions. This is a less frequent mistake I've observed. 'In, at, of, with'. There are no rules to make this easier. Also, prepositions are sometimes used differently depending upon whether youhave learned British English or America's Perversion of the Queen's English。
對介詞用法混淆不清。這是我觀察到的第二大高頻錯誤，並沒有特定的規則能把"In, at, of, with"的用法變得簡單。此外，有時候介詞的使用還因英式英語和"墮落"的美國英語的不同而有所不同。
7. Omission of a verb. In Chinese, it isn't necessary to use a verb when an adjective is used to describe the subject (I'm far from being an expert in Chinese, but, this is part of the little bit that I do know about it). You can say, 'I very good.' In English you must use the 'to be' verb and say, "I am very good."
動詞的省略。在中文裡，當用形容詞修飾主語時，不一定非要有動詞才能構成完整的句子(我並不是中文專家，碰巧對這個知道一點點)。你可以說，"我很好(I very good)",但在英語中，你必須加上be動詞，"I am very good"才是完整、正確的形式。
I think one of the greatest temptations is to simply translate your Chinese into English. I think this works often, however, some times you end up with what many call 'Chinglish'. I find this most often when people tend to study a lot of English vocabulary and perhaps neglect oral practice。
我認為語言學習者更容易去將一種語言機械生硬的翻譯成另外一種語言。當然這有時候也湊效。然而久而久之就造成了我們常說的"中式英語"。這種情況在那些只專注於詞彙學習而忽視口語練習的學習者身上表現的特別明顯。
I hope this blog helps those of you who want to improve your English. It might serve as a review for you。
我希望這篇博客能對你提高英語有所助益。起碼給你提個醒吧。
(via China Daily)
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