Affect 和Effect這兩個英語單詞的用法經常被混淆,本身它們聽起來就很相似,最糟糕的是還具有相似的含義。
Affect 和Effect的定義
Affect,通常用作動詞,指影響、使產生變化或假裝去感受某件事。
Effect,通常用作名詞,指結果/後果,也有模仿某物而弄出的特定外觀/聲音(如 "the effect of flying"-飛行效果)。當用作動詞時,effect指引起。
注意:如果您在學習心理學或精神病學相關的專業領域,您可能很熟悉名詞affect的特殊用法(第一個音節重讀),意思是「表現出來的情緒反應」。但是,這個專業術語很少出現在日常用語中。
Affect 和Effect英語單詞用法例句
例1:Volcanoes can temporarily affect the atmosphere.(火山可以暫時性地影響大氣。)
例2:He wanted to dream of the woman who was to be his wife, to think out lines for noble poems or make plans that would affect his career. Much to his surprise his mind refused to do anything of the sort.(他想要夢見曾經的未婚妻,想要回想起著名詩詞、想要制定職業生涯規劃。但他自己也很不解為什麼自己的內心卻很抗拒他想做的事情。)
例3:If you want to effect change in Washington, you have to vote.(如果你想在華盛頓實現變革,你必須投票。)
例4: Social life is imbued with affect. Every interaction with others can influence our emotional state, and affect in turn plays an important role in the way we form judgments and behave in strategic social situations.(社會生活到處都在互相影響。與他人的每次互動都會影響我們的情緒,從而影響到自我判斷力和行為方式的形成)
例5:Orville and Wilbur Wright may have built what was in effect a flying bicycle, but the only way we know what it's like to ride one is through the mediation of film. (Orville和Wilbur Wright可能已經建造了和飛行自行車一樣的東西,但目前只有在電影裡我們才知道要如何騎行這種自行車)
例6:Despite differences in their effects on animals, a wide range of animal diseases have the potential to affect producers and consumers in some very similar ways.(儘管動物疾病對動物的影響各異,但都有可能以某種非常相似的方式影響生產者和消費者。)
Affect 和Effect英語單詞用法說明
這兩個英語單詞用法容易搞混是因為:anything that affects something else has an effect on it(任何影響其他事物的東西都會對其產生影響。)
我們可以從以下幾點去記住affect 和effect英語單詞用法的區別:
1. affect 和effect作為動詞時的意思差異就很大。也許能夠輕鬆區分這兩個英語單詞用法的方法是將affect理解為可以產生部分結果; 將effect理解為要取得圓滿成績。
- The cost of the farm program affects all our pocketbooks.(投資農場計劃讓我們生活拮据)
- Arbitration was necessary to effect a settlement of the strike.(仲裁是解決罷工的必要手段)
2. Affect作為動詞還有另一層意思:假裝或虛構某物來影響某事。
- She affected a passion for sports because she loved college weekends. 由於她喜歡大學的周末,所以她假裝很喜歡體育運動。
3. Effect(影響的意思)一般用作名詞;affect做名詞時僅用於心理學。
Affect, Effect和 Impact 英語單詞用法有什麼區別?
許多作家和編輯已經懶得去糾結如何正確使用affect 和effect了,反而是喜歡用impact來替代,從而淡化了「衝擊力」這一層含義 。
當把impact用作動詞時, 就相當於A affects B;當把impact用作名詞時,就相當於 A has an effect on B。因此可以理解為affect側重的是影響的行為,effect側重的是影響的結果。
Affect 和Effect英語單詞用法習題
(a)Artificial sweeteners may _____ the brain's perception of sugars.
(b) Large doses of artificial sweeteners may have an adverse _____ on people.
(c)Low lying clouds have a cooling _____ on the atmosphere.
(d)Flint River water was so corrosive that it was leaching away lead in older pipes and contaminating the water. The health consequences of this may _____ children, in particular, for the rest of their lives.
(e)It is time to _____ a revolution in female manners—time to restore to them their lost dignity—and make them, as a part of the human species, labor by reforming themselves to reform the world.
答案:
Affect
effect
effect
Affect
effect