為什麼很多人聽力無法提高？
原因可能有：
▪沒有選對材料，聽過難或簡單的聽力材料；
▪沒有刻意訓練，只是不斷聽，沒有糾正自己的錯誤；
▪大多數人都會涉及到的一個問題，堅持不下來。
關注普特的小夥伴們都知道普特君一直開設聽力訓練營來和大家一起堅持練習聽力，那第十期聽力訓練營（30天聽力進階訓練）開始報名啦！前200名只需29.9元！
30天聽力持續進階訓練：
▪素材節選自每天更新的VOA慢速、常速和BBC中的30s以內的音頻便於聽寫；
▪每天的6句話做到完全聽懂，單詞學會，那在30天解鎖課程中就會得到真正的進階。
🔻識別二維碼參與課程🔻
The Verbs Let, Allow and Permit
The verbs "let," "allow" and "permit" are part of a group of verbs called "causatives." These verbs express how one person or thing causes something else to happen. For instance, if I said, "She let me borrow the book," the subject (she) is not the person who borrowed the book. Instead, she caused someone (me) to borrow it.
In a past Everyday Grammar program, we told you about the causative verbs "make," "get" and "have." Today, we will tell you about "let," "allow" and "permit" – three verbs that deal with permission.
These verbs are synonyms - words with very close meanings. They mean:
to give permission to someone or something to do something or
to make it possible for someone or something to have or do something
Making causatives
We will look at each verb. But let's begin by talking a little bit more about causatives.
In a causative sentence, the subject does not perform the action of the main verb. Instead, the subject (a person or thing) causes the action to happen to the object (another person or thing).
Causative sentences start with a subject, followed by a causative verb, then an object and then the main verb. Think of it as X causing Y to do something.
How to use Let
Okay, now let's talk about "let." It is the most informal of the three verbs.
Listen to some examples and make a note of which sentences are about possibility and which are about permission.
You will also hear that the main verbs – go, enjoy and cook – are in simple form. The simple form is the most basic form of a verb without "to" before it or "s" at the end. Have a listen:
I let my children go to the game every week.
The warm days let us enjoy the end of summer.
Let the vegetables cook for about 20 minutes.
How to use Allow
Now, let's look at "allow." It is more formal than "let" but less formal than "permit." You can use it in everyday situations. You may also find it in official rules, such as street, building and office signs.
With "allow," we use the infinitive form for main verbs. The infinitive form is "to" plus the simple form of the verb.
In the following examples, make a note of the meaning of "allow" in each. Which sentences are about permission? Which are about possibility? And, note the use of infinitive main verbs:
My teaching skills allow me to help English learners.
Her parents do not allow her to eat beef.
They do not allow us to smoke in the building.
You may have noted that two examples are in the negative form. When talking about rules, we often use "allow" in the negative to say what people must not do.
The passive form
Now, let's take a quick break to talk about the passive form, an important form for these verbs. The verbs "allow" and "permit" are often used in passive sentences.
You may remember our past programs on passive voice.
In a passive sentence, the subject is acted upon, or receives the action of the verb. The subject is often not mentioned in the sentence.
When we speak or write about official rules, we often use passive voice. Let's hear the smoking rule again, this time in the passive:
Smoking is not allowed in the building.
The person or people who made the rule are not mentioned because it is not relevant to the statement.
How to use Permit
Now, onto "permit" – the most formal of the three verbs.
We use it for everyday rules, such as those of a family. We also use it when talking about making things possible.
But, in American English, "permit" is more common in sentences about official rules, such as in signs and handbooks that state what you are not permitted to do.
And, like "allow," we use the infinitive form for main verbs with "permit." Listen for the infinitives in these examples:
Her parents do not permit her to eat beef.
The city does not permit pets to ride the Metro.
The zoo does not permit visitors to feed the animals.
Again, for official rules, we often use passive voice. Let's hear two of the examples as passive:
Pets are not permitted to ride the Metro.
Visitors are not permitted to feed the animals.
Imagine these as public signs. Most public signs are not complete sentences. What you often will see is very short wording, such as "smoking not permitted."
It is important to note that not all sentences with "let" "allow" and "permit" follow the causative sentence structure.
Well, I hope you enjoyed letting me tell you all about these causative verbs today.
I'm Alice Bryant.
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