Arch Sexual Beh:出軌,憑什麼心安理得!

2020-12-25 生物谷

編者按:娛樂圈風起雲湧,監獄風雲剛剛落幕,現在好男人一秒變渣男也層出不窮。前有文章、姚笛,現在陳赫、張子萱也異軍突起。馬拉松戀愛卻抵不住小三誘惑?已為人婦卻與他人親熱?面對出軌,人們都是什麼態度,有著怎樣的心理?我們用科學的眼光來解讀那些出軌人的心理活動

2015年1月29日 訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --一篇發表於國際雜誌Archives of Sexual Behavior上的研究論文中,來自查普曼大學(Chapman University)的研究人員對6.4萬美國人進行了一項大規模的研究,來闡明男女在感到嫉妒時表現的不同;研究者表示,相比異性戀女性而言,異性戀男性更容易表現出對性背叛的不安(男性為54%,女性為35%),而異性戀女性卻更容易表現出對情感不忠的不安(女性為65%,男性為46%)。

參與者可以想像到讓他們表現不安的因素,比如他們的伴侶和別的人發生了性關係或者愛上了別人;同進化角度一致,異性戀男性更容易對對方的性背叛表現出不安,而異性戀女性則更容易對伴侶的情感不忠表現出不安。研究者David Frederick表示,異性戀男性應該從眾多人類群體中脫穎而出,因為其對性背叛表現出的不安遠遠超過對情感不忠表現出的不安。性和情感的不忠往往會對男女雙方造成傷害,包括婚姻關係破裂等。

男性和女性面對不忠威脅時,不管是表現出強烈的嫉妒心理還是精心地打扮自己,都是為了吸引對方的注意力,然而嫉妒常常會誘發傷害和暴力行為,因此揭示驅動嫉妒心產生的機理非常關鍵。從進化學角度來講,男性總會面對一個女性絕對不會面對的問題,即父親的不確定性,他們絕對不會知道如果孩子跟他們有一定的遺傳關係,也有一種可能就是孩子或許也是另外一個男人的;相比而言女性絕對不會面對母親不確定性的問題,因此在推測男女性經歷性嫉妒的行為時,研究者會發現,男性的反應往往比女性更強烈一些。

然而從社會文化角度來考慮,男性和女性之間並不存在任何差異,本文研究指出,男性被社會化地認為具有陽剛之氣,這就包括他們具有強大的性能力,如果一個男性的伴侶有性不忠的行為,那麼這就是對其最大的威脅。相比而言,女性更多地會考慮其在家庭中的關係,如果她們的伴侶表現出了情感的不忠,這或許會影響到她們的自我意識,這遠比對方犯性不忠要嚴重的多。

最後研究人員表示,個體對性不忠和情感不忠的反應更容易被環境和個體自身的因素所影響,比如年齡、收入等因素。對伴侶不忠是引發婚姻破裂的常見原因,本文研究為揭示男女在情感不忠和性不忠上的差異提供了新的研究思路和線索。(生物谷Bioon.com)

本文系生物谷原創編譯整理,歡迎轉載!轉載請註明來源並附原文連結。謝謝!

Upset Over Sexual versus Emotional Infidelity Among Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Heterosexual Adults

David A. Frederick, Melissa R. Fales

One hypothesis derived from evolutionary perspectives is that men are more upset than women by sexual infidelity and women are more upset than men by emotional infidelity. The proposed explanation is that men, in contrast to women, face the risk of unwittingly investing in genetically unrelated offspring. Most studies, however, have relied on small college or community samples of heterosexual participants. We examined upset over sexual versus emotional jealousy among 63,894 gay, lesbian, bisexual, and heterosexual participants. Participants imagined which would upset them more: their partners having sex with someone else (but not falling in love with them) or their partners falling in love with someone else (but not having sex with them). Consistent with this evolutionary perspective, heterosexual men were more likely than heterosexual women to be upset by sexual infidelity (54 vs. 35 %) and less likely than heterosexual women to be upset by emotional infidelity (46 vs. 65 %). This gender difference emerged across age groups, income levels, history of being cheated on, history of being unfaithful, relationship type, and length. The gender difference, however, was limited to heterosexual participants. Bisexual men and women did not differ significantly from each other in upset over sexual infidelity (30 vs. 27 %), regardless of whether they were currently dating a man (35 vs. 29 %) or woman (28 vs. 20 %). Gay men and lesbian women also did not differ (32 vs. 34 %). The findings present strong evidence that a gender difference exists in a broad sample of U.S. adults, but only among heterosexuals.

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