定語從句用來充當句中定語的主謂結構；它主要用於修飾句子中的名詞、代詞。而定語從句的位置常常是緊跟在被修飾的名詞、代詞的後面。在被修飾的名詞、代詞與定語從句之間往往有一個關係詞將其前後兩部分聯繫成一個整體，或是構成一個名詞短語；或是構成一個代詞短語。
定語從句的基本結構 The boy who/that sits beside me is unfriendly.The friend (whom / that /who)I met yesterday has left.先行詞指人還是物？關係代詞在從句做什麼成分？先行詞指人時，1、從句中缺少主語， 我們選擇關係代詞who, that , 而且不省略。 2、從句中缺少賓語， 我們選擇關係代詞 whom,who, that , 可以省略。
The house which / that was on fire last night had a history of 100 years.Please lend me the pen (which/ that／)you bought yesterday.先行詞指事物時，1、從句中缺少主語， 我們選擇關係代詞which, that , 而且不省略。 2、從句中缺少賓語， 我們選擇關係代詞 which, that , 可以省略。
概念:1.在句子中修飾名詞或代詞,定語從句 在句中充當定語. 2.定語從句必須有先行詞,並儘量靠近先行詞. 3.在定語從句中,根據先行詞在在從句中充當成分選擇關係詞.關係代詞關係代詞: 指人:who(主格), whom(賓格), 指物 :which(主格,賓格)指人或物:that 1).Where is the man______________ was here just now?2).The old lady_________________ you talked to is her grandmother.3). It’s a book ______ will help you a lot. 4)I don’t like the film __________ we saw yesterday.
The girl whose hair is golden is from England.The desk whose legs are broken is not mine.Whose 的用法：先行詞可以是人，也可以是物。 在從句中充當定語
My father talked about the persons and the things ____ he remember at school.A. that B. which C. who D. whatKey: A.定語從句用 that 不用which1. 先行同時有人又有物2.先行是不定代詞（all , anything, something, everything)All that can be done has been done. I don’t believe anything that he said.All the books that he had bought were burn.3. 先行受形容詞最高級修飾This is the best film that I have seen.4. 先行受序數詞修飾如the first , the second, the last.This is the first book that was written by HangHang5.先行受the only, the very 詞修飾That is the very thing that I am looking for.The only gift that he got at Christmas is an exercise book.
定語從句先行詞關係代詞That which who whom whose關係副詞When where why That is the naughty boy _____________ we talked about last week.This is the photo ___________________ I took.He lives in the room ________ windows face south.
Attributive clause (2)由關係副詞 如: when , where , why (注意: 沒有 what和how )引導的定語從句表時間/地點/原因時用when, where, why I'll never forget the day when I joined the party. This room is the place where he was born. I know the reason why he was angry.
I. Read the form 對比：This is the house ____ we lived in last week.This is the house ____ we lived last week.Key: (which/ that ); whereHe gave the reason ____ he was late.I don’t believe the reason _____ he gave just now.Key: why; (that/ which) He will never forget the day ______ he met the girl.A. when B. on that C. in which D. thatHe will never forget the days _____ we spent together.A. when B. on that C. in which D. thatKey: A D
補充1 定語從句用 that 不用which 1. I still remember the things and the people that he talked about.2. He told me everything that had happened last night.3. This is the first novel that he has written.4. 「Hero」 is the best film that I have ever seen.5. That is the very tie that can match your shirt well.6. Which is the subject that you like best? 定語從句用 that 不用which1. 先行詞既有人又有物2.先行是不定代詞（all , anything, something, everything) 或者被all, no , any , few , little等修飾 3.先行受序數詞修飾 如the first , the second, the last. 4.先行受形容詞最高級修飾5.先行受the only, the very 詞修飾6.句子是由which 開頭的特殊疑問句
1. (2010全國II). I refuse to accept the blame for something _____ was someone else’s fault.A. who B. that C. as D. what2. .(2010北京卷27). Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. A. what B. whose C. which D. that 3.There is little in this book ____ is interesting.A. that B. which C. whose D. /4.The doctor ________stepped in.A.Della was waiting for him B. whom Della was waitingC. Della was waiting for D. who Della was waiting
補充3.介詞加關係代詞引導定語從句1.關係代詞作介詞賓語，不論是在限制性定語從句中，還是在非限制性定語從句中，當介詞前置時，只能用 whom 指人，which 指物；Do you know the boy to whom she was talking?The pencil with which he was writing suddenly broke. 1. Tom is a person ____ others can’t get on very well. A. whom B. who C. with whom D. with which2. The pen ______ he filled the form is mine. A. that B. which C. with that D. with which3.(2010江蘇卷32). The newly built café, the walls of_______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.A. that B. it C. what D. whi 4.Jane was her old friend,____she borrowed a necklace.A. from who B.from whomC. to that D.to whom5.His glasses,_____he was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke its leg. A. which B. with which C. without which D. that
Attributive clause (2)由關係副詞 如: when , where , why (注意: 沒有 what和how )引導的定語從句表時間/地點/原因時用when, where, why I'll never forget the day when I joined the party. This room is the place where he was born. I know the reason why he was angry.
使用關係副詞應注意下列幾點：1、當先行詞是表時間和表地點的 詞時，一定要注意分析從句的結構， I』ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I』ll never forget the days which / that we spent together last summer.
注意： 1)Which引導的從句與主句關係較密切，常放在主句之後；而as引導從句，可放在句首、句中或句尾。 2）Which既可代指先行詞，又可代指整個主句的內容。相當於「and this」 or 「 and that」. 譯為「這一點」。 而as 則只能代指整個主句的內容。譯為「正如…..那樣」3) as已形成一些固定結構。 如：as is known, as is said, as is reported, as is often the case, as is expected.
Attributive clause (4) 特殊的定語從句:先行詞是 the way1. I don’t like the way in which he talks. 2. I don’t like the way that he talks. 3. I don’t like the way he talks.
Attributive clause (5) 其他句型1. Is this factory_____ you visited last week? A. that B. which C. / D. the one還原法：This factory is the one (that) you visited last week.2. He told us about the time he had spent ____ English. A. to learn B. learning C. on learning D. to learningspend time doing sth.