研究揭示SG定位的mRNA翻譯
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/12/14 15:28:50
瑞士弗裡德裡希·米歇爾生物醫學研究所Jeffrey A. Chao研究團隊取得最新進展。他們利用單分子成像揭示了定位於應激顆粒(SGs)的mRNA的翻譯。該項研究成果發表在2020年12月11日的《細胞》雜誌上。
他們使用活細胞中mRNA翻譯的單分子成像技術重新檢驗假設。儘管他們觀察到非翻譯mRNA優先招募到SG,但他們發現明確證據表明,定位於SG的mRNA可以進行翻譯。他們的數據表明,與SG相關的翻譯並不罕見,並且整個翻譯周期(起始、延伸和終止)都可以在SG定位的的轉錄本上進行。此外,可以觀察到翻譯的mRNA在胞質溶膠和SG之間轉換,而不改變它們的翻譯狀態。
總之,這些結果表明,mRNA定位到SGs與翻譯兼容,並與SGs在抑制蛋白質合成中的直接作用不同。
據介紹,細胞應激導致mRNA翻譯的重編程和SG形成,由mRNA和RNA結合蛋白組成的無膜細胞器的形成。儘管SGs的功能仍然未知,但普遍認為它們僅包含非翻譯mRNA。
附:英文原文
Title: Single-Molecule Imaging Reveals Translation of mRNAs Localized to Stress Granules
Author: Daniel Mateju, Bastian Eichenberger, Franka Voigt, Jan Eglinger, Gregory Roth, Jeffrey A. Chao
Issue&Volume: 2020-12-11
Abstract: Cellular stress leads to reprogramming of mRNA translation and formation of stressgranules (SGs), membraneless organelles consisting of mRNA and RNA-binding proteins.Although the function of SGs remains largely unknown, it is widely assumed they containexclusively non-translating mRNA. Here, we re-examine this hypothesis using single-moleculeimaging of mRNA translation in living cells. Although we observe non-translating mRNAsare preferentially recruited to SGs, we find unequivocal evidence that mRNAs localizedto SGs can undergo translation. Our data indicate that SG-associated translation isnot rare, and the entire translation cycle (initiation, elongation, and termination)can occur on SG-localized transcripts. Furthermore, translating mRNAs can be observedtransitioning between the cytosol and SGs without changing their translational status.Together, these results demonstrate that mRNA localization to SGs is compatible withtranslation and argue against a direct role for SGs in inhibition of protein synthesis.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.010
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)31527-0
Cell:《細胞》,創刊於1974年。隸屬於細胞出版社,最新IF:36.216