2015年12月19日的大學英語四六級考試結束，新東方網四六級頻道第一時間為廣大考生帶來四六級考試真題答案以及解析，屆時新東方多位知名教師也將第一時間對此次四六級考試相關真題做出詳細解析，敬請廣大考生密切關注新東方網四六級頻道以及2015年12月英語四六級真題解析專題。
詞彙理解15選10：（孩子思考方式）
Children do not think the way adults do. For most of the first year of life, if something is out of sight, it’s out of mind. If you cover a baby’s 36 toy with a piece of cloth, the baby thinks the toy has disappeared and stops looking for it. A 4-year-old may 37 that a sister has more fruit a juice when it is only the shape of the glasses that differ, not the 38 of juice.
Yet children are smart in their own way. Like good little scientists, children are always testing their child-sized 39 about how things work. When your children throws her spoon on the floor for the sixth time as you try to feed her , and you say. 「That’s enough! I will not pick up your spoon again!」 the child will 40 test your claim. Are you serious? Are you angry? What will happen if she throws the spoon again? She is not doing this to drive you 41 ; rather, she is learning that her desires and yours can differ, and that sometimes those 42 are important and sometimes they are not.
How and why does children’s thinking change? In the 1920s. Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget proposed that children’s cognitive (認知的) abilities unfold 43, like the blooming of a flower, almost independent of what else is 44 in their lives. Although many of his specific conclusions have been 45 or modified over the years, his ideas inspired thousands of studies by investigators all over the world.
A.advocate
B.amount
C.confirmed
D.crazy
E.definite
F.differences
G.favorite
H.happening
I.immediately
J.naturally
K.obtaining
L.primarily
M.protest
N.rejected
O.theories
解析：
36 G
toy為名詞，前邊需要填入形容詞作定語，只有favorite語義相符。
37. M
缺少謂語動詞，前邊是情態動詞may，所以要填動詞原形，語義上只有protest合適，表示「抗議說... 」 。
38.B
the+名詞+of, amount此處表示橙汁的量。
39.O
Child-sized 為形容詞，後面需要名詞做中心語，根據後面從句意思選擇theories理論。
40.I
該空所在句不缺少成分，這時傾向填入副詞做狀語，根據前文中家長的話以及後面問句，選擇immediately最為合適，表示立即馬上。
41.D
考察固定搭配drive sb. crazy 逼瘋某人
42.F
those 後需要加名詞複數，且後文謂語是are，同時前文說孩子和家長不同，根據語義該處填入不同的名詞形式differences。
43.J
Unfold 在這裡為不及物動詞，展開顯露的意思，後面需要副詞修飾動詞，根據後文中花開屬於自然現象，所以是naturally，表示自然地。
44.H
Be +doing或者be+done，但是15個選項中沒有合適語義的done形式，所以只有happening合適。
45.N
Although 表示讓步轉折，逗號後面是正向評語，所以從句為負向評語，並且和or並列，在語義上相關，形式上相同，因此填rejected表示拒絕否定。
長篇閱讀:（The Prefect Essay）
The Perfect Essay
A)Looking back on too many years of education, I can identify one truly impossible teacher. She cared about me, and my intellectual life, even when I didn’t. Her expectations were high impossibly so. She was an English teacher. She was also my mother.
B)When good students turn in an essay, they dream of their instructor returning it to them in exactly the same condition, save for a single word added in the margin of the final page: 」Flawless.」 This dream came true for me one afternoon in the ninth grade. Of course, I had heard that genius could show itself at an early age, so I was only slightly taken aback that I had achieved perfection at the tender age of 14. Obviously, I did what any professional writer would do; I hurried off to spread the good news. I didn’t get very far. The first person I told was my mother.
C)My mother, who is just shy of five feet tall, is normally incredibly soft-spoken, but on the rare occasion when she got angry, she was terrifying. I am not sure if she was more upset by my hubris(得意忘形) or by the fact that my English teacher had let my ego get so out of hand. In any event, my mother and her red pen showed me how deeply flawed a flawless essay could be. At the time, I am sure she thought she was teaching me about mechanics, transitions(過渡), structure, style and voice. But what I learned, and what stuck with me through my time teaching writing at Harvard, was a deeper lesson about the nature of creative criticism.
D)Fist off, it hurts. Genuine criticism, the type that leaves a lasting mark on you as a writer, also leaves an existential imprint(印記) on you as a person. I have heard people say that a writer should never take criticism personally. I say that we should never listen to these people.
E)Criticism, at its best, is deeply personal, and gets to the heart of why we write the way we do. The intimate nature of genuine criticism implies something about who is able to give it, namely, someone who knows you well enough to show you how your mental life is getting in the way of good writing. Conveniently, they are also the people who care enough to see you through this painful realization. For me it took the form of my first, and I hope only, encounter with writer’s block-I was not able to produce anything for three years.
F)Franz Kafka once said:」 Writing is utter solitude(獨處), the descent into the cold abyss(深淵) of oneself. 「My mother’s criticism had shown me that Kafka is right about the cold abyss, and when you make the introspective (內省的) decent that writing requires you are out always pleased by what you find.」 But, in the years that followed, her sustained tutoring suggested that Kafka might be wrong about the solitude. I was lucky enough to find a critic and teacher who was willing to make the journey of writing with me. 「It is a thing of no great difficulty,」 according to Plutarch, 「to raise objections against another man’s speech, it is a very easy matter; but to produce a better in its place is a work extremely troublesome.」 I am sure I wrote essays in the later years of high school without my mother’s guidance, but I can’t recall them. What I remember, however, is how we took up the 「extremely troublesome」 work of ongoing criticism.
G)There are two ways to interpret Plutarch when he suggests that a critic should be able to produce 「a better in its place.」 In a straightforward sense, he could mean that a critic must be more talented than the artist she critiques(評論). My mother was well covered on this count. But perhaps Plutarch is suggesting something slightly different, something a bit closer to Marcus Cicero’s claim that one should 「criticize by creation, not by finding fault.」 Genuine criticism creates a precious opening for an author to become better on this own terms-a process that is often extremely painful, but also almost always meaningful.
H)My mother said she would help me with my writing, but fist I had myself. For each assignment, I was write the best essay I could. Real criticism is not meant to find obvious mistakes, so if she found any-the type I could have found on my own-I had to start from scratch. From scratch. Once the essay was 「flawless,」 she would take an evening to walk me through my errors. That was when true criticism, the type that changed me as a person, began.
I)She criticized me when I included little-known references and professional jargon(行話). She had no patience for brilliant but irrelevant figures of speech. 「Writers can’t bluff(虛張聲勢) their way through ignorance.」 That was news to me-I would need to find another way to structure my daily existence.
J)She trimmed back my flowery language, drew lines through my exclamation marks and argued for the value of restraint in expression. 「John,」 she almost whispered. I learned in to hear her:」I can’t hear you when you shout at me.」 So I stopped shouting and bluffing, and slowly my writing improved.
K)Somewhere along the way I set aside my hopes of writing that flawless essay. But perhaps I missed something important in my mother’s lessons about creativity and perfection. Perhaps the point of writing the flawless essay was not to give up, but to never willingly finish. Whitman repeatedly reworded 「Song of Myself」 between 1855 and 1891. Repeatedly. We do our absolute best wiry a piece of writing, and come as close as we can to the ideal. And, for the time being, we settle. In critique, however, we are forced to depart, to give up the perfection we thought we had achieved for the chance of being even a little bit better. This is the lesson I took from my mother. If perfection were possible, it would not be motivating.
46. The author was advised against the improper use of figures of speech.
47. The author’s mother taught him a valuable lesson by pointing out lots of flaws in his seemingly perfect essay.
48. A writer should polish his writing repeatedly so as to get closer to perfection.
49. Writers may experience periods of time in their life when they just can’t produce anything.
50. The author was not much surprised when his school teacher marked his essay as 「flawless」.
51. Criticizing someone’s speech is said to be easier than coming up with a better one.
52. The author looks upon his mother as his most demanding and caring instructor.
53. The criticism the author received from his mother changed him as a person.
54. The author gradually improved his writing by avoiding fancy language.
55. Constructive criticism gives an author a good start to improve his writing.
解析：
46. I
關鍵詞是improper use，figure of speech，文中定位在I 段第二句話。irrelevant 是improper的同義替換。
47. C
定位在C段第三四句，perfect essay對應flawless essay，同時第四句she was teaching...說明媽媽給我上了一課a
lesson。
48. k
K段倒數第五行，不斷改進以求接近理想化，ideal理想的，題幹中perfection完美的意思，與其同義替換。
49. E
最後一句話 作者遇到寫作瓶頸，與題幹中作家會經歷一段無法產出作品的時期同義。
50. B
用關鍵詞「flawless」定位在B段，整段都表示出作者對這種作文完美毫無瑕疵的情況沒有大驚小怪。
51. F
定位在「to raise objections against...」批評容易，給出好的替換方案難。
52. A
第一段中teacher，care about關心，her expectation are high媽媽的期待高，對應題幹caring instructor，most
demanding。
53. H
最後一句話是題幹同義替換。
54. J
最後一句話作者停止寫虛張聲勢的花言巧語，漸漸寫作進步了。
55. G
最後一句，真正的批評是使得作者開始進步的珍貴開端，a precious opening for 和a good start 同義，to become
better on his own terms和to improve his writing同義。