STAR顆粒增強藥物的遞送
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/3/10 14:03:32
美國喬治亞理工學院Mark R. Prausnitz研究小組發現,STAR顆粒可增強局部藥物和疫苗的遞送。這一研究成果在線發表於3月9日的《自然—醫學》。
藥物向皮膚的遞送高度受到角質屏障層的限制。在本研究中,研究人員研發了名為STAR顆粒的星形顆粒,其顯著提高了皮膚滲透性。STAR顆粒是由氧化鋁或不鏽鋼製成的毫米級顆粒,具有微米級突起,旨在角質層上形成微小的孔。
在對豬皮膚進行溫和局部應用10 s後,針對皮膚病的藥物和大分子(包括那些不能局部給藥的大分子)其傳遞增加了1-2個數量級。在局部5-氟尿嘧啶治療的小鼠中,使用STAR顆粒可提高藥物抑制皮下黑色素瘤的生長並具有延長生存期的功效。
此外,破傷風類毒素疫苗使用STAR顆粒向小鼠局部給藥產生的免疫應答與肌內注射疫苗一樣強,儘管局部給藥的劑量要比肌內疫苗給藥高。當將STAR顆粒用於人類受試者皮膚時,其具有良好的耐受性,並能有效產生微孔。
STAR顆粒給藥為增加藥物和疫苗向皮膚的輸送提供了一種簡單、低成本且耐受良好的方法,並且可以擴大局部給藥化合物的範圍。
附:英文原文
Title: STAR particles for enhanced topical drug and vaccine delivery
Author: Andrew R. Tadros, Andrey Romanyuk, Ian C. Miller, Andrea Santiago, Richard K. Noel, Laura OFarrell, Gabriel A. Kwong, Mark R. Prausnitz
Issue&Volume: 2020-03-09
Abstract: Drug delivery to the skin is highly constrained by the stratum corneum barrier layer1. Here, we developed star-shaped particles, termed STAR particles, to dramatically increase skin permeability. STAR particles are millimeter-scale particles made of aluminum oxide or stainless steel with micron-scale projections designed to create microscopic pores across the stratum corneum. After gentle topical application for 10s to porcine skin ex vivo, delivery of dermatological drugs and macromolecules, including those that cannot be given topically, was increased by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude. In mice treated with topical 5-fluorouracil, use of STAR particles increased the efficacy of the drug in suppressing the growth of subcutaneous melanoma tumors and prolonging survival. Moreover, topical delivery of tetanus toxoid vaccine to mice using STAR particles generated immune responses that were at least as strong as delivery of the vaccine by intramuscular injection, albeit at a higher dose for topical than intramuscular vaccine administration. STAR particles were well tolerated and effective at creating micropores when applied to the skin of human participants. Use of STAR particles provides a simple, low-cost and well-tolerated method for increasing drug and vaccine delivery to the skin and could widen the range of compounds that can be topically administered.
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0787-6
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0787-6