4. 自組裝肽納米結構及其在食品檢測中的應用研究進展
Self-Assembling Peptide Nanostructure and Application in Food Detection
竹雪程，劉慧琳*
2021, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (1): 33-41.
DOI: 10.12281/ffs2708-1893-20200827-001
摘要：肽基材料作為一種重要的生物材料，具有多種結構和功能。在過去的幾十年中，人們引入了自組裝策略來構建基於肽的納米結構。自組裝肽納米結構具有成本低、易於製備和修飾、形態和功能靈活性高以及生物相容性良好等優勢，已經被許多研究人員應用於藥物遞送或生物成像等領域，但是關於自組裝肽納米結構在食品檢測中的應用至今仍沒有明確報導。伴隨食品安全國民關注度的日益提升，具有獨特電學或光學性質的自組裝肽納米結構，或是基於π-π相互作用與氫鍵網絡（肽自組裝體內高度有序的定向分子間）形成的量子約束結構而發現的有機半導體納米顆粒（即肽量子點），完全有希望用作下一代生物有機光學納米結構，實現納米生物技術在食品檢測領域的實際應用。本文綜述了不同結構和類型的分子構建肽以及自組裝肽納米結構的機理，介紹了基於肽的納米結構在食品檢測甚至痕量檢測中的可行性，從而促進其在食品檢測中的應用。
關鍵詞: 自組裝, 肽納米結構, 肽量子點, 食品檢測
Abstract: As an important biological material, peptide-based materials have multiple structures and functions. In the past few decades, people have introduced self-assembly strategies to construct peptide-based nanostructures. Self-assembled peptide nanostructures have the advantages of low cost, easy preparation and modification, high morphological and functional flexibility, and good biocompatibility. Although they have been used by many researchers in the fields of drug delivery or bioimaging, the application of structures in food testing has not yet been clearly reported. With the increasing public attention to food safety, self-assembled peptide nanostructures with unique electrical or optical properties, or the organic semiconductor nanoparticles, namely peptide quantum dots (QDs), discovered based on the highly ordered directional intermolecular π-π interaction and the hydrogen bond network in the peptide self-assembly body, are all completely hopeful to be used as the next generation of bio-organic optical nanostructures to realize the practical application of nano-biotechnology in the field of food detection. Therefore, the reports that bridge the relevant review not only introduce and discuss different structures and types of molecular construction peptides as well as the potential mechanisms of self-assembled peptide nanostructures, but also propose the uniqueness of the peptide QDs structure, emphasizes the feasibility of peptide-based nanostructures in food detection and even trace detection, so as to promote its application in food detection fields.
Keywords: self-assembled, peptide nanostructure, peptide quantum dots, detection in food
中圖分類號: TS207.3