自組織3D人軀幹神經肌肉類器官體問世
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/1/19 14:43:01
德國馬克斯·德爾布呂克分子醫學中心Mina Gouti團隊在研究中取得進展,他們開發出自組織的三維人體軀幹神經肌肉器官體。該項研究成果於2020年1月16日在線發表在《細胞—幹細胞》雜誌上。
研究人員使用人多能幹細胞(hPSC)來源的軸向幹細胞(後體的構建基塊)同時生成自組織的脊髓神經元和骨骼肌細胞,從而生成可以在3D模式下維持幾個月的人類神經肌肉類器官體(NMO)。單個類器官體的單細胞RNA測序揭示了整個實驗的可重複性,並且隨著類器官體的發育和成熟,能夠追蹤神經和中胚層分化的軌跡。NMO包含末端施旺細胞支持的功能性神經肌肉接頭。NMO收縮並發育出中樞模式發生器樣神經元迴路。
最後,研究人員成功地使用NMO來描繪了重症肌無力病理學的關鍵方面,從而強調了NMO在將來建模神經肌肉疾病方面的巨大潛力。
據介紹,神經肌肉網絡在人類早期胚胎發育過程中組裝,對於控制身體運動至關重要。以往研究中使用hPSC進行神經肌肉連接建模的工作是在單層培養中產生脊髓神經元或骨骼肌。
附:英文原文
Title: Self-Organizing 3D Human Trunk Neuromuscular Organoids
Author: Jorge-Miguel Faustino Martins, Cornelius Fischer, Alessia Urzi, Ramon Vidal, Severine Kunz, Pierre-Louis Ruffault, Loreen Kabuss, Iris Hube, Elisabeta Gazzerro, Carmen Birchmeier, Simone Spuler, Sascha Sauer, Mina Gouti
Issue&Volume: January 16, 2020
Abstract: Neuromuscular networks assemble during early human embryonic development and are essentialfor the control of body movement. Previous neuromuscular junction modeling effortsusing human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) generated either spinal cord neurons orskeletal muscles in monolayer culture. Here, we use hPSC-derived axial stem cells,the building blocks of the posterior body, to simultaneously generate spinal cordneurons and skeletal muscle cells that self-organize to generate human neuromuscularorganoids (NMOs) that can be maintained in 3D for several months. Single-cell RNA-sequencingof individual organoids revealed reproducibility across experiments and enabled the tracking of the neural and mesodermal differentiation trajectories as organoids developedand matured. NMOs contain functional neuromuscular junctions supported by terminalSchwann cells. They contract and develop central pattern generator-like neuronal circuits.Finally, we successfully use NMOs to recapitulate key aspects of myasthenia gravispathology, thus highlighting the significant potential of NMOs for modeling neuromuscular diseases in the future.
DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.12.007
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-stem-cell/fulltext/S1934-5909(19)30525-9