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Herniated Disc - Lumbar
腰椎間盤突出
Introduction (概述)
A lumbar disc herniation, or lumbar radiculopathy, occurs when a small portion of a disc ruptures and causes pressure on spinal nerves. Small herniations are sometimes called bulges or protrusions, and people experiencing pain from the herniation often describe it as a pinched nerve.
腰椎間盤疝出,或腰椎神經根病,是一小部分椎間盤破裂突出引起脊神經壓迫。小的疝出有時稱為膨出或突出,人們常常把椎間盤疝出引起的疼痛描述為神經壓迫痛。
Symptoms (症狀)
In general, pressure on a spinal nerve from a lumbar herniation causes discomfort in one or both of the legs, frequently down to the ankle or foot. There can be shooting pains, weakness, and/or numbness. Pain in the leg is usually worse when sitting.
通常,因腰椎間盤疝出使脊神經受壓引起一側或雙下肢的不適,往往向下放射到踝關節或足,包括槍擊樣痛、無力和/或麻木。坐下時腿痛往往加重。
Causes (病因)
Lumbar disc herniations are most frequently caused by degeneration due to the normal aging process. As small tears in the disc’s outer layer (annulus) develop and enlarge over time, the jellylike inner layer (nucleus) may bulge outward, causing pressure on the spinal cord and nerves. Occasionally, trauma or an episode of heavy lifting causes sudden rupture of the disc resulting in symptoms. Sudden twisting, such as when golfing, can also cause lumbar disc herniations.
腰椎間盤疝出因為正常年齡增長導致退行性改變而發生。椎間盤外層(纖維環)的小撕裂,久而久之會發展和增大,膠凍狀的內層(髓核)會向外膨出,引起脊髓和神經的壓迫。有時,創傷或負重時會引起椎間盤突出破裂突出而引起症狀。突然扭腰,比如打高爾夫球時,也會引起腰椎間盤突出。
Summary(總結)
Lower back and leg pain from a disc herniation can often be resolved with medication and non-operative treatments (physical therapy). When these treatments are successful, leg pain tends to disappear first and it may take longer for weakness or numbness to improve. Surgery is performed for those whose symptoms do not improve.
椎間盤疝出引起的腰腿痛往往用藥物和非手術治療(理療)能夠緩解。當這些治療見效,下肢疼痛首先趨於消失,而無力和麻木的改善需要更長的時間。如果這些症狀沒有改善,則可能需要手術治療。
(胡佰文 譯)
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