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Herniated Discs
椎間盤疝出
Overview(概述)
A herniated disc is a common injury that can affect any part of the spine. A herniated disc can cause severe pain and other problems in the arms or legs.
椎間盤疝出是發生於脊柱任何部分的常見損傷。椎間盤突出會引起胳膊或腿的嚴重疼痛和其它問題。
Disc Anatomy(椎間盤的解剖)
Vertebral discs are flexible, rubbery cushions that support the vertebral bones. They allow the spine to twist and bend. Each disc has a soft inner nucleus that is surrounded by a fibrous outer wall.
椎間盤是有彈性的橡膠樣的支持脊椎骨的墊片。它們使脊椎可扭轉屈曲。每個椎間盤都有一個柔軟的核心,周圍是纖維狀的外壁。
Herniated Disc(椎間盤疝出)
A herniated disc occurs when the nucleus pushes through the outer wall. This herniation can result in a large bulge that can press against nearby nerve roots.
當髓核被擠出外壁時就發生了椎間盤疝出。椎間盤疝出會導致凸起對周圍的神經根造成壓迫。
Causes(原因)
Herniated discs commonly result from age-related weakening of the spinal discs. This is called disc degeneration, and it can occur gradually over many years as a result of normal wear and tear on the spine. A herniated disc can also result from a traumatic injury, or from lifting a heavy object improperly.
椎間盤疝出通常因年齡增長導致椎間盤衰弱引起,這被稱為椎間盤退變,年復一年脊柱正常的磨損撕裂會逐漸發生椎間盤退變。椎間盤疝出也會因創傷性損傷引起,或因不適當地搬重物引起。
Symptoms(症狀)
Symptoms of a herniated disc vary depending on the location of the disc and the severity of the rupture. Some herniated discs cause no symptoms, and a person with this type of injury may not realize the disc is damaged. But a herniated disc can also cause severe pain, numbness or tingling, and weakness. Most herniated discs occur in the lower back, where they can cause symptoms in the buttocks, legs and feet. Herniated discs also occur in the neck, where they can cause symptoms in the shoulders, arms and hands.
椎間盤疝出的症狀根據椎間盤的位置和破裂的嚴重程度而有所不同。有些椎間盤疝出不引起症狀,患有這種類型損傷的人可能不會意識到椎間盤壞了。然而椎間盤突出會引起嚴重的疼痛、麻木、刺痛以及無力。很多椎間盤突出發生於腰椎,它們會引起臀部、腿和腳上的症狀。椎間盤突出也可能發生於頸椎,這時會引起肩膀、胳膊和手部的症狀。
Treatment(治療)
Treatment options for herniated disc depend on the location and severity of the injury. A herniated disc may be treated with pain-relieving medications, muscle relaxers and corticosteroid injections. A person with a herniated disc may benefit from physical therapy. If these methods are not effective, the disc may need to be treated with a surgical procedure.
椎間盤疝出的治療取決於其位置和損傷的嚴重程度。椎間盤疝出可通過止痛藥、肌肉鬆弛藥和注射類固醇藥物治療。有些椎間盤疝出患者物理治療有效。如果這些方法沒效,可能需要手術治療。
(胡佰文 譯)
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中英文字幕:前路腰椎椎間融合術(Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion)
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